15-LOX/ALOX15 Cancer Research Results

15-LOX/ALOX15, 15-Lipoxygenase-1: Click to Expand ⟱
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ALOX15 - Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / 15-Lipoxygenase-1

Abbreviation: ALOX15, 15-LOX, 15-LOX-1

Type: Lipoxygenase enzyme / polyunsaturated fatty-acid oxygenase

Function: ALOX15 catalyzes oxygenation of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids to generate bioactive lipid mediators. Important products include 15-HETE and downstream oxidized phospholipids and specialized lipid mediators. ALOX15 participates in inflammatory signaling, eosinophil biology, epithelial responses, immune-cell migration, tissue remodeling, and inflammation resolution.

Asthma: ↑ ALOX15 expression and activity are increased in type-2 and eosinophilic asthma. IL-4 and IL-13 strongly induce ALOX15 in airway epithelial cells and macrophages. Increased ALOX15-derived lipid mediators promote eosinophil recruitment, goblet-cell differentiation, MUC5AC expression, epithelial inflammation, airway remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness.

Favorable Direction in Asthma: ↓ Excess ALOX15 activity is generally favorable when the measured effect reflects suppression of type-2/eosinophilic airway inflammation, although some ALOX15-derived lipids also participate in inflammation resolution.

Cancer: ↕ Context-dependent. ALOX15 can have tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive effects depending on tissue and lipid products generated. In colorectal cancer, reduced ALOX15 and loss of pro-resolving lipid signaling have been associated with inflammation-driven tumor progression, whereas other ALOX15-derived metabolites may promote malignant signaling in selected cancers.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
7951- RT,  BuckWS,    The anticancer potential of the dietary polyphenol rutin: Current status, challenges, and perspectives
- Review, Nor, NA
*Dose↝, Though rutin is widely distributed in plants, buckwheat is considered as its major source
*BioAv↓, Rutin is not easily absorbed into the blood, since its sugar moiety blocks its passage through the intestinal epithelial layers, indicating its poor bioavailability compared to other flavonoid glycosides
*BioAv↓, several in vitro studies have reported the biodegradation of rutin by both intestinal and non-intestinal microorganisms including Pediococcus Q-05 (Kim et al. 1998), Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 9244 (Araujo et al. 2013),
*BioAv↓, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) located in the intestine expelled rutin out of the cell thereby negatively affect its absorption and decrease its bioavailability (Zhang et al. 2013). This explains the significant role
*BioAv↓, The results showed that rutin was recovered as glucuronides and/or sulfates of quercetin and as unconjugated quercetin aglycone, but no free rutin was found in plasma, corroborating the pharmacokinetic studies of rutin in rats
*BioAv↝, All these studies strongly suggest that quercetin glucuronide is the major metabolite formed and circulated in blood after the intake of rutin.
TumCP↓, Rutin has been shown to hinder the proliferation of diverse cancer cell types in vitro, including breast, glioma, pancreas, colon, liver, lung, skin, prostate, cervical, and ovarian cancer cells
Risk↓, Rutin has been reported to prevent different types of cancers in vivo, such as breast, colon, melanoma, prostate, lymphoma, and leukemia.
*radioP↑, Recent reports showed that rutin has protective effects against radiation-induced inflammation and prevents radiation-induced skin carcinogenesis.
chemoPv↑, Overall, rutin exhibits outstanding chemopreventive and radioprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo,
TumCCA↑, Rutin has been reported to arrest cell cycle progression in cancer cells. Rutin can inhibit cell cycle at different checkpoints, such as G1, G2/M, and S phases.
GSK‐3β↑, Rutin can induce apoptosis in A549 lung cancer cells by upregulating the expression of GSK 3b, a downstream regulator of Wnt/b-catenin signaling
Wnt↓,
β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
ROS↑, Figure 3
BAX↑,
Casp3↑,
Casp8↑,
Casp9↑,
PARP↑,
Beclin-1/ATG6↑,
ATG5↑,
LC3II↑,
DNMT1↓,
P21↑,
CDK1↑,
CycB/CCNB1↓,
TNF-α↑,
VEGF↓,
IL1β↓,
NF-kB↓,
AP-1↓,
MYCN↓,
AMPK↑,
MAPK↓,
PI3K↓,
Akt↓,
cMET↓,
P-gp/ABCB1↓,
MRP1/ABCC1↓,
ABCG2↓,
MMPs↓,
TNF-α↓,
iNOS↓,
COX2/PTGS2↓,
angioG↓, Moreover, administration of 200 mM/kg rutin can inhibit angiogenesis in B16F-10 melanoma bearing C57BL/6 mice through the prevention of capillary formation
STAT3↓, rutin’s ability to prevent STAT3 activation mediated cancer development.
*chemoP↑, Several studies have reported that rutin can alleviate the toxicities induced by cisplatin, a platinum-based anticancer drug in experimental animal models
*ROS↓, The possible mechanisms by which rutin might exert its protective effects are ROS inhibition, suppression of MDA levels, and downregulation of p53, caspase-3, caspase-9, and JNK/TNF/p38 MAPK pathways
*MDA↓,
*P53↓,
*Casp3↓,
*Casp9↓,
*JNK↓,
*TNF-α↓,
*p38↓,
*MAPK↓,
GSH↓, GSH level in tumor cells was decreased after combined treatment with rutin, indicating that rutin sensitized cancer cells to cisplatin.
ChemoSen↑,
*hepatoP↑, rutin could inhibit cyclophosphamide-induced hepatocytotoxicity, probably through the upregulation of antioxidant enzyme activities and downregulation of serum toxicity markers.
*COX1↓, Rutin protected intestine from methotrexate, an antimetabolite used in cancer therapy, and induced lesions by inhibiting the expression of COX-1, COX-2, and 15-lipoxygenase
*COX2/PTGS2↓,
*15-LOX/ALOX15↓,
RenoP↑, rutin might protect the kidney from doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity, probably by up-regulation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
*toxicity↓, According to clinical trials, the safe dosage of rutin is 500 mg/day (Sharma et al. 2013). Rutin is nontoxic both acutely and chronically and no evidence of injury has been found due to rutin administration


Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

MYCN↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

GSH↓, 1,   ROS↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

AMPK↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

ATG5↑, 1,   Beclin-1/ATG6↑, 1,   LC3II↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

DNMT1↓, 1,   PARP↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↑, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

cMET↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   MMPs↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

P-gp/ABCB1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2/PTGS2↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,   TNF-α↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

ABCG2↓, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 1,   MRP1/ABCC1↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

chemoPv↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 43

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

15-LOX/ALOX15↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

MDA↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Casp3↓, 1,   Casp9↓, 1,   JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   p38↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

P53↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   COX2/PTGS2↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 4,   BioAv↝, 1,   Dose↝, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

chemoP↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   radioP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 19

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: 15-LOX/ALOX15, 15-Lipoxygenase-1
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:1744  State#:%  Dir#:1
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