Cyt‑c Cancer Research Results

Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
Cytochrome c
** The term "release of cytochrome c" ** an increase in level for the cytosol.
Small hemeprotein found loosely associated with the inner membrane of the mitochondrion where it plays a critical role in cellular respiration. Cytochrome c is highly water-soluble, unlike other cytochromes. It is capable of undergoing oxidation and reduction as its iron atom converts between the ferrous and ferric forms, but does not bind oxygen. It also plays a major role in cell apoptosis.

The term "release of cytochrome c" refers to a critical step in the process of programmed cell death, also known as apoptosis.
In its new location—the cytosol—cytochrome c participates in the apoptotic signaling pathway by helping to form the apoptosome, which activates caspases that execute cell death.
Cytochrome c is a small protein normally located in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Its primary role in healthy cells is to participate in the electron transport chain, a process that helps produce energy (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation.
Mitochondrial outer membrane permeability leads to the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria into the cytosol.
The release of cytochrome c is a pivotal event in apoptosis where cytochrome c moves from the mitochondria to the cytosol, initiating a chain reaction that leads to programmed cell death.

On the one hand, cytochrome c can promote cancer cell survival and proliferation by regulating the activity of various signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT pathway. This can lead to increased cell growth and resistance to apoptosis, which are hallmarks of cancer.
On the other hand, cytochrome c can also induce apoptosis in cancer cells by interacting with other proteins, such as Apaf-1 and caspase-9. This can lead to the activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, which can result in the death of cancer cells.
Overexpressed in Breast, Lung, Colon, and Prostrate.
Underexpressed in Ovarian, and Pancreatic.
OS, Osteosarcoma: Click to Expand ⟱
Osteosarcoma is a type of cancer that starts in the bones. It is the most common type of bone cancer, and it usually affects children and young adults, although it can occur at any age. Osteosarcoma typically develops in the long bones of the body, such as the arms and legs, but it can also occur in other bones, including the pelvis and jaw.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
4405- AgNPs,    Silver nanoparticles defeat p53-positive and p53-negative osteosarcoma cells by triggering mitochondrial stress and apoptosis
- in-vitro, OS, NA
Apoptosis↑, other↑, ROS↑, eff↑, P53↝, Apoptosis↑, cl‑Casp3↑, survivin↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑,
1523- Ba,    Baicalein induces human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 apoptosis via ROS-induced BNIP3 expression
- in-vitro, OS, MG63 - in-vitro, Nor, hFOB1.19
TumCD↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, eff↓, Casp3↑, Bcl-2↓, selectivity↑, Cyt‑c↑, LDH?, BNIP3?, BAX↑,
2012- CAP,    Capsaicin induces cytotoxicity in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells through TRPV1-dependent and -independent pathways
- NA, OS, MG63
AntiTum↑, Apoptosis↑, TRPV1↑, ROS↑, SOD↓, AMPK↑, P53↑, JNK↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, Ca+2↑, MMP↓,
2844- FIS,    Fisetin, a dietary flavonoid induces apoptosis via modulating the MAPK and PI3K/Akt signalling pathways in human osteosarcoma (U-2 OS) cells
- in-vitro, OS, U2OS
tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, BAX↑, BAD↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, ERK↓, p‑JNK↑, p‑cJun↑, p‑p38↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, mTORC1↓, PTEN↑, p‑GSK‐3β↓, GSK‐3β↑, NF-kB↓, IKKα↑, Cyt‑c↑,
5052- HPT,    Hyperthermia Induces Apoptosis through Endoplasmic Reticulum and Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Osteosarcoma Cells
- in-vitro, OS, U2OS
Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, Casp3↑, mtDam↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, Bak↑, BAX↓, ER Stress↑, Ca+2↝, cal2↑,
2007- SK,    Shikonin Directly Targets Mitochondria and Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, lymphoma, U937 - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, SkBr3 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, OS, U2OS - NA, Nor, RPE-1
tumCV↓, selectivity↑, Dose↝, other↑, MMP↓, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, Ca+2↑, Casp9↑, Cyt‑c↑, *toxicity↓,
5332- TFdiG,    Theaflavin-3,3′-digallate triggers apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells via the caspase pathway
- vitro+vivo, OS, 143B - in-vitro, OS, U2OS
tumCV↓, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp9↑, p‑γH2AX↑, BAX↑, Bak↑, Cyt‑c↑, Mcl-1↓, survivin↓, TumVol↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Dose↝, ROS↑, eff↓, TumW↓, Ki-67↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 7 of 7

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 7

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

ROS↑, 7,   SOD↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↓, 4,   mtDam↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMPK↑, 1,   LDH?, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 6,   BAD↑, 1,   Bak↑, 2,   BAX↓, 1,   BAX↑, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 4,   Bcl-xL↓, 2,   Casp3↑, 3,   cl‑Casp3↑, 3,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 2,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 7,   JNK↑, 1,   p‑JNK↑, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   p‑p38↑, 1,   survivin↓, 2,   TRPV1↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

p‑cJun↑, 1,   other↑, 2,   tumCV↓, 3,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

BNIP3?, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 1,   P53↑, 1,   P53↝, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 1,   p‑γH2AX↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   p‑GSK‐3β↓, 1,   mTORC1↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   PTEN↑, 1,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 2,   Ca+2↝, 1,   cal2↑, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

IKKα↑, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

Dose↝, 2,   eff↓, 2,   eff↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

Ki-67↓, 1,   LDH?, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiTum↑, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,   TumW↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 60

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Functional Outcomes ⓘ

toxicity↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 1

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol
1 Silver-NanoParticles
1 Baicalein
1 Capsaicin
1 Fisetin
1 Hyperthermia
1 Shikonin
1 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:46  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:77  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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