Database Query Results : Salvia officinalis, ,

Sage, Salvia officinalis: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Salvia officinalis(common sage) has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer properties.

Salvia officinalis — AD relevance: Sage has human clinical signals for cognition/AD, plausibly via cholinesterase inhibition plus anti-inflammatory/antioxidant support. Essential-oil chemotype matters for safety (thujone exposure).

Primary mechanisms (conceptual rank):
1) ↑ Cholinergic tone (AChE/BChE inhibition; symptomatic cognitive support)AChE ↓ → ACh ↑ (symptomatic cognitive enhancement)
2) ↓ Neuroinflammation (NF-κB/cytokine tone; model-supported)
3) ↓ Oxidative stress (↓ ROS/lipid peroxidation; stress-defense support)
4) Secondary network/synaptic efficiency effects (chronic adaptation)

Bioavailability / PK relevance: Oral leaf extracts used in trials; effects are typically over weeks–months. Avoid equating leaf extract with essential oil dosing due to thujone-associated neurotoxicity risk.

Clinical evidence status: Small double-blind RCT in mild–moderate AD (extract vs placebo) and additional placebo-controlled cognitive studies in non-AD populations; evidence is supportive but not definitive/disease-modifying.

-Sage contains compounds (e.g., rosmarinic acid, luteolin, carnosic acid) that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE).This enhances acetylcholine levels, supporting memory and cognition — similar to drugs like donepezil.
-High in phenolic compounds (e.g., flavonoids, diterpenes) that scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS).

-High doses of thujone (a compound in some sage oils) may be neurotoxic or hepatotoxic.

Salvia officinalis — AD / Neurodegeneration Pathway Map

RankPathway / AxisCellsTSFPrimary EffectNotes / Interpretation
1 AChE ↓ → ACh ↑ (cholinergic synapse) ACh ↑ (via AChE inhibition) P/R Improved synaptic cholinergic transmission Extract inhibits acetylcholinesterase → reduced ACh breakdown → increased synaptic ACh. Symptomatic mechanism analogous to donepezil-class drugs.
2Neuroinflammation (NF-κB / cytokines) ↓R/G Reduced inflammatory stress Extracts show anti-inflammatory signaling in cell/biochemical models; relevance to AD progression is supportive.
3ROS / lipid peroxidation ↓P/R Oxidative burden reduction Phenolics/diterpenes contribute to antioxidant effects; typically requires sustained intake for tissue adaptation.
4NRF2 antioxidant-response program ↔ / ↑ (context-dependent)R/G Stress-defense regulation Consider as a supportive axis; not always directly measured in human cognition trials.
5Ca²⁺ excitotoxicity interplay ↔P/R Not primary More relevant to essential-oil neurotoxicity discussions than leaf-extract cognition trials; include only with explicit Ca²⁺ endpoints.
6Aβ / tau-associated pathology ↔ (limited human evidence)G Not established clinically Any anti-amyloid/tau claims are largely preclinical; avoid over-weighting without biomarker-confirmed replication.
7Clinical Translation Constraint ↓ (constraint)— Safety + product variability Essential oil/thujone can be pro-convulsant; regulators specify limits for thujone exposure in herbal products. Extract standardization and duration (weeks–months) matter.

TSF legend: P: 0–30 min; R: 30 min–3 hr; G: >3 hr
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3757- RosA,  Sage,  Cro,  NarG,  Caff  Food-derived Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors as Potential Agents against Alzheimer’s Disease
- Review, AD, NA
AChE↓,
3638- Sage,    Salvia officinalis extract in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a double blind, randomized and placebo-controlled trial
- Trial, AD, NA
*cognitive↑,
3639- Sage,    Pharmacological properties of Salvia officinalis and its components
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *cognitive↑, *memory↑, *LDL↓, TumCG↓, MAPK↓, ROS↓, NF-kB↓, COX2↓, angioG↓, *AST↓, *ALAT?,
3640- Sage,    Evaluation of Traditional Herb Extract Salvia officinalis in Treatment of Alzheimers Disease
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *memory↑,
3641- Sage,    Systematic Review of Clinical Trials Assessing Pharmacological Properties of Salvia Species on Memory, Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *memory↑, *AChE↓,
3642- Sage,    Chronic Supplementation with a Mix of Salvia officinalis and Salvia lavandulaefolia Improves Morris Water Maze Learning in Normal Adult C57Bl/6J Mice
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*memory↑, *cognitive↑,
3643- Sage,    Effects of cholinesterase inhibiting sage (Salvia officinalis) on mood, anxiety and performance on a psychological stressor battery
- Human, Nor, NA
*cognitive↑, *AChE↓,
3644- Sage,    Positive modulation of mood and cognitive performance following administration of acute doses of Salvia lavandulaefolia essential oil to healthy young volunteers
- Human, AD, NA
*memory↑, *cognitive↑,
3645- Sage,  RosA,    Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, antioxidant and phytochemical properties of selected medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family
- Study, AD, NA
*AChE↓, *AChE↓,
4217- Sage,  RosA,  Aroma,    Neuroprotective Potential of Aromatic Herbs: Rosemary, Sage, and Lavender
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *ERK↑, *CREB↑, *BDNF↑, *Aβ↑, *AChE↓, *memory↑, *cognitive↑,

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 10

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

ROS↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

MAPK↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

TumCG↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 8

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT?, 1,   CREB↑, 1,   LDL↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Inflam↓, 2,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 5,   BDNF↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT?, 1,   AST↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

cognitive↑, 7,   memory↑, 6,   neuroP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 14

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:338  Target#:%  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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