AR Cancer Research Results

AR, androgen receptor: Click to Expand ⟱

Source: HalifaxProj(suppress signaling);CGL-Driver Genes

Type: Oncogene

Androgens play an important role in the proliferation, differentiation, maintenance and function of the prostate [1]. Intriguingly, they may also be involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Androgen deprivation therapy can suppress hormone-naïve prostate cancer, but prostate cancer changes AR and adapts to survive under castration levels of androgen.

The prognostic significance of androgen receptor expression varies widely across different cancer types. In some cancers, high AR expression is associated with poor outcomes, while in others, it may indicate a better prognosis
High expression with poor prognosis is most common.

AR is used as a clinical biomarker for prostate therapy

Pca, Prostate Cancer: Click to Expand ⟱

Prostate Cancer: Alterations in genes such as ERG, SPOP, MYC, androgen receptor (AR), and CHD1, drive PCa progression.
TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer.
HH↑, GLI-1↑, SHH↑ P53↓
The loss of p53 and/or other tumor suppressor genes, reduced capacity for DNA repair, the dysfunction of telomerase activity, and changes in the pathways that govern the growth of cells also mediate the progression of Pca.
It has been well documented that Ca2+ influx and MDR1 upregulation are highly associated with GEM metabolism in human pancreatic carcinoma.
Increased Growth factor IGF-1/IGF-1R axis activation mediated by both PI3K/Akt or RAF/MEK/ERK system and AR expression remains important in the development and progression of prostate cancer.
It has been demonstrated that prostate cancer cells are relatively sensitive to heat stress.
Long non-coding RNA MALAT1 has been reported as an oncogenic target in multiple types of cancers, including PC.

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱

207-

Api,

Involvement of nuclear factor-kappa B, Bax and Bcl-2 in induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by apigenin in human prostate carcinoma cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

PSA↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4/6↓, P21↑, AR↓,

5171-

Ash,

The tumor proteasome is a primary target for the natural anticancer compound Withaferin A isolated from "Indian winter cherry"

vitro+vivo,

Pca,

LNCaP

mice

vitro+vivo,

Pca,

PC3

Proteasome↓, BAX↑, p27↑, AR↓, TumCG↓,

145-

CA,

CUR,

The anti-cancer effects of carotenoids and other phytonutrients resides in their combined activity

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

in-vitro,

PC,

DU145

AR↓, ARE/EpRE↑, TumCP↓, PSA↓,

2013-

CAP,

Capsaicin, a component of red peppers, inhibits the growth of androgen-independent, p53 mutant prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

0-5 x 10-4 mol/L

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

DU145

in-vivo,

NA,

5 mg/kg/d;

mice

TumCP↓, P53↑, P21↑, BAX↑, PSA↓, AR↓, NF-kB↓, Proteasome↓, TumVol↓, eff∅,

5951-

Cela,

Celastrol Suppresses Tumor Cell Growth through Targeting an AR-ERG-NF-κB Pathway in TMPRSS2/ERG Fusion Gene Expressing Prostate Cancer

vitro+vivo,

Pca,

treat mice bearing subcutaneous VCaP xenograft tumors.

NF-kB↓, AR↓, MCP1↓, Akt↓, HSP90↓, TumCG↓,

142-

CUR,

Effect of curcumin on the interaction between androgen receptor and Wnt/β-catenin in LNCaP xenografts

in-vivo,

Pca,

LNCaP

  500 mg/kg

AR↓, PSA↓,

141-

CUR,

Effect of curcumin on Bcl-2 and Bax expression in nude mice prostate cancer

in-vivo,

Pca,

PC3

 100 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 25 mg/kg curcumin)

 nude mice

BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, TumCG↓, TumVol↓, TumW↓, Apoptosis↑, AR↓, Ca+2↑, MPT↑,

144-

CUR,

Bical,

Combination of curcumin and bicalutamide enhanced the growth inhibition of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells through SAPK/JNK and MEK/ERK1/2-mediated targeting NF-κB/p65 and MUC1-C

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

 androgen-independent prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

PC,

DU145

in-vitro,

PC,

LNCaP

p‑ERK↑, p‑JNK↓, MUC1↓, p65↓, AR↓, TumCG↓, MEK↑, SAPK↑,

151-

CUR,

Curcumin analogues with high activity for inhibiting human prostate cancer cell growth and androgen receptor activation

in-vitro,

Pca,

22Rv1

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

AR↓, PSA↓, Dose↑,

152-

CUR,

Anti-cancer activity of curcumin loaded nanoparticles in prostate cancer

in-vivo,

Pca,

 PLGA-CUR NPs

 mice

β-catenin/ZEB1↓, AR↓, STAT3↓, p‑Akt↓, Mcl-1↓, Bcl-xL↓, cl‑PARP↑, miR-21↓, miR-205↑, TumCG↓, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, angioG↓, TumMeta↓,

122-

CUR,

isoFl,

Combined inhibitory effects of soy isoflavones and curcumin on the production of prostate-specific antigen

Human,

Pca,

LNCaP

 85 participants

PSA↓, AR↓,

131-

CUR,

Modulation of AKR1C2 by curcumin decreases testosterone production in prostate cancer

vitro+vivo,

Pca,

LNCaP

 5, 25 and 50 μM, 24, 48 and 72 h; 200 mg/kg/day, 30days

 mice

vitro+vivo,

Pca,

22Rv1

AKR1C2↓, CYP11A1↓, HSD3B↓, DHT↓, testos↓, StAR↓, SRD5A1↑, AR↓, tumCV↓, TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑,

157-

CUR,

Curcumin induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by regulating the expression of IkappaBalpha, c-Jun and androgen receptor

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

cJun↓, AR↓,

165-

CUR,

Curcumin interrupts the interaction between the androgen receptor and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in LNCaP prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

AR↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, p‑Akt↓, GSK‐3β↓, p‑β-catenin/ZEB1↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, chemoPv↑, TumCP↓,

183-

CUR,

Curcumin down-regulates AR gene expression and activation in prostate cancer cell lines

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

AR↓, AP-1↓, NF-kB↓, CBP↓,

24-

EGCG,

GEN,

QC,

Targeting CWR22Rv1 prostate cancer cell proliferation and gene expression by combinations of the phytochemicals EGCG, genistein and quercetin

in-vitro,

Pca,

22Rv1

 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 50 uM

NQO1↑, P53↑, NQO2↑, chemoPv↑, TumCP↓, AR↓,

690-

EGCG,

Green tea polyphenol EGCG blunts androgen receptor function in prostate cancer

in-vitro,

Pca,

AR↓, miR-21↓, miR-330-5p↑, TumCG↓,

2993-

EGCG,

Tea polyphenols down-regulate the expression of the androgen receptor in LNCaP prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

TumCG↓, PSA↓, HK2↓, AR↓, Sp1/3/4↓,

1955-

GamB,

Gambogic acid inhibits thioredoxin activity and induces ROS-mediated cell death in castration-resistant prostate cancer

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

185nM

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

DU145

ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, Trx↓, eff↑, TrxR↓, Dose∅, MMP↓, eff↑, Casp↑, NADPH↓, TrxR↓, ChemoSen↑, AR↓,

4639-

HT,

Hydroxytyrosol Induces Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Multiple Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

C4-2B

TumCP↓, selectivity↑, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, P21↑, p27↑, Apoptosis↑, Casp↑, cl‑PARP↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, p‑Akt↓, p‑STAT3↓, NF-kB↓, AR↓, ROS↑, *BioAv↓, *toxicity∅,

5186-

PEITC,

Phenethyl Isothiocyanate inhibits STAT3 activation in prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

DU145

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, STAT3↓, p‑JAK2↓, eff↓, TumCCA↑, AR↓, ROS↑,

67-

QC,

RES,

Overexpression of c-Jun induced by quercetin and resverol inhibits the expression and function of the androgen receptor in human prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

 50 or 100 uM

in-vitro,

Pca,

LAPC-4

cJun↑, AR↓,

70-

QC,

Quercetin inhibits the expression and function of the androgen receptor in LNCaP prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

LAPC-4

PSA↓, AR↓, NKX3.1↓, HK2↓,

72-

QC,

Se,

Selenium- or quercetin-induced retardation of DNA synthesis in primary prostate cells occurs in the presence of a concomitant reduction in androgen-receptor activity

in-vitro,

Pca,

PECs

 10, 50, 100 uM

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

in-vitro,

Pca,

NIH-3T3

 cells

AR↓,

82-

QC,

ATG,

Arctigenin in combination with quercetin synergistically enhances the anti-proliferative effect in prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

AR↓, PI3K/Akt↓, miR-21↓, STAT3↓, BAD↓, PRAS40↓, GSK‐3β↓, PSA↓, NKX3.1↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, miR-19b↓, miR-148a↓, AMPKα↓, TumCP↓, chemoPv↑, TumCMig↓,

81-

QC,

EGCG,

Enhanced inhibition of prostate cancer xenograft tumor growth by combining quercetin and green tea

in-vivo,

Pca,

 0.2%, 0.4%

COMT↓, MRP1↓, Ki-67↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, AR↓, Akt↓, p‑ERK↓, COMT↓, eff↑, chemoPv↑, BioAv↑,

79-

QC,

Chemopreventive Effect of Quercetin in MNU and Testosterone Induced Prostate Cancer of Sprague-Dawley Rats

in-vivo,

Pca,

 200 mg/kg/3x/week

 rats

GSH↑, SOD↑, Catalase↑, GPx↑, GSR↑, IGF-1R↓, Akt↓, AR↓, TumCP↓, lipid-P↓, H2O2↓, Raf↓, p‑MEK↓, Bcl-2↑, Bcl-xL↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑,

75-

QC,

ENZ,

Quercetin targets hnRNPA1 to overcome enzalutamide resistance in prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

HEK293

 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 50 umol/L

in-vitro,

NA,

22Rv1

 22Rv1-Enza-R

in-vitro,

NA,

C4-2B

 C4-2B-Enza-R

hnRNPA1↓, PSA↓, NKX3.1↓, FKBP5↓, UBE2C↓, AR-FL↓, AR-V7↑, AR↓, eff↑, TumVol↓, BioAv↓,

3078-

RES,

The Effects of Resveratrol on Prostate Cancer through Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment

Review,

Pca,

*ROS↓, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, Hif1a↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Cyt‑c↑, Dose↝, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, N-cadherin↓, AR↓,

3033-

RosA,

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Extract Modulates CHOP/GADD153 to Promote Androgen Receptor Degradation and Decreases Xenograft Tumor Growth

in-vitro,

Pca,

22Rv1

0 and 50 µg/ml of rosemary extract for 24 hrs.

13.3 µg/ml

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

27 µg/ml

vitro+vivo,

NA,

Athymic nude mice

ER Stress↑, selectivity↑, AR↓, TumCG↓, TumCCA↑, CHOP↑, PERK↓, GRP78/BiP↑, PSA↓,

3192-

SFN,

Transcriptome analysis reveals a dynamic and differential transcriptional response to sulforaphane in normal and prostate cancer cells and suggests a role for Sp1 in chemoprevention

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

15 μM SFN

Sp1/3/4↓, selectivity↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, HO-1↑, NQO1↑, CDK2↓, TumCP↓, BID↑, Smad1↑, Diablo↑, ICAD↑, Cyt‑c↑, IAP1↑, HSP27↑, *Cyt‑c↓, *IAP1↓, *HSP27↓, survivin↓, CDK4↓, VEGF↓, AR↓,

2446-

SFN,

CAP,

The Molecular Effects of Sulforaphane and Capsaicin on Metabolism upon Androgen and Tip60 Activation of Androgen Receptor

in-vitro,

Pca,

LNCaP

10uM

AR↓, Bcl-xL↓, TumCP↓, Glycolysis↓, HK2↓, PKA↓, Hif1a↓, PSA↓, ECAR↓, BioAv↑, BioAv↓, *toxicity↓,

5078-

SSE,

Rad,

Results from a Phase 1 Study of Sodium Selenite in Combination with Palliative Radiation Therapy in Patients with Metastatic Cancer

Trial,

Pca,

33 mg dose level,

15 patients with metastatic cancer treated with selenite (5.5 to 49.5 mg) orally as a single dose 2 hours before each radiation therapy (RT) treatment.

Half-Life↝, OS↑, Pain↓, PSA↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, selectivity↑, TumCG↓, AR↓, Dose↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑,

1934-

TQ,

Studies on molecular mechanisms of growth inhibitory effects of thymoquinone against prostate cancer cells: role of reactive oxygen species

in-vitro,

Pca,

PC3

25-150um/L

80uM

in-vitro,

Pca,

C4-2B

50uM

ROS↑, GSH↓, eff↓, AR↓,

4854-

Uro,

Urolithins: Emerging natural compound targeting castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)

Review,

Pca,

AR↓, ROS↓, Apoptosis↑, selectivity↑, Dose↑, MDA↓, SOD↑, GPx↑, ROS↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑,

1839-

VitK3,

Vitamin K3 derivative inhibits androgen receptor signaling in targeting aggressive prostate cancer cells

in-vitro,

Pca,

TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, eff↓, AR↓, Trx↓, Bcl-2↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 36 of 36

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 36

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

ROS↓, 1,

Cell Death ⓘ

Cyt‑c↓, 1, IAP1↓, 1,

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

HSP27↓, 1,

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

toxicity↓, 1, toxicity∅, 1,
Total Targets: 7

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: AR, androgen receptor

11 Curcumin
8 Quercetin
4 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
2 Capsaicin
2 Resveratrol
2 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
1 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
1 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
1 Carnosic acid
1 Celastrol
1 Bicalutamide
1 isoflavones
1 Genistein (soy isoflavone)
1 Gambogic Acid
1 HydroxyTyrosol
1 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
1 Selenium
1 Arctigenin
1 enzalutamide
1 Rosmarinic acid
1 Selenite (Sodium)
1 Radiotherapy/Radiation
1 Thymoquinone
1 Urolithin
1 VitK3,menadione

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:22  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:15  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

AR Cancer Research Results

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

Cell Death ⓘ

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Migration ⓘ

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Cell Death ⓘ

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

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