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| (Also known as Hsp32 and HMOX1) HO-1 is the common abbreviation for the protein (heme oxygenase‑1) produced by the HMOX1 gene. HO-1 is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including the breakdown of heme, a toxic molecule. Research has shown that HO-1 is involved in the development and progression of cancer. -widely regarded as having antioxidant and cytoprotective effects -The overall activity of HO‑1 helps to reduce the pro‐oxidant load (by degrading free heme, a pro‑oxidant) and to generate molecules (like bilirubin) that can protect cells from oxidative damage Studies have found that HO-1 is overexpressed in various types of cancer, including lung, breast, colon, and prostate cancer. The overexpression of HO-1 in cancer cells can contribute to their survival and proliferation by: Reducing oxidative stress and inflammation Promoting angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) Inhibiting apoptosis (programmed cell death) Enhancing cell migration and invasion When HO-1 is at a normal level, it mainly exerts an antioxidant effect, and when it is excessively elevated, it causes an accumulation of iron ions. A proper cellular level of HMOX1 plays an antioxidative function to protect cells from ROS toxicity. However, its overexpression has pro-oxidant effects to induce ferroptosis of cells, which is dependent on intracellular iron accumulation and increased ROS content upon excessive activation of HMOX1. -Curcumin Activates the Nrf2 pathway leading to HO‑1 induction; known for its anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant effects. -Resveratrol Induces HO‑1 via activation of SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling; exhibits antioxidant and cardioprotective properties. -Quercetin Activates Nrf2 and related antioxidant pathways; contributes to anti‑oxidative and anti‑inflammatory responses. -EGCG Promotes HO‑1 expression through activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway; also exhibits anti‑inflammatory and anticancer properties. -Sulforaphane One of the most potent natural HO‑1 inducers; triggers Nrf2 nuclear translocation and upregulates a battery of phase II detoxifying enzymes. -Luteolin Induces HO‑1 via Nrf2 activation; may also exert anti‑inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in various cell models. -Apigenin Has been reported to induce HO‑1 expression partly via the MAPK and Nrf2 pathways; also known for anti‑inflammatory and anticancer activities. |
| Osteosarcoma is a type of cancer that starts in the bones. It is the most common type of bone cancer, and it usually affects children and young adults, although it can occur at any age. Osteosarcoma typically develops in the long bones of the body, such as the arms and legs, but it can also occur in other bones, including the pelvis and jaw. |
| 1410- | CUR, | Curcumin induces ferroptosis and apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells by regulating Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway |
| - | vitro+vivo, | OS, | MG63 |
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