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| Safflower yellow (SY), a natural pigment extracted from the petals of Carthamus tinctorius (safflower), has shown neuroprotective effects in several models of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). -SY was found to improve learning and memory in AD animal model -SY increases SOD and decreases MDA, a marker of lipid peroxidation -SY downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in brain tissues. |
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| Glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are crucial antioxidant enzymes, counteracting reactive oxygen species (ROS). Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) refers to a family of antioxidant enzymes that play a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and organic peroxides. There are several isoforms of GPx, including GPx1, GPx2, GPx3, and GPx4, each with distinct tissue distributions and functions. GPX overexpression promotes proliferation and invasion in cancer cells. Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1), the most abundant isoform, contributes to invasion, migration, cisplatin resistance, and proliferation in various cancers. GPx expression is often elevated in various cancers and is generally associated with poorer prognosis due to its role in protecting cancer cells from oxidative stress and contributing to treatment resistance. |
| 4215- | SY, | Safflower yellow alleviates cognitive impairment in mice by modulating cholinergic system function, oxidative stress, and CREB/BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway |
| - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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