NO Cancer Research Results

NO, Nitric Oxide: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Once the cancer has begun, NO seems to play a protumoral role rather than antitumoral one as the concentration required to cause tumor cell cytotoxicity cannot be achieved by cancer cells.
The mechanistic roles of nitric oxide (NO) during cancer progression have been important considerations since its discovery as an endogenously generated free radical. Nonetheless, the impacts of this signaling molecule can be seemingly contradictory, being both pro-and antitumorigenic, which complicates the development of cancer treatments based on the modulation of NO fluxes in tumors. At a fundamental level, low levels of NO drive oncogenic pathways, immunosuppression, metastasis, and angiogenesis, while higher levels lead to apoptosis and reduced hypoxia and also sensitize tumors to conventional therapies. However, clinical outcome depends on the type and stage of the tumor as well as the tumor microenvironment.
Nitric oxide is generated by three main nitric oxide synthase isoforms: neuronal (nNOS), endothelial (eNOS), and inducible (iNOS).

– In many cancers, especially under inflammatory conditions, iNOS expression is upregulated. In contrast, eNOS levels may also be altered in cancers such as breast or prostate cancer.

• Expression Patterns in Tumors:
– Elevated iNOS expression is commonly observed in various tumor types (e.g., colon, breast, lung, and melanoma) and is often associated with an inflammatory microenvironment.

– Changes in eNOS and nNOS expression have also been reported and may contribute to angiogenesis and tumor blood flow regulation.
Stroke, Cerebral Ischemic Stroke: Click to Expand ⟱
Ischemic stroke is also called brain ischemia and cerebral ischemia. Ischemia is the medical term for "lack of blood supply."

Quick Reference

Mechanism Top Compounds
Blood flow / anti-thrombotic support Aspirin, Ginkgo biloba, Panax notoginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza
Membrane repair / cholinergic support Citicoline, Alpha-GPC
Antioxidant / ROS control EGCG, Curcumin, Quercetin, Tocotrienols
Anti-inflammatory / NF-κB / cytokines Curcumin, Luteolin, Baicalin
Mitochondrial protection Resveratrol, Citicoline
Blood flow / anti-thrombotic support Ginkgo biloba, Panax notoginseng, Salvia miltiorrhiza
BBB protection Rosmarinic acid, Astragaloside IV

Stroke/Product Table - Dose + Practical Therapeutic Index

Compound Class Primary Mechanisms Key Stroke Effects Evidence Level Phase Utility Human Dose Range Approx. HED mg/kg/day Practical Therapeutic Index
Aspirin NSAID / anti-platelet COX-1 inhibition; ↓ thromboxane A2; ↓ platelet aggregation Reduces recurrent ischemic stroke risk Strong clinical; standard of care Acute + prevention 81–325 mg/day ~1.2–4.6 mg/kg/day for 70 kg adult High, but bleeding-risk limited
Citicoline / CDP-choline Choline donor Membrane repair; ↑ phosphatidylcholine; ↓ free fatty acid release May support neurological and cognitive recovery Clinical; mixed acute results, better recovery/cognition signal Recovery 500–2000 mg/day ~7–29 mg/kg/day for 70 kg adult Moderate–High
Alpha-GPC Choline donor ↑ acetylcholine; phospholipid support May support post-stroke cognition Clinical; moderate support Recovery 300–1200 mg/day ~4–17 mg/kg/day for 70 kg adult Moderate; TMAO concern
Ginkgo biloba Herbal extract Cerebral blood flow; antioxidant; anti-platelet May support perfusion and cognition Clinical + preclinical Recovery 120–240 mg/day standardized extract ~1.7–3.4 mg/kg/day Moderate; bleeding interaction caution
Panax notoginseng / PNS Saponins Anti-thrombotic; perfusion; anti-inflammatory Improved blood flow/recovery measures in some studies Clinical mainly China + preclinical Acute + recovery Variable extract-dependent Study-specific; often preclinical HED needed Moderate; bleeding interaction caution
Salvia miltiorrhiza / Danshen Herbal extract Microcirculation; vascular protection; anti-platelet May support vascular recovery Clinical mainly China + preclinical Acute + recovery Variable extract/root equivalent Study-specific Moderate; bleeding interaction caution
Baicalin Flavonoid Anti-inflammatory; anti-apoptotic; antioxidant Neuroprotection in ischemic injury models Preclinical + limited clinical Acute No established stroke dose Preclinical HED only Moderate–Low
Curcumin Polyphenol ↓ NF-κB; ↓ cytokines; antioxidant Reduced infarct size/inflammation in models Strong preclinical Acute + recovery 500–2000 mg/day bioavailable form ~7–29 mg/kg/day Moderate; bioavailability limited
Resveratrol Polyphenol SIRT1; mitochondrial protection; anti-apoptotic Reduced apoptosis/infarct injury in models Strong preclinical Acute + recovery 100–500 mg/day ~1.4–7.1 mg/kg/day Moderate; bioavailability limited
EGCG Catechin ROS scavenging; vascular protection Reduced neuronal injury in models Strong preclinical Acute 200–400 mg/day EGCG ~2.9–5.7 mg/kg/day Moderate; liver-dose caution
Quercetin Flavonoid Antioxidant; anti-inflammatory; anti-edema Reduced edema/infarct size in models Strong preclinical Acute 500–1000 mg/day ~7–14 mg/kg/day Moderate
Melatonin Indoleamine Mitochondrial antioxidant; anti-inflammatory Reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury in models Preclinical + limited clinical interest Acute + recovery 3–10 mg/day ~0.04–0.14 mg/kg/day Moderate–High
Tocotrienols Vitamin E subtype Lipid antioxidant; membrane protection Neuroprotection in ischemic models Preclinical + limited clinical Acute 100–300 mg/day ~1.4–4.3 mg/kg/day Moderate
Luteolin Flavonoid NF-κB / Nrf2 / PI3K-Akt modulation Reduced inflammation/neuroprotection in models Strong preclinical Acute No established stroke dose Preclinical HED only Low–Moderate
Ferulic acid Phenolic acid Antioxidant; vasodilation; vascular protection Improved blood flow/reduced injury in models Preclinical Acute No established stroke dose Preclinical HED only Low–Moderate
Rosmarinic acid Phenolic acid BBB protection; antioxidant; anti-inflammatory Reduced BBB disruption in models Preclinical Acute No established stroke dose Preclinical HED only Low–Moderate
Berberine Alkaloid AMPK activation; metabolic/vascular protection Neuroprotection in ischemia models Preclinical Prevention + recovery 500–1500 mg/day ~7–21 mg/kg/day Moderate; interaction caution
Huperzine A Alkaloid AChE inhibition; cholinergic support May support cognitive recovery Preclinical + cognitive clinical context Recovery 100–200 µg/day ~0.001–0.003 mg/kg/day Low–Moderate; narrow cholinergic tolerance
Honokiol Lignan Mitochondrial protection; anti-inflammatory Reduced ischemic neuronal injury in models Preclinical Acute + recovery No established stroke dose Preclinical HED only Low
HED: Human Equilvalent Dose
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2660- AL,    Allicin: A review of its important pharmacological activities
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *cardioP↑, *hepatoP↑, *BBB↑, *Half-Life↝, *H2S↑, *BP↓, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *GutMicro↑, *LDH↓, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *other↑, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *MPO↓, *eff↑, *NRF2↑, *Keap1↓, *TBARS↓, *creat↓, *LDH↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *memory↑, chemoP↑, IL8↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp12↑, p38↑, Fas↑, P53↑, P21↑, CHK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, Hif1a↓, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, TumCMig↓, STAT3↓, VEGFR2↓, p‑FAK↓,
4276- BA,    Baicalin Attenuates Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation–Induced Injury by Modulating the BDNF-TrkB/PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk1/2 Signaling Axes in Neuron–Astrocyte Cocultures
- in-vivo, Stroke, NA
*BDNF↑, *neuroP↑, *TrkB↑, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *MAPK↑, *ERK↑, *NO↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6?,
2626- Ba,    Molecular targets and therapeutic potential of baicalein: a review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
AntiCan↓, *neuroP↑, *cardioP↑, *hepatoP↑, *RenoP↑, TumCCA↑, CDK4↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, cMyc↓, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, BNIP3↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *PGE2↓, *NRF2↑, *p‑AMPK↑, *Ferroptosis↓, *lipid-P↓, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *Fas↓, *BAX↓, *Apoptosis↓,
5656- BNL,    Role of borneol as enhancer in drug formulation: A review
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, AD, NA
*eff↑, BBB↑, ChemoSen↑, *Inflam↓, *NO↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *Bacteria↓, *eff↑, *Aβ↓, *SOD↑, *neuroP↑, *EPR↑, toxicity↓, P-gp↓, eff↑, other↝,
2794- CHr,    An updated review on the versatile role of chrysin in neurological diseases: Chemistry, pharmacology, and drug delivery approaches
- Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *NF-kB↓, *JNK↓, *HDAC↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *IFN-γ↓, *IL17↓, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *SOD↑, *MDA↓, *NO↓, *GPx↑, *TBARS↓, *AChE↓, *GR↑, *Catalase↑, *VitC↑, *memory↑, *lipid-P↓, *ROS↓,
3264- Lyco,    Pharmacological potentials of lycopene against aging and aging‐related disorders: A review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *MDA↓, *lipid-P↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *iNOS↓, *NO↓, *TAC↑, *NOX4↓, *Inflam↓, *IL1↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *TLR2↓, *TLR4↓, *VCAM-1↓, *ICAM-1↓, *STAT3↓, *NF-kB↓, *ERK↓, *BP↓, ROS↓, PGE2↓, cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *creat↓, *RenoP↑, *CRM↑,
3261- Lyco,    Lycopene and Vascular Health
- Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *AntiAg↑, *cardioP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *ROS↓, *mtDam↓, *cardioP↑, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *COX2↓, *LDL↓, *eff↑, *ER Stress↓, *BioAv↑, *eff↑, *MMPs↓, *COX2↓, *RAGE↓,
3536- MF,    Targeting Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/Pericytes (MSCs) With Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) Has the Potential to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Review, Arthritis, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, *Diff↑, *toxicity∅, *other↑, *SOX9↑, *COL2A1↑, *NO↓, *PGE2↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL10↑, *angioG↑, *MSCs↑, *VEGF↑, *TGF-β↑, *angioG↝, *VEGF↓, Ca+2↝,
194- MF,    Electromagnetic Field as a Treatment for Cerebral Ischemic Stroke
- Review, Stroke, NA
*BAD↓, *BAX↓, *Casp3↓, *Bcl-xL↑, *p‑Akt↑, *MMP9↓, *p‑ERK↑, *HIF-1↓, *ROS↓, *VEGF↑, *Ca+2↓, *SOD↑, *IL2↑, *p38↑, *HSP70/HSPA5↑, *Apoptosis↓, *ROS↓, *NO↓,
5904- TV,    Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Obesity, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Bacteria↓, AntiTum↑, IronCh↑, *HDL↑, *LDL↓, *BioAv↝, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSTs↑, *eff↑, radioP↑, *MDA↓, *other↑, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *AntiAg↑, *RNS↓, *NO↓, *H2O2↓, *NOS2↓, *NADH↓, *Imm↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, angioG↓, TumCMig↓, Ca+2↑, TumCCA↑, DNAdam↑, BAX↑, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, AIF↑, i-ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, APAF1↑, Ca+2↑, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, PKCδ↓, ERK↓, H2O2↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, DNAdam↑, lipid-P↑, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑, *cardioP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSH↑, *BP↓, *AntiDiabetic↑, *Obesity↓, RenoP↑, *GastroP↑, hepatoP↑, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *BChE↓, *other↓, *BioAv↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 10 of 10

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 10

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

GSH↓, 1,   H2O2↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 2,   i-ROS↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

IronCh↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   MMP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

cMyc↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 1,   BAX↑, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 3,   Casp12↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 2,   Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 2,   Cyt‑c↑, 2,   Fas↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↝, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

BNIP3↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CHK1↓, 1,   DNAdam↑, 2,   P53↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK4↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   cycE/CCNE↑, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 3,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 2,   Ca+2↝, 1,   p‑FAK↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumCP↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   Hif1a↓, 2,   VEGF↓, 2,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   P-gp↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

IL8↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,   PGE2↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 2,   eff↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↓, 1,   AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 63

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 5,   Catalase↑, 4,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   GPx↑, 3,   GSH↑, 4,   GSTs↑, 3,   H2O2↓, 1,   HDL↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 2,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 4,   MDA↓, 5,   MPO↓, 1,   NADH↓, 1,   NOX4↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 4,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 9,   SOD↑, 9,   TAC↑, 1,   TBARS↓, 2,   VitC↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

mtDam↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   CRM↑, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   LDH↓, 2,   LDL↓, 2,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 3,   BAD↓, 1,   BAX↓, 2,   Bcl-xL↑, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Fas↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 4,   JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

SOX9↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 1,   other↑, 3,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Diff↑, 1,   ERK↓, 1,   ERK↑, 1,   p‑ERK↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   MSCs↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   PI3K↑, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 2,   Ca+2↓, 1,   COL2A1↑, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   MMPs↓, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,   TGF-β↑, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↑, 1,   angioG↝, 1,   EPR↑, 1,   HIF-1↓, 1,   NO↓, 10,   VEGF↓, 1,   VEGF↑, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   GastroP↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2↓, 6,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IL1↓, 1,   IL10↑, 1,   IL17↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 4,   IL2↑, 1,   IL6?, 1,   IL6↓, 4,   IL8↓, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 7,   NF-kB↓, 5,   PGE2↓, 3,   TLR2↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 6,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 2,   BChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 1,   TrkB↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

GR↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 1,   eff↑, 6,   Half-Life↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2,   AST↓, 2,   BP↓, 3,   creat↓, 2,   GutMicro↑, 1,   IL6?, 1,   IL6↓, 4,   LDH↓, 2,   NOS2↓, 1,   RAGE↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 5,   cognitive↑, 3,   hepatoP↑, 2,   memory↑, 2,   neuroP↑, 8,   Obesity↓, 1,   RenoP↑, 2,   toxicity∅, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 2,  
Total Targets: 124

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NO, Nitric Oxide
2 Lycopene
2 Magnetic Fields
1 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
1 Baicalin
1 Baicalein
1 borneol
1 Chrysin
1 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:36  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:563  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

Home Page