other Cancer Research Results

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AD, Alzheimer's Disease: Click to Expand ⟱
In Alzheimer's disease (AD), cholinergic dysfunction (often with reduced acetylcholine tone and impaired choline metabolism) is linked with cortical dysfunction, memory deficit, abnormal cerebral blood flow, task learning difficulty, sleep-cycle disruption, and neurodevelopmental effects (context-dependent).
CORE HALLMARKS / HIGH-CONFIDENCE AXES:
- tau and Aβ, their accumulation in AD brains is known to be a major hallmark.
  In AD, PP2A↓ activity is decreased (reported), contributing to hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation.
  SIRT-1↓ levels in AD brains are associated with accumulation of Aβ and tau (reported).
- glucose metabolism↓ (brain glucose hypometabolism) occurs in AD long before significant clinical signs in many cohorts/models (reported).
- Neuroinflammation / lipid mediator tone (reported): 5-LOX↑ and PGE2↑ (model-/region-dependent).
- Synaptic vulnerability (reported): PSD95↓ in hippocampus and cortex; restoring PSD95 shows cognitive benefits in models.
- Clearance/transport imbalance (reported): IDE↓, NEP↓, LRP1↓, and AEP↑ protein levels in AD brains (reported).

COMMONLY REPORTED DIRECTIONAL CHANGES (model/region/compartment dependent):
- Monoamines (reported): concentrations of 5-HTP↓, 5-HT(seratonin)↓, and 5-HIAA↓ are lower in Alzheimer's patients (varies by region/study).
- Cholinergic system (clinical target): reduction in ACh↓ production; ChAT↓ activity reduced (synthesizes ACh).
- Four key enzymes frequently targeted in AD symptom/adjunct strategies: AChE, BChE, MAOA, MAOB (objective inhibit).
- Neurotrophic tone (reported): BDNF↓ in key regions.
  - Stress can decrease expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
- Kinase/protease stress (reported): CDK5↑ hyperactivation; calpain↑ overactivated by increased intracellular Ca²⁺ → p-tau and aggregation.
- Aβ-linked synaptic regulator (reported): STEP↑ upregulated largely due to Aβ oligomer accumulation.
- α-secretase axis (reported): ADAM10↓ downregulated in AD brains.
- Metabolic cofactors (reported): ALC↓ (ALCAR); Homocarnosine↓ (CSF declines with age); possible low Taurine↓ (age-related + dementia reports).
- Ion/glutamate handling (reported): impaired glutamate clearance + depressed Na+/K+ ATPase → cellular ion imbalance risk.
- Aging reduces NAD⁺↓ (in AD depletion may be more severe).
- Mitochondrial capacity axis (reported): PGC-1↓ decreased in Alzheimer’s brains.
- Innate immune DNA-sensing axis (animal): cGAS–STING↑ elevation observed in AD mice and normalized by NR treatment.
- Vascular/structure (reported): a profound change in BBB permeability; progressive brain shrinkage (atrophy).
- Glycation axis (reported): AGEs↑ and RAGE↑ expression.

HOMOCYSTEINE / B-VITAMIN AXIS:
- Raised plasma total homocysteine (tHcy)↑ associated with cognitive impairment, AD, or vascular dementia (epidemiology).
  - Homocysteine can build up if vitamin B6, B12, or folate levels are low.
  - Homocysteine and B-vitamin in Cognitive Impairment (VITACOG) study.
  - Vit B6 might be an important B vitamin (often discussed along with B12 and folate).
- Thiamine↓ deficiency produces a cholinergic deficit (well-aligned with AD features).
- Decreased thiamine (B1) in AD may exacerbate Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, and oxidative stress (reported).

MICRONUTRIENTS / CAROTENOIDS (reported; compartment-dependent):
- vitamin A↓ and β-carotene↓ lower in some AD cohorts; excess retinol may contribute to osteoporosis risk.
- Diminished circulating vitamin E↓ reported in AD.
- Vitamin B5↓ in multiple brain regions (reported).
- Trace elements: patients with AD reported lower serum Se, Cu, and Zn↓ (serum findings vary by study).
- Brain metals: some studies report higher brain copper↑ and iron↑ in specific regions/structures; compartment and region matter.
  Rosmarinic acid reported to reduce copper-induced neurotoxicity in vitro/in vivo and may interfere with amyloid–copper interactions (preclinical).
- SAMe↓ concentrations in CSF reported in AD.
- MPOD often reduced in AD patients.
- AD brains reported lower levels of lutein↓, zeaxanthin↓, anhydrolutein↓, (VitA)retinol↓, lycopene↓, alpha-tocopherol↓.

RISK CONTEXT:
- Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) genotype is the strongest known genetic risk factor for late-onset AD.
  - One copy of ApoE4: ~3–4× increased risk (range varies by cohort).
  - Two copies: ~8–12× increased risk (range varies).
  - VitK lower in circulating blood of APOE4 carriers (reported).
- Type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, stroke, diet, and above all, aging is the number ONE risk factor.

Treatments / Strategy Targets (high-level):
- Early intervention tends to have a greater positive effect than interventions during middle or late stages.
- BOLD fMRI imaging can be used to observe brain activity via blood oxygen/flow changes.
- Reduce ROS and inflammation in the brain (context-dependent; avoid over-suppressing adaptive signaling).
- Inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (which breaks down ACh), e.g., donepezil, rivastigmine.
- Natural AChE inhibitors include: Berberine, Luteolin, Crocetin(saffron), Querctin, TQ
- Natural AChE inhibitors in database (check BBB pass potential).
- MAOB inhibitors, APP inhibitors, PGE2 inhibitors, NLRP3 inhibitors, BACE inhibitors
- BDNF activators, PSD95 activator
- STEP, ADAM10
- Diets with an adequate ratio (5:1) of omega-6:3 (Mediterranean diet).
- Vitamins B1, B6, B12, B9 (folic acid) and D, choline, iron and iodine exert neuroprotective effects (general nutrition framing).
- Antioxidants (vitamins C, E, A, zinc, selenium, lutein and zeaxanthin).
- Fiber may promote gut microbiome diversity influencing brain health.
- Supplementing with NAD⁺ precursors (NR or NMN) improves cognition and reduces amyloid/tau pathologies in AD mice (animal evidence).
- "It is advisable to consume diets with an adequate ratio (5:1) of omega-6:3 fatty acids (Mediterranean diet) ... antioxidants ... role in oxidative stress ... cognition." Nutrition Strategies
- Reduction of cognitive decline may be achieved by following a healthy dietary pattern limiting added sugars while maximizing fish, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds.

SeNPs may also be useful as a Drug Delivery System.


Related Pathways to research in this database (products that modulate them):
- neuroprotective, cognitive, memory
- Aβ aggregation, Tau↓, AChE↓, ACh↑, ChAT↑, acetyl-CoA↑, BDNF↑, BACE↓, NLRP3↓, PSD95↑, PGE2↓, homoC↓
- Increasing AntiOxidants: Catalase↑, GSH↑, SOD↑, HO-1↑, to decrease ROS↓
- Lower Inflammation: TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, IL6↓

Natural Products that may benefit AD.
-Some key pathways are highlighted in RED in the following links
Acetyl-L-carnitine, ALA, Apigenin, Anthocyanins Blueberrys, Aromatherapy, Artemisinin, Ashwagandha,
β-carotene(vitamin A), Bacopa monnieri, Baicalein, Baicalin, Berberine, Betulinic acid, Boron, Boswellia (frankincense),
Caffeic acid, Caffeine, Capsaicin, Carnosine, Carnosic acid, Chlorogenic acid, Choline, Chrysin, Cinnamon, CoQ10, Crocetin, Curcumin,
dietMed, dietMet, dietSTF, EGCG, Ellagic acid, Exercise, Ferulic Acid, Fisetin, Flav, FLS, Folic Acid (5-MTHF, L-methylfolate)-reduce homocysteine,
Galantamine, Ginger, Ginkgo biloba, Ginseng,
Honokiol, Huperzine A, hydrogen gas, Lecithin, Lutein, Luteolin, Lycopene,
M-Blu, Moringa oleifera, Mushroom Lion’s Mane, MSM, MCToil, NAD, Naringenin,
PEMF, Piperine, Phenylbutyrate, Phosphatidylserine, Piperlongumine, Potassium, probiotics, Propolis, Pterostilbene,
Quercetin, Resveratrol, Rivastigmine, Rosmaric Acid(reduce copper-induced neurotoxicity), Rutin,
Safflower yellow, Sage, SAMe, selenium, Serotonin, Shankhpushpi, Shikonin, Shilajit/Fulvic Acid, silicon(reduce Alum bioavialability), Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin, Sulforaphane,
Taurine, TQ, Ursolic Acid
Vitamin B1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin B3, Vitamin B5, Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Vitamin E, Vitamin D, Vitamin K2
Zeaxanthin, zinc,

Aluminium has a negative impact on cognition but silicon can decrease Alumunium bioavailability, and Vitamin K2 may provide some protection. Example So does RMF

Brain Energy Systems Matrix (AD)

Tier 1–2 as “core metabolic cofactors / redox pools”
Tier 4 as “alternative fuels / bypass strategies”
Tier 5–6 as “capacity + delivery constraints” (often explains why supplements don’t translate)
Tier Rank Node / Lever What it Supports (Bioenergetic Role) Key Enzymes / Targets AD-Relevant Mechanism TSF Evidence Common Constraints / Gotchas
11 Thiamine (B1) / TPP Glucose → acetyl-CoA entry + TCA throughput + NADPH support PDH, α-KGDH, Transketolase (PPP) Addresses cerebral glucose hypometabolism; improves mitochondrial flux; PPP→NADPH supports redox R, G Mechanistic + small clinical Benefit strongest if low status; standard thiamine vs lipophilic derivatives differ
12 Benfotiamine Higher-bioavailability B1 strategy Transketolase ↑; glycation axis ↓ AGE/RAGE burden reduction + metabolic support (model/trial dependent) G Small clinical + mechanistic Not a “rapid” effect; mostly longer-term metabolic/toxicity load reduction
13 Riboflavin (B2) / FAD, FMN ETC redox enzymes + mitochondrial dehydrogenases Complex I/II flavoproteins; many oxidoreductases Supports electron handling; can be limiting in mitochondrial enzyme insufficiency R, G Mechanistic Direct AD cognitive trial support limited; “helps” mostly when deficient or enzyme-limited
14 Niacin forms (B3) → NAD pool NAD+/NADH redox + signaling + repair NAD salvage; sirtuins; PARP substrate NAD decline is an aging/inflammation theme; supports mitochondrial redox capacity R, G Emerging human + mechanistic Different forms behave differently; NAD raising ≠ guaranteed clinical cognition benefit
15 Pantothenic acid (B5) → CoA Acetyl-CoA formation; lipid metabolism; TCA entry CoA biosynthesis; acetylation capacity Foundational for fuel oxidation and acetylation balance G Mechanistic Often overlooked; deficiency uncommon but suboptimal intake can matter in frailty
16 Magnesium ATP handling (Mg-ATP) + enzyme kinetics ATP-dependent enzymes; synaptic function Supports neuronal energy usage + plasticity; deficiency can worsen excitotoxic vulnerability R, G Supportive human + mechanistic Form/absorption variability; renal constraints for supplementation in some patients
21 NAD+ precursors (NR/NMN/NA/NAM) Restores NAD+ availability for redox + signaling NAMPT salvage; sirtuins; PARPs; CD38 Supports mitochondrial function; may improve resilience under oxidative/repair load R, G Animal > human (emerging) NAD “sinks” (CD38/PARP) can dominate; response varies by inflammation/age
22 Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) Mitochondrial redox cofactor + antioxidant recycling PDH/α-KGDH cofactor; GSH recycling support Improves redox tone and mitochondrial efficiency (signals strongest in metabolic/oxidative phenotypes) R, G Small AD trials + mechanistic “Antioxidant” framing can be misleading—main value is mitochondrial/redox coupling support
23 Glutathione system support Detox + peroxide handling GSH, GPx, GR, NADPH supply (PPP) Reduces oxidative damage load that impairs mitochondria/synapses R, G Mechanistic GSH depends on substrates + NADPH; pushing one component may not fix system
24 Selenium (GPx capacity) Peroxide detox via selenoenzymes Glutathione peroxidases Supports antioxidant enzyme capacity (context-dependent) G Mixed human Narrower safety margin; avoid “more is better” mindset
31 CoQ10 (ubiquinone) ETC electron carrier (I/II→III) + membrane redox Complex I/II→III transfer Supports OXPHOS efficiency; may reduce electron leak under some conditions R, G Limited AD-specific Bioavailability/formulation matters; AD cognition data not robust
32 Cardiolipin / mitochondrial membranes (support axis) ETC supercomplex stability; cristae integrity Inner mitochondrial membrane architecture Membrane integrity affects ETC efficiency and ROS leak G Mechanistic Hard to “target” nutritionally in a clean way; effects indirect
33 Iron / copper homeostasis (burden control) Prevents metal-catalyzed oxidative damage Fenton chemistry burden; metal transport/storage Metal dyshomeostasis can amplify ROS and mitochondrial injury R, G Mechanistic + mixed human “Chelation” is not casually safe; needs careful framing and evidence
41 Ketone utilization (BHB/acetoacetate axis) Alternative brain fuel bypassing glucose bottlenecks MCT1/2 transport; ketolysis enzymes Addresses brain glucose hypometabolism by providing alternate substrate R, G Moderate (human MCI/AD signals exist) GI tolerance and adherence; response varies by genotype/metabolic status
42 Creatine / phosphocreatine shuttle ATP buffering and rapid energy stabilization Creatine kinase system May stabilize energy during stress; supports muscle/functional reserve that impacts cognition indirectly G Limited AD CNS benefit uncertain; stronger for muscle/functional outcomes
43 Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) Fatty acid oxidation support + acetyl group handling Carnitine shuttle; acetyl-CoA support May support mitochondrial energy and neuronal function (mixed clinical results) R, G Mixed human Benefits heterogeneous; not a universal cognitive improver
44 Medium-chain triglycerides (MCT oil → ketones) Rapid ketone support strategy Hepatic ketogenesis; brain ketone uptake Practical ketone-raising approach for some phenotypes R, G Moderate human GI effects; calorie load; titration matters
51 AMPK → PGC-1α biogenesis axis Mitochondrial number/quality regulation AMPK, PGC-1α, SIRT1 Supports long-term mitochondrial capacity and stress resistance G Mechanistic Most effects are slow; many “activators” are indirect and context-dependent
52 Mitophagy / autophagy quality control Removes damaged mitochondria PINK1/Parkin axis; autophagy machinery Damaged mitochondria drive ROS and energy failure; quality control is protective in theory G Mechanistic Autophagy modulation is double-edged; oversimplified “more autophagy = good” is risky
53 Exercise signaling (the “master cofactor”) Improves vascular + mitochondrial + neurotrophic tone BDNF; insulin sensitivity; AMPK/PGC-1α Most evidence-backed multi-pathway energy intervention for aging brain R, G Strong (human) Adherence/ability constraints; must be individualized
61 Cerebral perfusion / vascular health Fuel + oxygen delivery and waste clearance support Neurovascular unit; endothelial function Vascular dysfunction worsens hypometabolism and inflammation R, G Strong (human) Often upstream of “supplement” efficacy; if delivery is poor, cofactors underperform
62 Sleep / glymphatic clearance Waste clearance & metabolic recovery Glymphatic system; circadian regulation Supports clearance of metabolic byproducts; indirectly supports energy balance G Strong (human) Often neglected; impacts cognition and inflammation strongly
63 Oxygen utilization context (respiratory capacity) Oxidative metabolism support OXPHOS dependence If oxygen delivery/usage is limited, pushing mitochondrial cofactors won’t fully translate R, G Supportive More about system constraints than a “node to supplement”

TSF (Time-Scale Flag): P = 0–30 min, R = 30 min–3 hr, G = >3 hr (adaptation/phenotype). Evidence: "Strong (human)" = consistent clinical/epidemiologic support; "Moderate" = mixed but plausible human signals; "Emerging" = early-stage human; "Mechanistic" = preclinical/biochemical rationale.



Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
5296- 5-HTP,    Serotonergic Regulation in Alzheimer’s Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*Risk↓, *5HT↓, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Mood↑, *other↑, *other↑,
3941- 5HT,  dietMed,  VitB12,  FA,  VitC  Nutrition strategies that improve cognitive function
- Review, AD, NA
*other↑, *other↓, *cognitive↑, *eff↑, *eff↑,
3972- ACNs,    Recent Research on the Health Benefits of Blueberries and Their Anthocyanins
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↓, *GutMicro↑, *Half-Life↑, *LDL↓, *adiP↓, *HDL↑, *CRP↓, *IL1β↓, *Risk↓, *Risk↓, *cognitive↑, *memory↑, *other↑, *BOLD↑, *NO↓, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *VitC↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *eff↓, *eff↓, *eff↓, *eff↝, *Risk↓,
2660- AL,    Allicin: A review of its important pharmacological activities
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *cardioP↑, *hepatoP↑, *BBB↑, *Half-Life↝, *H2S↑, *BP↓, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *GutMicro↑, *LDH↓, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *antiOx↑, *other↑, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *MPO↓, *eff↑, *NRF2↑, *Keap1↓, *TBARS↓, *creat↓, *LDH↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *memory↑, chemoP↑, IL8↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp12↑, p38↑, Fas↑, P53↑, P21↑, CHK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, GSH↓, ROS↑, TumCCA↑, Hif1a↓, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, TumCMig↓, STAT3↓, VEGFR2↓, p‑FAK↓,
3548- ALA,    How Alpha Linolenic Acid May Sustain Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity and Boost Brain Resilience against Alzheimer’s Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*BBB↑, *other↑, *other↑, *DHA↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *other?,
4135- Alum,    Aluminum Should Now Be Considered a Primary Etiological Factor in Alzheimer's Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*Risk↑, *cognitive↓, *neuroP↓, *other↑, *other↝,
3822- Aroma,    Aromatherapy in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review
- Review, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *other↑, *other↓, *BioAv↑, *BBB?,
3694- BM,    Use of Bacopa monnieri in the Treatment of Dementia Due to Alzheimer Disease: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
- Review, AD, NA
*cognitive∅, *other↑,
5925- CAR,    Neuroprotective effects of carvacrol against Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases: A review
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *AChE↓, *BBB↑, *cardioP↑, *neuroP↑, *memory↑, *TAC↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *NRF2↑, *cognitive↑, *IL1β↓, *COX2↓, *TNF-α↓, *TLR4↓, *BDNF↑, *PKCδ↑, *5LO↓, *TRPM7↓, *GSH↑, *other↑, *Ferroptosis↓, *GPx4↑,
3880- Carno,    EFFECT OF ANSERINE/CARNOSINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
- Trial, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *other↑,
5943- Cela,    Celastrol: A Spectrum of Treatment Opportunities in Chronic Diseases
- Review, Arthritis, NA - Review, IBD, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*other↝, *other↝, *CRP↓, *eff↝, *other↑, *CXCR4↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL17↓, *IL18↓, *TNF-α↓, *MMP9↓, *PGE2↓, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *PI3K↓, *Akt↓, *other↑, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, JNK↑, TumAuto↑, Hif1a↓, BNIP3↝, HSP90↓, Fas↑, FasL↑, ETC↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, RadioS↑, *neuroP↑, *HSP70/HSPA5↑, *ROS↓, *MMP↑, *Cyt‑c↓, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *MAPK↓, *Dose⇅, *HSPs↑, BioAv↓, Dose↝,
3994- CoQ10,  Se,    Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation in Aging and Disease
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*AntiAge↑, *cardioP↑, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *lipid-P↓, *QoL↑, *neuroP↑, *Dose↝, *BP↓, *IGF-1↑, *IGFBP1↑, *eff↑, *LDL↓, *HDL↑, *eff↑, *other↑, *RenoP↑, *ROS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *other↝, *other∅,
3627- Cro,    The effects of Crocus sativus (saffron) and its constituents on nervous system: A review
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*other↑, *monoA↑, *Aβ↓, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *ROS↓, *GPx↑, *MDA↓, *memory↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *other↓, *ER Stress↓,
2818- CUR,    Novel Insight to Neuroprotective Potential of Curcumin: A Mechanistic Review of Possible Involvement of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and PI3/Akt/ GSK3 or PI3/Akt/CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathways
- Review, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *cognitive↑, *cardioP↑, other↑, *COX2↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, *PGE2↓, *iNOS↓, *NO↓, *IL2↓, *IL4↓, *IL6↓, *INF-γ↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *STAT↓, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *Catalase↑, *GSR↓, *LDH↓, *H2O2↓, *Casp3↓, *Casp9↓, *NRF2↑, *AIF↓, *ATP↑,
4138- Ex,    Relationship Between Exercise and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Literature Review
- Review, AD, NA
*other↑, *Risk↓, *cognitive↑,
4141- Ex,    Effects of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor in Alzheimer's disease models: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Review, AD, NA
*BDNF↑, *other↑, *eff↑,
4069- FA,    Folate, folic acid and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate are not the same thing
- Review, AD, NA
*other↑, *BioAv↝, *other↝, *eff↑,
4108- FLS,    Improvement of olfactory function in AD mice mediated by immune responses under 40 Hz light flickering
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*other↑,
4002- Gins,    Improvement of cognitive deficit in Alzheimer's disease patients by long term treatment with korean red ginseng
- Trial, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *other↑,
4012- K+,    Abnormal potassium-channel function in platelets in Alzheimer's disease
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*other↑, *other↝,
4009- K+,    Na+ and K+ ion imbalances in Alzheimer’s disease
- Human, AD, NA
*other↝, *other↑,
3979- Lut,    Increases in Plasma Lutein through Supplementation Are Correlated with Increases in Physical Activity and Reductions in Sedentary Time in Older Adults
- Trial, AD, NA
*other↑, *QoL↑,
3981- Lut,  Zeax,  VitE,    Omega-3 fatty acid, carotenoid and vitamin E supplementation improves working memory in older adults: A randomised clinical trial
- Trial, AD, NA
*memory↑, *other↑, *cognitive↑,
3983- Lut,  Zeax,    The impact of supplemental macular carotenoids in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized clinical trial
- Trial, AD, NA
*other↑, *other↑, *cognitive∅,
3905- MCT,    Medium Chain Triglycerides induce mild ketosis and may improve cognition in Alzheimer's disease. A systematic review and meta-analysis of human studies
- Review, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *KeyT↑, *eff↑, *other↑, *toxicity↓,
1778- MEL,    Melatonin: a well-documented antioxidant with conditional pro-oxidant actions
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*ROS↓, *antiOx↓, ROS↑, selectivity↑, Dose↑, *mitResp↑, *ATP↑, *ROS↓, eff↑, ROS↑, Dose↑, *toxicity∅, ROS↑, eff↓, ROS↝, Dose↑, other↑,
4220- PI,    Piperine ameliorated memory impairment and myelin damage in lysolecethin induced hippocampal demyelination
- in-vivo, AD, NA - in-vivo, MS, NA
*memory↑, *iNOS↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *TAC↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *NF-kB↓, *IL10↑, *FOXP3↑, *BDNF↑, other↑,
3595- PI,    Black pepper and health claims: a comprehensive treatise
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *chemoP↑, TumCG↓, *cognitive↑, *MMPs↓, *PGE2↓, *AP-1↓, *5LO↓, *COX1↓, *other↑, *other↑, *other↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSTs↑, *GSR↑, *other↑, *Weight↓, *BioEnh↑, *BioAv↑, *eff↑, *CYP3A2↓, *neuroP↑, *BP↓, *other↑,
3917- PS,    Phosphatidylserine, inflammation, and central nervous system diseases
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *Choline↑, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *Ach↑, *eff↑, *eff↑, *BioEnh↑, other↑,
3911- PS,  VitE,    Cognitive effects of a dietary supplement made from extract of Bacopa monnieri, astaxanthin, phosphatidylserine, and vitamin E in subjects with mild cognitive impairment: a noncomparative, exploratory clinical study
- Human, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *other↑,
3612- RES,    Resveratrol in Alzheimer's disease: a review of pathophysiology and therapeutic potential
- Review, AD, NA
*other↑, *Aβ↓, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *neuroP↑, *HO-1↑, *lipid-P↓, *COX2↓, *AMPK↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GSR↑, *ROS↓, *MMP9↓, *cognitive↑, *SIRT1↑, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓,
3099- RES,    Resveratrol and cognitive decline: a clinician perspective
- Review, Nor, NA - NA, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *cognitive↑, *neuroP↑, *SIRT1↑, *AMPK↑, *GPx↑, *HO-1↑, *GSK‐3β↑, *COX2↓, *PGE2↓, *NF-kB↓, *NO↓, *Casp3↓, *MMP3↓, *MMP9↓, *MMP↑, *GSH↑, *other↑, *BioAv↑, *memory↑, *GlutMet↑, *BioAv↓, *Half-Life↓, *toxicity∅,
3938- SAMe,    S-adenosyl-L-methionine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
- Human, AD, NA
*other↑,
4114- SAMe,    S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Clinician-Oriented Review of Research
- Review, AD, NA
*Mood↑, *BBB↑, *5HT↑, *p‑tau↓, *Aβ↓, *other↑,
6064- SeNPs,    Multifunctional selenium-doped carbon dots for modulating Alzheimer's disease related toxic ions, inhibiting amyloid aggregation and scavenging reactive oxygen species
- NA, AD, NA
*Aβ↓, *ROS↓, *other↑,
3963- Taur,    Past Taurine Intake Has a Positive Effect on Present Cognitive Function in the Elderly
- Human, AD, NA
*Risk↓, *other↑,
3962- Taur,    The Development of Taurine Supplementary Menus for the Prevention of Dementia and Their Positive Effect on the Cognitive Function in the Elderly with Dementia
- Human, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *other↑,
3961- Taur,    Effects of Dietary Taurine Supplementation on Blood and Urine Taurine Concentrations in the Elderly Women with Dementia
- Human, AD, NA
*other↑, *cognitive↑,
3960- Taur,    Versatile Triad Alliance: Bile Acid, Taurine and Microbiota
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *GABA↑, *memory↑, *cognitive↑, *iNOS↓, *CRP↓, *HO-1↑, *Prx↑, *Trx↑, *NRF2↑, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *lipid-P↓, *MDA↓, *eff↝, *GutMicro↑, other↑,
3959- Taur,    Taurine Directly Binds to Oligomeric Amyloid-β and Recovers Cognitive Deficits in Alzheimer Model Mice
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *Aβ∅, *other↑,
3952- Taur,    Taurine and Astrocytes: A Homeostatic and Neuroprotective Relationship
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Ca+2↓, *neuroP↑, *other↑, *Dose↝, *PKCδ↓, *VGCC↓, *GABA↑,
5904- TV,    Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, Diabetic, NA - Review, Obesity, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Arthritis, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Bacteria↓, AntiTum↑, IronCh↑, *HDL↑, *LDL↓, *BioAv↝, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↑, *SOD↑, *GPx↑, *GSTs↑, *eff↑, radioP↑, *MDA↓, *other↑, *COX1↓, *COX2↓, *AntiAg↑, *RNS↓, *NO↓, *H2O2↓, *NOS2↓, *NADH↓, *Imm↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, angioG↓, TumCMig↓, Ca+2↑, TumCCA↑, DNAdam↑, BAX↑, Casp9↑, Casp8↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, AIF↑, i-ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, APAF1↑, Ca+2↑, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, PKCδ↓, ERK↓, H2O2↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, DNAdam↑, lipid-P↑, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑, *cardioP↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *GSH↑, *BP↓, *AntiDiabetic↑, *Obesity↓, RenoP↑, *GastroP↑, hepatoP↑, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *BChE↓, *other↓, *BioAv↑,
4037- VitB12,  FA,    Mechanistic Link between Vitamin B12 and Alzheimer’s Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *Inflam↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *other↑, *other↑, *other↑, *Aβ↓, *memory↑, *p‑tau↓, *APP↓, *BACE↓, *ATP↑, *neuroP↑,
4045- VitB12,  FA,    Cognitive and clinical outcomes of homocysteine-lowering B-vitamin treatment in mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial
- Trial, AD, NA
*homoC↓, *cognitive↑, *memory↑, *other↑,
4043- VitB12,  FA,    Preventing Alzheimer's disease-related gray matter atrophy by B-vitamin treatment
- Trial, AD, NA
*other↑, *other↑, *eff↝, *homoC↓, *cognitive↑,
4066- VitB12,  VitB6,  FA,    Vitamin B6, B12, and Folate’s Influence on Neural Networks in the UK Biobank Cohort
- Study, AD, NA
*other↓, *other↑, *other↑,
4052- VitB6,    B-Vitamin Intake and Biomarker Status in Relation to Cognitive Decline in Healthy Older Adults in a 4-Year Follow-Up Study
- Study, AD, NA
*neuroP↑, *other↑, *other↑, *cognitive↑, *eff↝, *Risk↑, *other↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 47 of 47

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 47

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

GSH↓, 1,   H2O2↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 1,   ROS↑, 5,   ROS↝, 1,   i-ROS↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

IronCh↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   ETC↓, 1,   MMP↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 2,   BAX↑, 2,   Bcl-2↓, 2,   Casp12↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 2,   Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 2,   Cyt‑c↑, 2,   Fas↑, 2,   FasL↑, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↑, 5,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

HSP90↓, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

BNIP3↝, 1,   TumAuto↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CHK1↓, 1,   DNAdam↑, 2,   P53↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 3,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 2,   p‑FAK↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumCP↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   Hif1a↓, 2,   VEGF↓, 2,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

IL8↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 1,   Dose↑, 3,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   AntiTum↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 64

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 2,   antiOx↑, 10,   Catalase↑, 6,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   GPx↑, 6,   GPx4↑, 1,   GSH↑, 8,   GSR↓, 1,   GSR↑, 2,   GSTs↑, 3,   H2O2↓, 2,   HDL↑, 3,   HO-1↑, 4,   Keap1↓, 1,   lipid-P↓, 7,   MDA↓, 8,   MPO↓, 1,   NADH↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 5,   Prx↑, 1,   RNS↓, 1,   ROS↓, 18,   SOD↑, 10,   TAC↑, 2,   TBARS↓, 1,   Trx↑, 1,   VitC↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↓, 1,   ATP↑, 3,   mitResp↑, 1,   MMP↑, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

adiP↓, 1,   ALAT↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 2,   CYP3A2↓, 1,   DHA↑, 1,   GlutMet↑, 1,   H2S↑, 1,   homoC↓, 2,   KeyT↑, 1,   LDH↓, 3,   LDL↓, 3,   SIRT1↑, 2,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 2,   Apoptosis↓, 2,   Casp3↓, 3,   Casp9↓, 2,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 4,   MAPK↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

Ach↑, 1,   other?, 1,   other↓, 5,   other↑, 56,   other↝, 7,   other∅, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,   HSPs↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Choline↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   IGF-1↑, 1,   IGFBP1↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 2,   STAT↓, 1,   TRPM7↓, 1,   VGCC↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

5LO↓, 2,   AntiAg↑, 1,   AP-1↓, 1,   APP↓, 1,   Ca+2↓, 1,   MMP3↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 3,   MMPs↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   PKCδ↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 5,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB?, 1,   BBB↑, 4,   GastroP↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX1↓, 3,   COX2↓, 7,   CRP↓, 3,   CXCR4↓, 1,   FOXP3↑, 1,   IL10↑, 1,   IL17↓, 1,   IL18↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 7,   IL2↓, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL6↓, 7,   Imm↑, 1,   INF-γ↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 12,   NF-kB↓, 4,   PGE2↓, 5,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 8,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

5HT↓, 1,   5HT↑, 1,   AChE↓, 3,   BChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 3,   GABA↑, 2,   monoA↑, 1,   p‑tau↓, 2,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 5,   Aβ∅, 1,   BACE↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 5,   BioAv↝, 2,   BioEnh↑, 2,   Dose⇅, 1,   Dose↝, 2,   eff↓, 3,   eff↑, 12,   eff↝, 5,   Half-Life↓, 1,   Half-Life↑, 1,   Half-Life↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   BP↓, 4,   creat↓, 1,   CRP↓, 3,   GutMicro↑, 3,   IL6↓, 7,   LDH↓, 3,   NOS2↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 1,   AntiDiabetic↑, 1,   BOLD↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 6,   chemoP↑, 1,   cognitive↓, 1,   cognitive↑, 25,   cognitive∅, 2,   hepatoP↑, 1,   memory↑, 10,   Mood↑, 2,   neuroP↓, 1,   neuroP↑, 16,   Obesity↓, 1,   QoL↑, 2,   RenoP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 6,   Risk↑, 2,   toxicity↓, 1,   toxicity∅, 2,   Weight↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 156

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: other, other
6 Folic Acid, Vit B9
6 Taurine
5 Vitamin B12
3 Lutein
2 Exercise
2 Potassium
2 Zeaxanthin
2 Vitamin E
2 Piperine
2 Phosphatidylserine
2 Resveratrol
2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine
2 Vitamin B6,pyridoxine
1 5-Hydroxytryptophan
1 Serotonin, 5-hydroxytryptamine
1 dietMediterranean
1 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
1 Anthocyanins
1 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
1 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
1 Aluminum
1 Aromatherapy
1 Bacopa monnieri
1 Carvacrol
1 Carnosine
1 Celastrol
1 Coenzyme Q10
1 Selenium
1 Crocetin
1 Curcumin
1 Flickering Light Stimulation
1 Ginseng
1 MCToil
1 Melatonin
1 Selenium NanoParticles
1 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:38  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:767  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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