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| Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK1) is a key regulatory enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. – As a rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, PFK1 is subject to complex regulation through allosteric effectors including ATP, AMP, and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. • Metabolic Control: –PFK1 activity is central to controlling the pace of glycolysis, thereby influencing energy production and intermediary metabolite supply. – In highly proliferative cells or cells under growth conditions, increased glycolytic flux (and, by extension, PFK1 activity) supports the biosynthetic demands of cell division. – Many tumors (including breast, colorectal, and lung cancers) have been reported to have increased PFK1 expression/activity relative to normal tissues. – High glycolytic flux, driven partly by enhanced PFK1, supports rapid cell proliferation and survival in the nutrient/stress-challenged tumor microenvironment. Inhibitors:(typically glycolysis is targeted more broadly) -Citrate -Hydrogen ions (pH) – Acidic conditions can have inhibitory effects. -3PO: inhibits PFKFB3, thereby indirectly reducing PFK1 activity. -Resveratrol can downregulate glycolytic flux in cancer cells, which may indirectly affect PFK1 activity. - FMDs offer an indirect strategy to modulate cancer metabolism by broadly reducing glycolysis. Their impact on PFK1 is likely part of a complex network of metabolic adaptations rather than a direct inhibitory effect. |
| Colon cancer can start anywhere in the colon, (5 feet long) and absorbs water from stool. Rectal cancer starts in the rectum, which is the last 12 centimeters. |
| 1861- | dietFMD, | Chemo, | Fasting induces anti-Warburg effect that increases respiration but reduces ATP-synthesis to promote apoptosis in colon cancer models |
| - | in-vitro, | Colon, | CT26 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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