Mushroom Shiitake, AHCC / Bcl-2 Cancer Research Results

MushShi, Mushroom Shiitake, AHCC: Click to Expand ⟱
Features: immunoenhancer
Mushroom Shiitake, Active hexose correlated compound
Extracted from Basidiomycete mushrooms (eg, shiitake [Lentinula edodes]) that is purported to improve immune function.
Summary:
- Can significantly inhibit carcinogenesis and improve anti-tumor effects, thus increasing the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapy.
- Enhanced abundance of Akkermansia in the intestine of those who responded positively to the ICI(immune checkpoint inhibitors).

-Eat fermented foods then fibre to maintain them. Fruits and vegs for fibre Chicory root for fibre (inulin which is main prebiotic)

AHCC is mainly derived from the mycelium of Shiitake mushrooms.
• It is rich in polysaccharides that are believed to enhance immune function.
• The compound may influence various pathways in cancer, including boosting NK cell activity, modulating cytokine production, influencing the NF-kB inflammatory pathway, and reducing oxidative stress.

Pathways:
-Stimulate cytokine production (e.g., interleukins, tumor necrosis factor) and enhance the function of macrophages and dendritic cells.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28727820/

Component class Specific compound / fraction Typical source within shiitake Main structural type Approximate amount Main relevance Notes
Beta-glucan Lentinan Fruiting body cell wall; enriched by hot-water extraction β-(1→3) backbone with β-(1→6) branches; often triple-helix in active preparations About 4.1–5.5 mg/g dry weight in one quantified fruiting-body study; broader practical range often cited around 0.4–1.3% of dry weight Best-known shiitake anticancer / immunomodulatory beta-glucan This is the main named shiitake β-glucan. Amount varies a lot with strain, storage, and assay method.
Beta-glucan Total β-glucans Whole fruiting body, especially cap and stem cell walls Mixed fungal β-glucan pool, mostly β-linked wall glucans Pileus about 20.1–44.2% dry matter; stipe about 29.7–56.5% dry matter across cultivars Broad immune, fiber, and functional-food relevance Total β-glucan is much higher than lentinan alone. “Total β-glucan” should not be confused with lentinan content.
Beta-glucan β-(1→3),(1→6)-glucan fraction Purified polysaccharide fraction from shiitake Branched fungal β-glucan Usually reported as an isolated fraction rather than a fixed natural percentage Most likely to carry the classic lentinan-like immune activity This is the dominant medicinally relevant shiitake β-glucan architecture.
Beta-glucan β-(1→6)-glucan fraction Minor purified glucan fraction More linear / differently linked β-glucan fraction No reliable simple whole-mushroom percentage found Possible supportive bioactivity Reported in fractionation studies, but less emphasized than the β-(1→3),(1→6) fraction.
Alpha-glucan α-(1→3)-glucan fraction Cell-wall associated polysaccharide fraction α-glucan No simple whole-mushroom percentage established here Structural / possible adjunct bioactivity Important because shiitake contains more than just β-glucans.
Low-molecular-weight bioactive Eritadenine Free small molecule in caps, stems, and mycelium Purine-like alkaloid / adenine derivative Commonly reported around 50–70 mg/100 g dry weight in caps and 30–40 mg/100 g dry weight in stems; some reports are much higher depending on method Best known for cholesterol-lowering and methylation-related metabolic effects Not a glucan. Often listed among the major distinctive shiitake actives.
Sterol Ergosterol Membrane sterol in fruiting body tissues Fungal sterol; vitamin D2 precursor Examples around 294–478 mg/100 g dry weight; other reports extend into the low mg/g dry-weight range Nutritional relevance; precursor for UV-generated vitamin D2 Not a β-glucan, but one of the main recognized shiitake actives.
Organosulfur precursor Lentinic acid Present in dried shiitake; precursor pool changes with drying / rehydration Sulfur-containing flavor precursor Highly process-dependent; no single stable food-table value Precursor to aroma compounds and possible ancillary bioactivity Main importance is as precursor to lenthionine during processing and rehydration.
Organosulfur volatile Lenthionine Generated during drying / rehydration / processing from lentinic acid Cyclic organosulfur volatile One induced-cultivation study reported about 88.2 μg/g at peak conditions Characteristic shiitake aroma; possible antimicrobial / bioactive relevance More important as a flavor-signature compound than as the main medicinal constituent.
Phenolics / other metabolites Phenolics, terpenoids, sterols, peptides Distributed through fruiting body and extracts Mixed secondary-metabolite pool Usually reported as extract-dependent totals rather than stable whole-mushroom values Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and supportive nutraceutical effects Real but less standardized than lentinan, eritadenine, and ergosterol.


Bcl-2, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj (inhibit) CGL-Driver Genes
Type: Antiapoptotic Oncogene
The proteins of BCL-2 family are classified into three subgroups, i.e., the anti-apoptotic/pro-survival proteins represented by BCL-2 and BCL-XL, the pro-apoptotic proteins represented by BAX and Bak, and the pro-apoptotic BH3-only proteins represented by BAD and BID.
Since the expression of Bcl-2 protein in tumor cells is much higher than that in normal cells, inhibitors targeting it have little effect on normal cells.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
930- MushShi,    Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) Inhibits the Proliferation of Ovarian Cancer Cells by Suppressing Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) Activation
- in-vitro, Ovarian, NA
p‑STAT3↓, PTPN6↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-2↓, Mcl-1↓, survivin↓, VEGF↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Cell Death ⓘ

Bcl-2↓, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   survivin↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

PTPN6↑, 1,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

VEGF↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 7

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Bcl-2, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:25  Target#:27  State#:%  Dir#:1
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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