Cyt‑c Cancer Research Results

Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Cytochrome c
** The term "release of cytochrome c" ** an increase in level for the cytosol.
Small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration. Cytochrome c is highly water-soluble, unlike other cytochromes. It is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction as its iron atom converts between the ferrous and ferric forms, but does not bind oxygen. It also plays a major role in cell apoptosis.

The term "release of cytochrome c" refers to a critical step in the process of programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis.
In its new location—the cytosol—cytochrome c participates in the apoptotic signaling pathway by helping to form the apoptosome, which activates caspases that execute cell death.
Cytochrome c is a small protein normally located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Its primary role in healthy cells is to participate in the electron transport chain, a process that helps produce energy (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation.
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability leads to the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol.
The release of cytochrome c is a pivotal event in apoptosis where cytochrome c moves from the mitochondria to the cytosol, initiating a chain reaction that leads to programmed cell death.

On the one hand, cytochrome c can promote cancer cell survival and proliferation by regulating the activity of various signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT pathway. This can lead to increased cell growth and resistance to apoptosis, which are hallmarks of cancer.
On the other hand, cytochrome c can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells by interacting with other proteins, such as Apaf-1 and caspase-9. This can lead to the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which can result in the death of cancer cells.
Overexpressed in Breast, Lung, Colon, and Prostrate.
Underexpressed in Ovarian, and Pancreatic.
Stroke, Cerebral Ischemic Stroke: Click to Expand ⟱
Ischemic stroke is also called brain ischemia and cerebral ischemia. Ischemia is the medical term for "lack of blood supply."
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2660- AL,    Allicin: A review of its important pharmacological activities
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *cardioP↑, *hepatoP↑, *BBB↑, *Half-Life↝, *H2S↑, *BP↓, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *GutMicro↑, *LDH↓, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *other↑, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *MPO↓, *eff↑, *NRF2↑, *Keap1↓, *TBARS↓, *creat↓, *LDH↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *memory↑, chemoP↑, IL8↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp12↑, p38↑, Fas↑, P53↑, P21↑, CHK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, Hif1a↓, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, TumCMig↓, STAT3↓, VEGFR2↓, p‑FAK↓,
2760- BetA,    A Review on Preparation of Betulinic Acid and Its Biological Activities
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
AntiTum↑, Cyt‑c↑, Smad1↑, Sepsis↓, NF-kB↓, ICAM-1↓, MCP1↓, MMP9↓, COX2↓, PGE2↓, ERK↓, p‑Akt↓, *ROS↓, *LDH↓, *hepatoP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *RenoP↑, *ROS↓, *α-SMA↓,
2782- CHr,    Broad-Spectrum Preclinical Antitumor Activity of Chrysin: Current Trends and Future Perspectives
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Park, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *hepatoP↑, *neuroP↑, *BioAv↓, *cardioP↑, *lipidLev↓, *RenoP↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL2↓, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *ROS↓, *cognitive↑, eff↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, hTERT/TERT↓, VEGF↓, p‑STAT3↓, TumMeta↓, TumCP↓, eff↑, eff↑, IL1β↓, IL6↓, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑, ER Stress↑, Ca+2↑, TET1↑, Let-7↑, Twist↓, EMT↓, TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, BAX↑, HK2↓, GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↓, Glycolysis↓, SHP1↑, N-cadherin↓, E-cadherin↑, UPR↑, PERK↑, ATF4↑, eIF2α↑, RadioS↑, NOTCH1↑, NRF2↓, BioAv↑, eff↑,
2872- HNK,    Honokiol alleviated neurodegeneration by reducing oxidative stress and improving mitochondrial function in mutant SOD1 cellular and mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- in-vivo, ALS, NA - NA, Stroke, NA - NA, AD, NA - NA, Park, NA
*eff↑, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *motorD↑, *OS↑, *neuroP↑, *BBB↑, *cognitive↑, *eff↑, *antiOx↑, *Cyt‑c↑, *PGC-1α↑,
3930- PTS,    A Review of Pterostilbene Antioxidant Activity and Disease Modification
- Review, Var, NA - Review, adrenal, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*BioAv↑, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, *H2O2↓, *GSH↑, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, *SOD↑, TumCG↓, PTEN↑, HGF/c-Met↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, TumMeta↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Ki-67↓, Casp3↑, MMP↓, H2O2↑, ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, *cardioP↑, *CDK2↓, *CDK4↓, *cycE/CCNE↓, *cycD1/CCND1↓, *RB1↓, *PCNA↓, *CREB↑, *GABA↑, *memory↑, *IGF-1↑, *ERK↑, TIMP1↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Diablo↑, SOD2↑,
3040- SK,    Pharmacological Properties of Shikonin – A Review of Literature since 2002
- Review, Var, NA - Review, IBD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Half-Life↝, *BioAv↓, *BioAv↑, *BioAv↑, *Inflam↓, *TNF-α↓, *other↑, *MPO↓, *COX2↓, *NF-kB↑, *STAT3↑, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *neuroP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *Bcl-2↑, *BAX↓, cardioP↑, AntiCan↑, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, PKM2↓, TumCCA↑, Necroptosis↑, Apoptosis↑, DNAdam↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, LDH↝,
3950- Taur,    Taurine Supplementation as a Neuroprotective Strategy upon Brain Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
- Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, AD, NA
*Ca+2↝, *neuroP↑, *other↝, *pH↝, *ROS∅, eff↑, *MMP↑, *Apoptosis↓, *other↝, *ER Stress↓, *Bcl-xL↓, *BAX↑, *Cyt‑c↑, *cal2↓, *Casp3↓, *UPR↓, *other↝, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *GLUT1↑, *GLUT3↑, *memory↑,
5904- TV,    Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Obesity, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Bacteria↓, AntiTum↑, IronCh↑, *HDL↑, *LDL↓, *BioAv↝, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSTs↑, *eff↑, radioP↑, *MDA↓, *other↑, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *AntiAg↑, *RNS↓, *NO↓, *H2O2↓, *NOS2↓, *NADH↓, *Imm↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, angioG↓, TumCMig↓, Ca+2↑, TumCCA↑, DNAdam↑, BAX↑, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, AIF↑, i-ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, APAF1↑, Ca+2↑, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, PKCδ↓, ERK↓, H2O2↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, DNAdam↑, lipid-P↑, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑, *cardioP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSH↑, *BP↓, *AntiDiabetic↑, *Obesity↓, RenoP↑, *GastroP↑, hepatoP↑, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *BChE↓, *other↓, *BioAv↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 8 of 8

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 8

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

GSH↓, 1,   H2O2↑, 2,   lipid-P↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   ROS↑, 4,   i-ROS↑, 1,   SOD2↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

IronCh↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   MMP↓, 4,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

GlucoseCon↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   HK2↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 1,   LDH↝, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 3,   BAX↑, 4,   Bcl-2↓, 2,   Casp12↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 4,   Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 3,   Cyt‑c↑, 6,   Diablo↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   HGF/c-Met↓, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   Necroptosis↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 1,   PERK↑, 1,   UPR↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CHK1↓, 1,   DNAdam↑, 3,   P53↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 4,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

EMT↓, 1,   ERK↓, 2,   Let-7↑, 1,   NOTCH1↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   PTEN↑, 1,   SHP1↑, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 3,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   p‑FAK↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 2,   MMP9↓, 3,   N-cadherin↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   Smad1↑, 1,   TET1↑, 1,   TIMP1↑, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumCP↓, 2,   TumMeta↓, 2,   Twist↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   ATF4↑, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 2,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 4,   PGE2↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 2,   eff↑, 5,   RadioS↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   LDH↝, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 2,   AntiTum↑, 2,   cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 99

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 7,   Catalase↑, 3,   GPx↑, 4,   GSH↑, 5,   GSR↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 2,   H2O2↓, 2,   HDL↑, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   MDA↓, 2,   MPO↓, 2,   NADH↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 3,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 9,   ROS∅, 1,   SOD↑, 6,   TBARS↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↑, 1,   PGC-1α↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2,   CREB↑, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   LDH↓, 3,   LDL↓, 1,   lipidLev↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 2,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   BAX↓, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 2,   iNOS↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 1,   other↑, 3,   other↝, 3,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,   UPR↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

PCNA↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   cycE/CCNE↓, 1,   RB1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↑, 1,   IGF-1↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 2,   STAT3↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

AntiAg↑, 1,   Ca+2↝, 1,   cal2↓, 1,   α-SMA↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 2,   GastroP↑, 1,   GLUT1↑, 1,   GLUT3↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2↓, 3,   IL2↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Imm↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 5,   NF-kB↓, 2,   NF-kB↑, 1,   PGE2↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 3,  

Cellular Microenvironment ⓘ

pH↝, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,   BChE↓, 1,   GABA↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 5,   BioAv↝, 1,   eff↑, 4,   Half-Life↝, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 2,   AST↓, 2,   BP↓, 2,   creat↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   LDH↓, 3,   NOS2↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 4,   cognitive↑, 4,   hepatoP↑, 3,   memory↑, 3,   motorD↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 7,   Obesity↓, 1,   OS↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 2,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 98

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol
1 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
1 Betulinic acid
1 Chrysin
1 Honokiol
1 Pterostilbene
1 Shikonin
1 Taurine
1 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:36  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:77  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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