Lactoferrin/Talactoferrin / AntiBio Cancer Research Results

LF, Lactoferrin/Talactoferrin: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Lactoferrin is a protein in human and animal milk that helps regulate iron absorption and fight infections.Found in milk, saliva, tears and nasal secretions.
***"Most studies have shown similar or superior efficacy of bLF to traditionally used therapy (ferrous sulfate and ferric hydroxide) in restoring iron deficiency, with significantly fewer gastrointestinal side effects"

Lactoferrin — Lactoferrin (LF, Lf) is an approximately 80-kDa iron-binding glycoprotein of the transferrin family that is abundant in human and bovine milk and is also present in saliva, tears, mucosal secretions and neutrophil granules. It functions as an innate-defense, iron-homeostasis and immunoregulatory protein rather than as a conventional small-molecule drug. Commercial supplements predominantly use bovine lactoferrin (bLF), whereas talactoferrin alfa is a recombinant human lactoferrin that has undergone oncology clinical trials. Lactoferricin is a bioactive peptide generated by proteolysis of lactoferrin and can have stronger direct membrane-disruptive anticancer effects than intact LF. Lactoferrin is available in licensed natural-health products in Canada, but it is not an approved anticancer treatment. Anticancer effects are strongly context-, formulation- and tumor-dependent.

-Talactoferrin alfa is recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLF) developed specifically as an oral pharmaceutical/immunotherapy. Its amino-acid sequence corresponds to human lactoferrin, whereas most commercial lactoferrin supplements are bovine lactoferrin (bLF). Human and bovine LF are homologous and share the same broad iron-binding protein architecture

Primary mechanisms (ranked):

  1. Modulation of iron availability and iron-redox homeostasis, potentially limiting iron-dependent tumor growth and altering oxidative signaling.
  2. Antitumor immune modulation, including activation or recruitment of NK cells, T cells, dendritic cells and other innate/adaptive immune components, particularly through gut-associated lymphoid tissue after oral administration.
  3. Induction of tumor-cell apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest through pathways including p53, caspases, mitochondrial apoptosis, AKT/mTOR and JAK/STAT3, with substantial tumor- and model-dependence.
  4. Suppression of invasion, migration, EMT and metastasis through effects on TGF-β and other motility-associated signaling pathways.
  5. Suppression of angiogenesis and tumor-supportive inflammatory signaling in several experimental models.
  6. Inhibition of plasmalemmal V-H+-ATPase in some highly metastatic cancer cells, reducing extracellular acidification and disrupting tumor-cell pH homeostasis.
  7. Direct membrane-disruptive cytotoxicity, particularly for the lactoferricin peptide rather than intact lactoferrin.
  8. Context-dependent regulation of ferroptosis. Although iron restriction may be anticancer in many settings, recent prostate-cancer evidence indicates endogenous lactoferrin can increase ferritin and suppress p53-ALOX12-mediated ferroptosis, potentially promoting tumor progression in that specific biological context.

Bioavailability / PK relevance: Oral intact lactoferrin has limited and variable systemic bioavailability because the protein is susceptible to gastric and intestinal proteolysis. Biological activity after oral administration does not necessarily require high circulating intact LF because local intestinal receptors and gut-associated immune tissues can mediate systemic immunologic effects. Enteric protection, liposomes, nanoparticles and other encapsulation approaches can improve stability and delivery. Recombinant talactoferrin used gram-level oral doses in oncology trials. Bovine LF doses in the principal colorectal-polyp RCT were 1.5 or 3 g/day.

In-vitro vs systemic exposure relevance: Many direct tumor-cell experiments expose cells to approximately tens to hundreds of micrograms per mL, and some studies use substantially higher concentrations. These direct extracellular concentrations should generally not be assumed to be achievable as circulating intact LF after ordinary oral supplementation. Gastrointestinal tumors and mucosal immune tissues can experience much greater local exposure after oral administration, making colorectal and gut-mediated immunologic findings more pharmacologically plausible than extrapolation of high-concentration cell-culture effects to distant tumors.

Clinical evidence status: Predominantly preclinical with limited human evidence. A randomized placebo-controlled trial in patients with small colorectal adenomas found that 3 g/day bovine LF for one year reduced polyp growth in a prespecified younger subgroup, but this is prevention-oriented evidence rather than treatment of established colorectal cancer. A small randomized adjunct study in colorectal-cancer patients receiving chemotherapy did not demonstrate a significant between-group clinical benefit. Recombinant human talactoferrin produced encouraging phase I/II signals in NSCLC and renal-cell carcinoma, but the large phase III FORTIS-M NSCLC trial was negative for overall survival, progression-free survival and disease control. Lactoferrin therefore has no established or approved role as systemic anticancer therapy. Oral bovine LF is generally well tolerated; important practical precautions include cow's-milk protein allergy/hypersensitivity and product-specific contraindications.

Lactoferrin Mechanistic Profile

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 Iron availability and iron homeostasis ↓ labile iron availability ↔ / regulated iron handling R-G Restricts iron-dependent proliferation and modifies redox signaling Central biochemical property of LF; effects depend on iron saturation, tumor iron demand and cellular handling of LF.
2 Antitumor immune response ↑ immune-mediated tumor killing ↑ NK, T-cell and dendritic-cell activity (context-dependent) G Enhances tumor immune surveillance Especially important for orally administered LF and talactoferrin because gut-associated lymphoid tissue can mediate effects without requiring high systemic intact-protein exposure.
3 Apoptosis ↑ caspase activation, ↑ Bax, ↓ BCL-2 ↔ / substantially less cytotoxicity in several models G Promotes programmed tumor-cell death Mitochondrial and receptor-associated mechanisms have been reported; selectivity varies among tumor types.
4 AKT mTOR survival signaling ↓ AKT, ↓ mTOR signaling ↔ (model-dependent) R-G Reduces survival and proliferative signaling Demonstrated in gastric and oral squamous carcinoma models; not established as a universal LF response.
5 p53 and cell-cycle control ↑ p53, ↑ G0/G1 or G1/S arrest ↔ (model-dependent) G Suppresses proliferation Reported in OSCC and hepatocellular carcinoma models and linked to apoptosis in responsive cells.
6 JAK STAT3 signaling ↓ STAT3 signaling ↔ (context-dependent) R-G Reduces prosurvival and proliferative signaling SOCS3 activation and reduced JAK/STAT3 signaling have been demonstrated in oral squamous carcinoma cells.
7 EMT and TGF-β signaling ↓ EMT, ↓ TGF-β-associated signaling ↓ pathological EMT (context-dependent) G Reduces invasive phenotype and supports epithelial integrity The existing Nestronics entry emphasizes this axis, but its current evidence set contains only one associated paper and should not be treated as the dominant overall anticancer mechanism.
8 Migration invasion and metastasis ↓ migration, ↓ invasion, ↓ metastasis ↔ G Suppresses metastatic behavior Supported by multiple experimental models; mechanisms include EMT regulation, immune effects and modification of tumor acidity.
9 V-H+-ATPase and tumor acidity ↓ plasmalemmal V-H+-ATPase, ↓ extracellular acidification ↔ in tested non-tumorigenic cells R Disrupts pH regulation in highly metastatic cells Mechanistically compelling but demonstrated particularly in V-H+-ATPase-rich metastatic breast-cancer models rather than across cancers generally.
10 Angiogenesis ↓ tumor vascularization ↔ / context-dependent G Restricts tumor blood supply Most evidence remains preclinical; effects may partly reflect immune and inflammatory modulation.
11 ROS and oxidative stress ↔ / ↓ oxidative stress (context-dependent) ↓ excessive oxidative stress R-G Modifies iron-driven redox biology LF usually acts as an iron-buffering antioxidant, but redox consequences vary with iron saturation, cell type and treatment conditions. ROS elevation is not a universal primary LF anticancer mechanism.
12 Lactoferricin membrane disruption ↑ membrane permeabilization and cytotoxicity Lower susceptibility in many models P-R Direct tumor-cell killing Primarily attributable to lactoferricin and related cationic LF-derived peptides; should not automatically be assigned to intact oral LF.
13 Ferroptosis ↓ ferroptosis in prostate cancer (context-dependent) Iron-redox homeostasis G Potentially protects selected cancer cells from ferroptotic death A 2026 prostate-cancer study found an AR-LF-ferritin axis that suppressed p53-ALOX12-mediated ferroptosis and accelerated tumorigenesis. This is an important exception to treating LF as universally anticancer.
14 Chemosensitization ↑ chemotherapy response (model-dependent) Potential protection from chemotherapy toxicity (preclinical) G Potential adjunct effect Strong responses have been demonstrated in animal models, especially with iron-saturated LF, but convincing human therapeutic benefit has not been established.
15 Clinical Translation Constraint Variable Generally well tolerated G Limits translation of experimental anticancer findings Intact oral LF undergoes gastrointestinal degradation; systemic exposure is low and variable. Many direct cell-culture concentrations exceed plausible circulating exposure. Human oncology evidence is limited, and phase III talactoferrin treatment of refractory NSCLC was negative.

P: 0–30 min    R: 30 min–3 hr    G: >3 hr



Alzheimer's disease relevance: Lactoferrin has preliminary neuroprotective evidence in Alzheimer's disease (AD), including cellular and animal models and one small randomized human pilot study. Proposed effects include reduced amyloidogenic processing and Aβ burden, reduced tau phosphorylation, suppression of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, and enhancement of neuronal survival signaling through PI3K/Akt, ERK/CREB and ADAM10-associated pathways. A 50-patient pilot study reported improvements in cognitive scores and several circulating AD-associated biomarkers after 3 months of lactoferrin supplementation. Evidence remains preliminary and has not been confirmed in large replicated clinical trials; published reviews also identify inconsistent experimental findings.

AD clinical evidence status: Small human pilot study plus preclinical evidence; not an established AD treatment.

Lactoferrin in Alzheimer's Disease

Rank Pathway / Axis Modulation Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 Amyloidogenic processing and Aβ ↓ Aβ production / accumulation Potential reduction of amyloid pathology Linked to altered amyloid-processing pathways including ADAM10 and, in experimental studies, reduced amyloidogenic enzyme activity. Evidence is primarily preclinical.
2 PI3K Akt PTEN signaling ↑ PI3K, ↑ Akt, ↑ p-Akt, ↓ PTEN Promotes neuronal survival and suppresses pathological stress signaling A central pathway identified in the small human AD pilot study.
3 Tau phosphorylation ↓ p-tau Potential reduction of tau-associated pathology Reduced circulating p-tau and tau were reported in the human pilot study; CNS disease-modifying significance remains uncertain.
4 Neuroinflammation ↓ IL-6 and inflammatory signaling Reduces inflammatory stress Consistent with the broader immunomodulatory properties of lactoferrin.
5 Oxidative stress ↓ oxidative stress Protects neurons from oxidative injury Likely involves iron sequestration and modulation of cellular antioxidant pathways.
6 ERK CREB signaling ↑ ERK CREB signaling Supports neuronal survival, plasticity and memory-associated signaling Mainly supported by mechanistic and preclinical literature.
7 ADAM10 and non-amyloidogenic APP processing ↑ ADAM10 Favors non-amyloidogenic APP processing Potential mechanism for reducing Aβ generation; predominantly preclinical evidence.
8 Cognitive function ↑ cognitive performance Potential symptomatic or disease-modifying benefit Improved MMSE and ADAS-Cog measures were reported in one small human study; replication is required.
9 Clinical Translation Constraint Uncertain Limits confidence in therapeutic relevance Human evidence is based largely on one small study. CNS exposure of orally administered intact lactoferrin and the optimal formulation, dose and treatment duration remain uncertain.


AntiBio, Antibiotic/Antimicrobial activity: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:

Antibiotic / antimicrobial activity: The ability of a substance to suppress or kill microorganisms, especially bacteria, by disrupting microbial survival, growth, biofilm formation, cell-wall integrity, membrane function, protein synthesis, nucleic-acid synthesis, quorum sensing, or virulence.

Natural Products that might have antimicrobial properties

Natural supplement or product Principal constituents Potential antimicrobial activity Evidence assessment Reference
Garlic
Allium sativum		 Allicin, ajoene and diallyl sulfides Antibacterial and antifungal activity, with some antiviral and antiparasitic effects reported in laboratory studies. Extensive laboratory evidence, but insufficient clinical evidence to use garlic as a treatment for established infections. Tesfaye A. Revealing the therapeutic uses of garlic and its potential for drug discovery. Scientific review.
Berberine Berberine isoquinoline alkaloid May damage bacterial membranes, inhibit efflux pumps, interfere with nucleic-acid and protein synthesis, and inhibit biofilm formation. Strong preclinical evidence and limited indication-specific clinical evidence. Poor oral bioavailability and drug interactions limit its use as a general antimicrobial. Berberine as a therapeutic alkaloid against ESKAPE and multidrug-resistant bacteria: a comprehensive review.
Cranberry extract
Vaccinium macrocarpon		 A-type proanthocyanidins Primarily reduces adhesion of uropathogenic bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, to urinary epithelial cells. May reduce recurrent urinary tract infections in selected populations. It is preventive rather than a reliable treatment for an active UTI. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Cranberry—Usefulness and Safety.
Probiotics
Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Saccharomyces boulardii 		Live microorganisms; effects are strain-specific Competitive exclusion of pathogens, production of bacteriocins, inhibition of pathogen adhesion and restoration of microbiome function. Some human evidence for antibiotic-associated diarrhea and selected gastrointestinal or vaginal indications. Results cannot be generalized from one strain to another. NIH Office of Dietary Supplements: Probiotics—Health Professional Fact Sheet.
Medical-grade honey / Manuka honey Methylglyoxal, hydrogen peroxide, defensin-1, organic acids and high osmolarity Broad topical antibacterial and antibiofilm activity; also supports autolytic debridement and wound healing. Clinically relevant primarily as a standardized, medical-grade topical wound product. Ordinary food honey is not equivalent. Jull AB et al. Honey as a topical treatment for wounds. Cochrane systematic review.
Oregano oil
Origanum vulgare		 Carvacrol and thymol Antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm activity, largely through disruption of microbial membranes. Strong laboratory activity, but inadequate human evidence for oral treatment of infections. Concentrated oil can cause irritation. Chemical composition, biological activity and potential uses of oregano and oregano essential oil: a review.
Thyme
Thymus vulgaris		 Thymol and carvacrol Antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm activity through membrane damage and altered microbial permeability. Better established as a constituent of topical antiseptic and oral-care formulations than as an oral treatment for systemic infection. PubMed literature: thyme, thymol and antimicrobial activity.
Tea tree oil
Melaleuca alternifolia		 Terpinen-4-ol and related monoterpenes Topical antibacterial and antifungal activity with some antiviral laboratory activity. Some clinical evidence for topical acne and fungal skin conditions. Tea tree oil is toxic when swallowed and may cause contact dermatitis. Carson CF et al. Melaleuca alternifolia oil: a review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties.
Echinacea
Echinacea species		 Alkamides, caffeic-acid derivatives, polysaccharides and glycoproteins Primarily immunomodulatory; relatively weak and inconsistent direct antimicrobial activity. Evidence for preventing or shortening respiratory infections is inconsistent and preparation-dependent. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Echinacea—Usefulness and Safety.
Elderberry
Sambucus nigra		 Anthocyanins, flavonols and phenolic acids Antiviral effects have been reported in cell-culture and preclinical studies, including interference with viral entry or replication. Small human trials have examined respiratory symptoms, but evidence remains insufficient to establish treatment of influenza or other viral infections. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Elderberry.
Curcumin / turmeric
Curcuma longa		 Curcumin and related curcuminoids Antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antibiofilm activity through multiple membrane, enzyme and signalling effects. Predominantly laboratory evidence. Poor aqueous solubility and low systemic bioavailability are major clinical limitations. Moghadamtousi SZ et al. A review on antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activity of curcumin.
Ginger
Zingiber officinale		 Gingerols, shogaols and zingerone Antibacterial and antifungal activity, including possible inhibition of microbial adhesion and biofilm formation. Primarily laboratory evidence; there is little direct clinical evidence that ginger supplements treat infections. PubMed literature: ginger, gingerols and antimicrobial activity.
Clove
Syzygium aromaticum		 Eugenol and eugenyl acetate Antibacterial, antifungal and local antiseptic activity, principally through membrane and protein disruption. Relevant mainly to topical, food-preservation and dental applications. Evidence for systemic infection treatment is insufficient. PubMed literature: clove, eugenol and antimicrobial activity.
Cinnamon
Cinnamomum species		 Cinnamaldehyde, eugenol and cinnamic acid derivatives Antibacterial, antifungal and antibiofilm activity; may alter microbial membranes and quorum-sensing pathways. Predominantly laboratory evidence. Cassia cinnamon can contribute substantial coumarin exposure when consumed in concentrated amounts. PubMed literature: cinnamon, cinnamaldehyde and antimicrobial activity.
Neem
Azadirachta indica		 Nimbidin, nimbin, nimbolide, azadirachtin and other limonoids Antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and antibiofilm effects have been reported. Some topical and dental research exists, but systemic clinical evidence is inadequate. Oral neem preparations have important safety concerns. PubMed literature: Azadirachta indica and antimicrobial activity.
Black seed
Nigella sativa		 Thymoquinone, thymohydroquinone and related volatile compounds Antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic and possible antiviral activity. Considerable laboratory research but limited, heterogeneous clinical evidence for infectious diseases. PubMed literature: Nigella sativa, thymoquinone and antimicrobial activity.
Green tea extract
Camellia sinensis		 Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and other catechins Antibacterial, antiviral and antibiofilm activity; may damage membranes, inhibit microbial enzymes and enhance some antibiotics. Some localized oral-health evidence, but limited evidence for treating systemic infections. Concentrated extracts may cause liver injury in susceptible individuals. PubMed literature: EGCG, green tea and antimicrobial activity.
Licorice root
Glycyrrhiza species		 Glycyrrhizin, glycyrrhetinic acid, liquiritigenin and other flavonoids Antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal effects have been reported in laboratory and preclinical studies. Limited clinical antimicrobial evidence. Glycyrrhizin can cause hypertension, hypokalemia, fluid retention and clinically important drug interactions. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Licorice Root.
Andrographis
Andrographis paniculata		 Andrographolide and related diterpenoid lactones Immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and possible antiviral or antibacterial activity. Some evidence for modest symptom reduction in uncomplicated respiratory infections, but this does not establish direct pathogen eradication. PubMed literature: Andrographis and respiratory infections.
Pelargonium sidoides Proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids and oxygenated coumarin derivatives Possible antiviral, antibacterial anti-adhesive and immunomodulatory activity. Some human evidence for modest symptom improvement in acute bronchitis and selected respiratory infections. It is not a substitute for antibiotics when bacterial treatment is indicated. Timmer A et al. Pelargonium sidoides extract for acute respiratory tract infections. Cochrane systematic review.
Monolaurin
Glycerol monolaurate		 Monolaurin, a monoester derived from lauric acid May disrupt lipid membranes and interfere with signalling or virulence in certain bacteria and enveloped viruses. Predominantly laboratory and animal evidence. There is insufficient clinical evidence to recommend oral monolaurin for infections. PubMed literature: glycerol monolaurate and antimicrobial activity.
Caprylic acid Octanoic acid, an eight-carbon medium-chain fatty acid Antifungal and membrane-disrupting activity, particularly against Candida species, has been reported in vitro. Insufficient human evidence for treating candidiasis or systemic fungal infection. Marketing claims commonly exceed the evidence. PubMed literature: caprylic acid and Candida.
Olive leaf extract
Olea europaea		 Oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol and elenolic-acid derivatives Antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activity has been observed in laboratory studies. Preliminary evidence only; clinical trials have not established it as a treatment for infectious disease. PubMed literature: olive leaf, oleuropein and antimicrobial activity.
Goldenseal
Hydrastis canadensis		 Hydrastine, canadine and berberine Extracts and individual alkaloids show antibacterial activity in laboratory studies. There is no good clinical evidence that goldenseal treats human infections. Product composition, absorption and drug interactions are important limitations. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health: Goldenseal.
Sweet wormwood / artemisinin
Artemisia annua 		Artemisinin and related sesquiterpene lactones Artemisinin derivatives are potent antimalarial agents. Additional antibacterial, antiviral and antiparasitic effects are being studied. Artemisinin-based combination therapies are established medicines, not ordinary supplements. Herbal preparations should not replace standardized malaria treatment because dose variability can promote treatment failure and resistance. World Health Organization: Guidelines for malaria.

Evidence interpretation

  • Clinical evidence: Effects have been studied in human participants, but usually for a specific preparation, route, dose and indication.
  • Preclinical evidence: Activity has mainly been demonstrated in cell culture, microbial cultures or animal models.
  • Anti-adhesive or probiotic activity: The product may reduce colonization or pathogen attachment without directly killing the microorganism.
  • Topical evidence: Results from topical use cannot be assumed to apply to an orally administered supplement.


Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
8145- LF,    Neuroprotective Effects of Lactoferrin in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: A Narrative Review
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*AntiBio↑, *Imm↑, *AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, *BBB↑, *APOE4↓, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Learn↑, *memory↑, *ADAM10↑, *PSEN1/PS1↑, *cl‑APP↑, *BACE/β-secretase↓, *cognitive↑, *MDA↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *neuroP↑, *Dose↝, *IronCh↑, *SOD↑, *BioAv↝,
8141- LF,    Controversial role of lactoferrin in cancer: A narrative review
- Review, Var, NA
*AntiBio↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Imm↑, *AntiCan↑, TumMeta↑,
8133- LF,    Apoptosis of stomach cancer cell SGC-7901 and regulation of Akt signaling way induced by bovine lactoferrin
- in-vitro, GC, SGC-7901
*AntiBio↑, AntiCan↑, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, Bcl-2↓, p‑GSK‐3β↑, p‑Casp9↑,
8129- LF,    Study on the Therapeutic Benefit on Lactoferrin in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy
- Trial, CRC, NA
Dose↝, toxicity↓, INF-γ↝, other↑, *ROS↓, Imm↑, WBC↑, Neut↑, T-Cell↑, *antiOx↑, *GSH↑, *chemoP↑, *RenoP↑, *hepatoP↑, BUN↓, creat↓, ALAT↓, AST↓, RBC↑, PC↑, Mucositis↓, *AntiBio↑, *AntiViral↑, *AntiFungal↑, *Inflam↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 4 of 4

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 4

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

Mucositis↓, 1,   PC↑, 1,   RBC↑, 1,   WBC↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   BUN↓, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   p‑Casp9↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

other↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

p‑GSK‐3β↑, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

TumMeta↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

Imm↑, 1,   INF-γ↝, 1,   Neut↑, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,   T-Cell↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

Dose↝, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   creat↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 23

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

AntiBio↑, 4,   APOE4↓, 1,   Learn↑, 1,   PSEN1/PS1↑, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 2,   GSH↑, 1,   MDA↓, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   SOD↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology(tgid=2) ⓘ

IronCh↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

cl‑APP↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

IL6↓, 1,   Imm↑, 2,   Inflam↓, 3,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

ADAM10↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

BACE/β-secretase↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↝, 1,   Dose↝, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

IL6↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 2,   chemoP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 2,   RenoP↑, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

AntiFungal↑, 1,   AntiViral↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 31

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: AntiBio, Antibiotic/Antimicrobial activity
4 Lactoferrin/Talactoferrin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:111  Target#:1483  State#:%  Dir#:2
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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