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| SOD, or superoxide dismutase, is an important antioxidant enzyme that plays a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress. It catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. SOD Isoforms: There are three main isoforms of SOD: SOD1 (cytosolic): Often found to be overexpressed in certain tumors, which may help cancer cells survive in oxidative environments. SOD2 (mitochondrial): Plays a critical role in protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage. Its expression can be upregulated in some cancers, contributing to tumor growth and resistance to therapy. SOD3 (extracellular): Its role in cancer is less well understood, but it may have implications in the tumor microenvironment and metastasis. The expression levels of SOD can serve as a prognostic indicator in some cancers. For example, high levels of SOD expression have been associated with poor prognosis in certain types of tumors, potentially due to their role in promoting tumor cell survival and resistance to therapies. |
| In Alzheimer's disease (AD), cholinergic dysfunction (often with reduced acetylcholine tone and impaired choline metabolism) is linked with cortical dysfunction, memory deficit, abnormal cerebral blood flow, task learning difficulty, sleep-cycle disruption, and neurodevelopmental effects (context-dependent). CORE HALLMARKS / HIGH-CONFIDENCE AXES: - tau and Aβ, their accumulation in AD brains is known to be a major hallmark. In AD, PP2A↓ activity is decreased (reported), contributing to hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation. SIRT-1↓ levels in AD brains are associated with accumulation of Aβ and tau (reported). - glucose metabolism↓ (brain glucose hypometabolism) occurs in AD long before significant clinical signs in many cohorts/models (reported). - Neuroinflammation / lipid mediator tone (reported): 5-LOX↑ and PGE2↑ (model-/region-dependent). - Synaptic vulnerability (reported): PSD95↓ in hippocampus and cortex; restoring PSD95 shows cognitive benefits in models. - Clearance/transport imbalance (reported): IDE↓, NEP↓, LRP1↓, and AEP↑ protein levels in AD brains (reported). COMMONLY REPORTED DIRECTIONAL CHANGES (model/region/compartment dependent): - Monoamines (reported): concentrations of 5-HTP↓, 5-HT(seratonin)↓, and 5-HIAA↓ are lower in Alzheimer's patients (varies by region/study). - Cholinergic system (clinical target): reduction in ACh↓ production; ChAT↓ activity reduced (synthesizes ACh). - Four key enzymes frequently targeted in AD symptom/adjunct strategies: AChE, BChE, MAOA, MAOB (objective inhibit). - Neurotrophic tone (reported): BDNF↓ in key regions. - Stress can decrease expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). - Kinase/protease stress (reported): CDK5↑ hyperactivation; calpain↑ overactivated by increased intracellular Ca²⁺ → p-tau and aggregation. - Aβ-linked synaptic regulator (reported): STEP↑ upregulated largely due to Aβ oligomer accumulation. - α-secretase axis (reported): ADAM10↓ downregulated in AD brains. - Metabolic cofactors (reported): ALC↓ (ALCAR); Homocarnosine↓ (CSF declines with age); possible low Taurine↓ (age-related + dementia reports). - Ion/glutamate handling (reported): impaired glutamate clearance + depressed Na+/K+ ATPase → cellular ion imbalance risk. - Aging reduces NAD⁺↓ (in AD depletion may be more severe). - Mitochondrial capacity axis (reported): PGC-1↓ decreased in Alzheimer’s brains. - Innate immune DNA-sensing axis (animal): cGAS–STING↑ elevation observed in AD mice and normalized by NR treatment. - Vascular/structure (reported): a profound change in BBB permeability; progressive brain shrinkage (atrophy). - Glycation axis (reported): AGEs↑ and RAGE↑ expression. - cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TMAO is higher in individuals with MCI and AD dementia compared to cognitively-unimpaired individuals. (gut microbes enzymatically generate trimethylamine (TMA) from choline or l-carnitine). HOMOCYSTEINE / B-VITAMIN AXIS: - Raised plasma total homocysteine (tHcy)↑ associated with cognitive impairment, AD, or vascular dementia (epidemiology). - Homocysteine can build up if vitamin B6, B12, or folate levels are low. - Homocysteine and B-vitamin in Cognitive Impairment (VITACOG) study. - Vit B6 might be an important B vitamin (often discussed along with B12 and folate). - Thiamine↓ deficiency produces a cholinergic deficit (well-aligned with AD features). - Decreased thiamine (B1) in AD may exacerbate Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, and oxidative stress (reported). MICRONUTRIENTS / CAROTENOIDS (reported; compartment-dependent): - vitamin A↓ and β-carotene↓ lower in some AD cohorts; excess retinol may contribute to osteoporosis risk. - Diminished circulating vitamin E↓ reported in AD. - Vitamin B5↓ in multiple brain regions (reported). - Trace elements: patients with AD reported lower serum Se, Cu, and Zn↓ (serum findings vary by study). - Brain metals: some studies report higher brain copper↑ and iron↑ in specific regions/structures; compartment and region matter. Rosmarinic acid reported to reduce copper-induced neurotoxicity in vitro/in vivo and may interfere with amyloid–copper interactions (preclinical). - SAMe↓ concentrations in CSF reported in AD. - MPOD often reduced in AD patients. - AD brains reported lower levels of lutein↓, zeaxanthin↓, anhydrolutein↓, (VitA)retinol↓, lycopene↓, alpha-tocopherol↓. RISK CONTEXT: - Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) genotype is the strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. - One copy of ApoE4: ~3–4× increased risk (range varies by cohort). - Two copies: ~8–12× increased risk (range varies). - VitK lower in circulating blood of APOE4 carriers (reported). - Type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, stroke, diet, and above all, aging is the number ONE risk factor. Treatments / Strategy Targets (high-level): - Early intervention tends to have a greater positive effect than interventions during middle or late stages. - BOLD fMRI imaging can be used to observe brain activity via blood oxygen/flow changes. - Reduce ROS and inflammation in the brain (context-dependent; avoid over-suppressing adaptive signaling). - Inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (which breaks down ACh), e.g., donepezil, rivastigmine. - Natural AChE inhibitors include: Berberine, Luteolin, Crocetin(saffron), Querctin, TQ - Natural AChE inhibitors in database (check BBB pass potential). - MAOB inhibitors, APP inhibitors, PGE2 inhibitors, NLRP3 inhibitors, BACE inhibitors - BDNF activators, PSD95 activator - STEP, ADAM10 - Diets with an adequate ratio (5:1) of omega-6:3 (Mediterranean diet). - Vitamins B1, B6, B12, B9 (folic acid) and D, choline, iron and iodine exert neuroprotective effects (general nutrition framing). - Antioxidants (vitamins C, E, A, zinc, selenium, lutein and zeaxanthin). - Fiber may promote gut microbiome diversity influencing brain health. - Supplementing with NAD⁺ precursors (NR or NMN) improves cognition and reduces amyloid/tau pathologies in AD mice (animal evidence). - "It is advisable to consume diets with an adequate ratio (5:1) of omega-6:3 fatty acids (Mediterranean diet) ... antioxidants ... role in oxidative stress ... cognition." Nutrition Strategies - Reduction of cognitive decline may be achieved by following a healthy dietary pattern limiting added sugars while maximizing fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds. SeNPs may also be useful as a Drug Delivery System. Related Pathways to research in this database (products that modulate them): - neuroprotective, cognitive, memory - Aβ aggregation, Tau↓, AChE↓, ACh↑, ChAT↑, acetyl-CoA↑, BDNF↑, BACE↓, NLRP3↓, PSD95↑, PGE2↓, homoC↓ - Increasing AntiOxidants: Catalase↑, GSH↑, SOD↑, HO-1↑, to decrease ROS↓ - Lower Inflammation: TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, IL6↓ Natural Products that may benefit AD. -Some key pathways are highlighted in RED in the following links SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Acetyl-L-carnitine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">ALA, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Apigenin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Anthocyanins Blueberrys, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Aromatherapy, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Artemisinin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Ashwagandha, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">β-carotene(vitamin A), SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Bacopa monnieri, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Baicalein, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Baicalin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Berberine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Betulinic acid, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Boron, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Boswellia (frankincense), SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Caffeic acid, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Caffeine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Capsaicin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Carnosine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Carnosic acid, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Chlorogenic acid, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Choline, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Chrysin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Cinnamon, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">CoQ10, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Crocetin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Curcumin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">dietMed, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">dietMet, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">dietSTF, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">EGCG, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Ellagic acid, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Exercise, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Ferulic Acid, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Fisetin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Flav, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">FLS, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Folic Acid (5-MTHF, L-methylfolate)-reduce homocysteine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Galantamine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Ginger, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Ginkgo biloba, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Ginseng, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Honokiol, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Huperzine A, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">hydrogen gas, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Lecithin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Lutein, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Luteolin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Lycopene, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">M-Blu, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Moringa oleifera, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Mushroom Lion’s Mane, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">MSM, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">MCToil, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">NAD, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Naringenin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">PEMF, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Piperine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Phenylbutyrate, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Phosphatidylserine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Piperlongumine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Potassium, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">probiotics, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Propolis, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Pterostilbene, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Quercetin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Resveratrol, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Rivastigmine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Rosmaric Acid(reduce copper-induced neurotoxicity), SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Rutin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Safflower yellow, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Sage, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">SAMe, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">selenium, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Serotonin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Shankhpushpi, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Shikonin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Shilajit/Fulvic Acid, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">silicon(reduce Alum bioavialability), SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Sulforaphane, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Taurine, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">TQ, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Ursolic Acid SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin B1, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin B2, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin B3, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin B5, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin B6, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin B12, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin E, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin D, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Vitamin K2 SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Zeaxanthin, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">zinc, SOD&w23=HO-1&w24=PGE2&w25=Inflam&w26=NF-kB&w27= IL1β&w28=TNF-α">Aluminium has a negative impact on cognition but silicon can decrease Alumunium bioavailability, and Vitamin K2 may provide some protection. Example So does RMF Brain Energy Systems Matrix (AD)Tier 1–2 as “core metabolic cofactors / redox pools”Tier 4 as “alternative fuels / bypass strategies” Tier 5–6 as “capacity + delivery constraints” (often explains why supplements don’t translate)
TSF (Time-Scale Flag): P = 0–30 min, R = 30 min–3 hr, G = >3 hr (adaptation/phenotype). Evidence: "Strong (human)" = consistent clinical/epidemiologic support; "Moderate" = mixed but plausible human signals; "Emerging" = early-stage human; "Mechanistic" = preclinical/biochemical rationale. |
| 3972- | ACNs, | Recent Research on the Health Benefits of Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 2657- | AL, | Allicin pharmacology: Common molecular mechanisms against neuroinflammation and cardiovascular diseases |
| - | Review, | CardioV, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 2660- | AL, | Allicin: A review of its important pharmacological activities |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3550- | ALA, | Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Alpha-Lipoic Acid: Beneficial or Harmful in Alzheimer's Disease? |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3547- | ALA, | Potential Therapeutic Effects of Lipoic Acid on Memory Deficits Related to Aging and Neurodegeneration |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 3545- | ALA, | Potential therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid in memory disorders |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 4280- | Api, | Protective effects of apigenin in neurodegeneration: An update on the potential mechanisms |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 3884- | Api, | Neuroprotective, Anti-Amyloidogenic and Neurotrophic Effects of Apigenin in an Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 4303- | Ash, | Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)—Current Research on the Health-Promoting Activities: A Narrative Review |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 5425- | ASTX, | Multiple roles of fucoxanthin and astaxanthin against Alzheimer's disease: Their pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 5508- | Ba, | Neuroprotective effects of baicalin and baicalein on the central nervous system and the underlying mechanisms |
| - | Review, | Stroke, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 2605- | Ba, | BA, | Potential therapeutic effects of baicalin and baicalein |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA | - | Review, | IBD, | NA | - | Review, | Arthritis, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 2689- | BBR, | Berberine protects against glutamate-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 and N2a cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | PC12 | - | in-vitro, | AD, | NA | - | in-vitro, | Stroke, | NA |
| 5631- | BCA, | Perspectives Regarding the Role of Biochanin A in Humans |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 5633- | BCA, | Mechanisms Behind the Pharmacological Application of Biochanin-A: A review |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3690- | BM, | Neurocognitive Effect of Nootropic Drug Brahmi (Bacopa monnieri) in Alzheimer's Disease |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 5656- | BNL, | Role of borneol as enhancer in drug formulation: A review |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 2775- | Bos, | The journey of boswellic acids from synthesis to pharmacological activities |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | PSA, | NA |
| 2768- | Bos, | Boswellic acids as promising agents for the management of brain diseases |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 5768- | CAPE, | Neuroprotective Potential of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) in CNS Disorders: Mechanistic and Therapeutic Insights |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 5927- | CAR, | Neuroprotective Potential and Underlying Pharmacological Mechanism of Carvacrol for Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 5925- | CAR, | Neuroprotective effects of carvacrol against Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases: A review |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3869- | Carno, | Carnosine, Small but Mighty—Prospect of Use as Functional Ingredient for Functional Food Formulation |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 5952- | Cela, | Celastrol attenuates Alzheimer’s disease-mediated learning and memory impairment by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation and oxidative stress |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 6002- | CGA, | Chlorogenic Acid: A Systematic Review on the Biological Functions, Mechanistic Actions, and Therapeutic Potentials |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | Diabetic, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3992- | CoQ10, | Coenzyme Q10 |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3624- | Cro, | Crocus Sativus L. (Saffron) in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment: Bioactive Effects on Cognitive Impairment |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3627- | Cro, | The effects of Crocus sativus (saffron) and its constituents on nervous system: A review |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3631- | Cro, | Investigation of the neuroprotective effects of crocin via antioxidant activities in HT22 cells and in mice with Alzheimer's disease |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | HT22 | - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 3794- | CUR, | Curcumin hybrid molecules for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Structure and pharmacological activities |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3795- | CUR, | Curcumin: A Golden Approach to Healthy Aging: A Systematic Review of the Evidence |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3581- | CUR, | Curcumin Attenuated Neurotoxicity in Sporadic Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease |
| - | NA, | AD, | NA |
| 3574- | CUR, | The effect of curcumin (turmeric) on Alzheimer's disease: An overview |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 2688- | CUR, | Effects of resveratrol, curcumin, berberine and other nutraceuticals on aging, cancer development, cancer stem cells and microRNAs |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 2818- | CUR, | Novel Insight to Neuroprotective Potential of Curcumin: A Mechanistic Review of Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and PI3/Akt/ GSK3 or PI3/Akt/CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathways |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3591- | EGCG, | Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Provides Protection Against Alzheimer's Disease-Induced Learning and Memory Impairments in Rats |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 3783- | FA, | Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Ferulic Acid-Piperazine Derivatives Targeting Pathological Hallmarks of Alzheimer’s Disease |
| - | NA, | AD, | NA |
| 3780- | FA, | Ferulic Acid: A Natural Antioxidant with Application Towards Neuroprotection Against Alzheimer’s Disease |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3778- | FA, | Recent Advances in the Neuroprotective Properties of Ferulic Acid in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3712- | FA, | Ferulic Acid: A Hope for Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy from Plants |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3713- | FA, | Protective Effect of Ferulic Acid on Acetylcholinesterase and Amyloid Beta Peptide Plaque Formation in Alzheimer’s Disease: An In Vitro Study |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3714- | FA, | Recent Advances in the Neuroprotective Properties of Ferulic Acid in Alzheimer's Disease: A Narrative Review |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3721- | Gb, | Ginkgo biloba Extract in Alzheimer’s Disease: From Action Mechanisms to Medical Practice |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 2869- | HNK, | Nature's neuroprotector: Honokiol and its promise for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 4292- | LT, | Luteolin for neurodegenerative diseases: a review |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | MS, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 2916- | LT, | Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 4231- | Lut, | Luteolin and its antidepressant properties: From mechanism of action to potential therapeutic application |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3528- | Lyco, | The Importance of Antioxidant Activity for the Health-Promoting Effect of Lycopene |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
| 3268- | Lyco, | Lycopene as a Natural Antioxidant Used to Prevent Human Health Disorders |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:38 Cells:% prod#:% Target#:298 State#:% Dir#:2
wNotes=0 sortOrder:rid,rpid