Ramucirumab (CYRAMZA) / toxicity Cancer Research Results

Ramu, Ramucirumab (CYRAMZA): Click to Expand ⟱

Features:

Ramucirumab (CYRAMZA) is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that binds VEGFR-2 (KDR/Flk-1) on endothelial cells and blocks VEGF-A/VEGF-C/VEGF-D from activating the receptor, thereby suppressing VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and downstream pro-angiogenic signaling (endothelial proliferation, migration, survival, and vascular permeability). Clinically, it’s used as an anti-angiogenic therapy across multiple solid tumors (labelled indications include advanced/metastatic gastric/GEJ adenocarcinoma, NSCLC in specific combinations/settings, metastatic colorectal cancer in combination therapy, and AFP-high hepatocellular carcinoma after prior therapy).

Pathways/axes ramucirumab functionally down-modulates (via VEGFR-2 blockade)
-VEGF ligand → VEGFR-2 angiogenesis axis (core target): vessel sprouting, endothelial survival, migration, permeability.
-PI3K → AKT (PKB) survival signaling downstream of VEGFR-2 (endothelial cell survival/anti-apoptosis).
-RAS → RAF → MEK → ERK (MAPK) proliferation signaling downstream of VEGFR-2 (endothelial proliferation).
-PLCγ → PKC signaling downstream of VEGFR-2 (linked to permeability and other endothelial responses).
-Src-family kinases / TSAd–Src modules and FAK/integrin–cytoskeleton signaling (migration, adhesion, barrier regulation).
-eNOS → nitric oxide (NO) signaling (vascular tone/permeability; intersects with Src and PLCγ signaling). -Vascular permeability & “vascular normalization” effects that can secondarily modulate tumor hypoxia/HIF programs and immune cell trafficking/antitumor immunity in the microenvironment (context-dependent).

toxicity, toxicity: Click to Expand ⟱

Source:

Type:

Toxicity

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱

5284-

Ramu,

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4131847/

Review,

Var,

VEGFR2↓, OS↑, angioG↓, toxicity↝, ChemoSen↑, Dose↝,

5286-

Ramu,

Ramucirumab efficacy in first-line gastric and esophageal cancer treatment

Review,

GC,

VEGFR2↓, OS↑, toxicity↝,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 2 of 2

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 2

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1, VEGFR2↓, 2,

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 1, Dose↝, 1,

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

OS↑, 2, toxicity↝, 2,
Total Targets: 6

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:

Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: toxicity, toxicity

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells