Database Query Results : Caffeic acid, ,

CA, Caffeic acid: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Caffeic acid is a polyphenol antioxidant found in coffee, fruits, vegetables, and herbs. It may have anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-aging, and other health benefits.
Caffeic acid (CA) is a dietary hydroxycinnamic acid found widely in plant foods and in coffee largely as chlorogenic acids (caffeoylquinic acids). CA is generally antioxidant / anti-inflammatory and is frequently reported to modulate Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling, with downstream effects on survival pathways (PI3K/AKT), MAPKs, cell cycle, and apoptosis in preclinical cancer models. A notable mechanistic nuance is a context-dependent pro-oxidant effect described in the presence of copper (Cu), where CA can drive oxidative DNA damage in vitro (often discussed as potentially relevant to tumors with higher copper levels).

-Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, the main representative component of propolis
-Black chokeberry 141.14 mg/100 g F
-Sunflower seed, meal 8.17 mg/100 g FW
-Common sage, dried 26.40 mg/100 g FW
-Ceylan cinnamon 24.20 mg/100 g FW
-Nutmeg 16.30 mg/100 g FW

-Dual capacity of CA to act as an antioxidant during carcinogenesis and as a pro-oxidant against cancer cells, promoting their apoptosis or sensitizing them to chemotherapeutic drugs.

Pathways:
-Caffeic acid is a potent antioxidant
-Caffeic acid may also exhibit pro-oxidant behavior. At higher concentrations( 50–100 µM ?) or/and in the presence of transition metal ions (such as copper or iron), caffeic acid can participate in Fenton-like reactions, potentially leading to increased ROS generation.
-Shown to inhibit NF-κB activation
-Inhibitory effects on MAPK/ERK Pathway
-PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
-Activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway
-Cell cycle arrest at various checkpoints
-Angiogenesis Inhibition

Caffeic acid typically shows low oral bioavailability (sometimes only a few percent of the ingested dose is systemically available) and a short plasma half-life (around 1–2 hours in animal models).

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 NF-κB inflammatory transcription NF-κB ↓; cytokines/COX-2/iNOS programs ↓ (reported) Inflammation tone ↓ (common in injury models) R, G Anti-inflammatory / anti-survival transcription CA is frequently reported to reduce NF-κB signaling in inflammatory and cancer models. Note: CAPE (the ester) is the “stronger” canonical NF-κB inhibitor; keep CA claims qualified as “reported.”
2 Nrf2/ARE antioxidant response (HO-1, GSH systems) Stress adaptation modulation (context-dependent) Nrf2 ↑; HO-1 ↑; antioxidant defenses ↑ R, G Endogenous antioxidant upshift CA can activate Nrf2/ARE programs in oxidative stress settings; tumor direction is model-dependent and should not be overstated as uniformly “good” or “bad.”
3 ROS / redox tone (antioxidant vs Cu-linked pro-oxidant) ROS direction variable; pro-oxidant DNA damage reported with Cu (context) Oxidative injury ↓ in many stress models P, R, G Redox modulation CA is classically antioxidant, yet Cu-mediated pro-oxidant DNA breakage has been described in vitro; treat as conditional (metal availability, dose, cell type).
4 Intrinsic apoptosis (mitochondrial/caspase linked) Apoptosis ↑; Bax ↑; caspases ↑ (reported) ↔ (generally less activation) G Cell death execution Frequently observed downstream endpoint in tumor models, often coupled to NF-κB/PI3K/MAPK and stress/redox changes.
5 Cell-cycle control (Cyclins/CDKs; checkpoints) Cell-cycle arrest ↑ (reported; phase varies) ↔ G Cytostasis Often appears as later phenotype-level outcome after upstream signaling shifts.
6 PI3K → AKT (± mTOR) survival axis PI3K/AKT ↓ (reported; model-dependent) ↔ R, G Growth/survival modulation Reported in multiple tumor systems; best kept as “reported/model-dependent,” not a primary direct target.
7 MAPK re-wiring (ERK / JNK / p38) MAPK modulation (context-dependent) ↔ P, R, G Stress/mitogenic signaling adjustment Directions vary across models and doses; avoid fixed arrows without a specific cited study for your cancer type.
8 Invasion / metastasis programs (MMPs / EMT) MMPs ↓; migration/invasion ↓ (reported) ↔ G Anti-invasive phenotype Often downstream of NF-κB/MAPK and inflammation changes; not universal across all cell lines.
9 Angiogenesis signaling (VEGF & related outputs) VEGF / angiogenic outputs ↓ (reported) ↔ G Anti-angiogenic support Later phenotype-level outcome; strength depends on model and exposure.
10 Bioavailability / metabolism constraint (chlorogenic acids → conjugates) Systemic exposure mostly as glucuronide/sulfate/methylated metabolites — — Translation constraint After oral intake, CA/chlorogenic acids appear predominantly as conjugated metabolites; free CA levels are typically far below many in-vitro (µM) assay doses.

Time-Scale Flag (TSF): P / R / G

  • P: 0–30 min (rapid redox/metal interactions; early signaling shifts)
  • R: 30 min–3 hr (acute stress-response + transcription signaling changes)
  • G: >3 hr (gene-regulatory adaptation and phenotype outcomes)
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
380- AgNPs,  QC,  CA,  Chit,    Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities
- in-vitro, MG, U118MG
TumCG↓,
1011- CA,    Dihydrocaffeic acid improves IL-1β-induced inflammation and cartilage degradation via inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways
- in-vivo, NA, NA
iNOS↓, IL6↓, SOX9↑, NF-kB↓, MAPK↓,
1207- CA,  PacT,    Caffeine inhibits the anticancer activity of paclitaxel via down-regulation of α-tubulin acetylation
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa
TumCG↑, TumCMig↓, Apoptosis↓, ac‑α-tubulin↑,
1230- CA,  Caff,    Caffeine and Caffeic Acid Inhibit Growth and Modify Estrogen Receptor and Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor Levels in Human Breast Cancer
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - Human, NA, NA
TumVol↓, TumCG↓, ER(estro)↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, IGF-1R↓, p‑Akt↓,
1297- CA,    Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE) Induced Apoptosis in Serous Ovarian Cancer OV7 Cells by Deregulation of BCL2/BAX Genes
- in-vitro, Ovarian, OV7
lysosome↓, Apoptosis↑, Bax:Bcl2↑,
1640- CA,  MET,    Caffeic Acid Targets AMPK Signaling and Regulates Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Anaplerosis while Metformin Downregulates HIF-1α-Induced Glycolytic Enzymes in Human Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lines
- in-vitro, Cerv, SiHa
GLS↓, NADPH↓, ROS↑, TumCD↑, AMPK↑, Hif1a↓, GLUT1↓, GLUT3↓, HK2↓, PFK↓, PKM2↓, LDH↓, cMyc↓, BAX↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, PDH↓, ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, eff↑, ACLY↓, FASN↓, Bcl-2↓, Glycolysis↓,
1646- CA,    Caffeic acid: a brief overview of its presence, metabolism, and bioactivity
- Review, Nor, NA
*BioAv↓, ROS⇅, selectivity↑, other∅, VEGF↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓,
1650- CA,    Adjuvant Properties of Caffeic Acid in Cancer Treatment
- Review, Var, NA
ROS↑, antiOx↑, Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, NF-kB↓, STAT3↓, ERK↓, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, AMPK↑, eff↑, selectivity↑, COX2↓, Dose∅, PHDs↓, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, Dose∅, Dose∅, Ca+2↑, Dose?, MMP↓, RadioS↑,
1651- CA,  PBG,    Caffeic acid and its derivatives as potential modulators of oncogenic molecular pathways: New hope in the fight against cancer
- Review, Var, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↓, TumCMig↓, TumMeta↓, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↓, eff↝, Dose∅, AMPK↑, p62↓, LC3II↑, Ca+2↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, CDK4↑, CDK6↑, RB1↑, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, NF-kB↓, angioG↑, VEGF↓, TSP-1↑, MMP9↓, MMP2↓, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, ROS↑, CSCs↓, Fas↑, P53↑, BAX↑, Casp↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, NDRG1↑, STAT3↓, MAPK↑, ERK↑, eff↑, eff↑, eff↑,
1652- CA,    Caffeic Acid and Diseases—Mechanisms of Action
- Review, Var, NA
Dose∅, ROS⇅, NF-kB↓, STAT3↓, VEGF↓, MMP9↓, HSP70/HSPA5↑, AST↝, ALAT↝, ALP↝, Hif1a↓, IL6↓, IGF-1R↓, P21↑, iNOS↓, ERK↓, Snail↓, BID↑, BAX↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp9↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, Vim↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, COX2↓, ROS↑,
2399- CA,  EA,    Polyphenol-rich diet mediates interplay between macrophage-neutrophil and gut microbiota to alleviate intestinal inflammation
- Review, Col, NA
eff↝, eff↑, Weight↑,
3758- CA,  RT,  CGA,    Polyphenols and inhibitory effects of crude and purified extracts from tomato varieties on the formation of advanced glycation end products and the activity of angiotensin-converting and acetylcholinesterase enzymes
- Analysis, AD, NA
*AChE↓, *eff↑,
3784- CA,  CGA,    Comparative Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Caffeic and Chlorogenic Acids on Key Enzymes Linked to Alzheimer’s Disease and Some Pro-oxidant Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats’ Brain-In Vitro
- Study, AD, NA
*AChE↓, *BChE↓, *eff↑, *ROS↓, *neuroP↑,
3791- CA,    Caffeic Acid and Diseases—Mechanisms of Action
- Review, AD, NA
*memory↑, *cognitive↑, *p‑tau↓, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *Casp3↓, *lipid-P↓, *AChE↓, *BChE↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *5LO↓, *BDNF↓, VEGF↓, HSP70/HSPA5↓,
4342- CA,    Antiplatelet effects of caffeic acid due to Ca(2＋) mobilizationinhibition via cAMP-dependent inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor phosphorylation
- in-vitro, NA, NA
*AntiAg↑, *TXA2↓, *COX1↓,
1647- PBG,  CA,    Antioxidant Properties and Phenolic Composition of Greek Propolis Extracts
- Analysis, Nor, NA
Dose?, antiOx↑, other↑,

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 16

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 2,   ROS↑, 5,   ROS⇅, 2,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ACLY↓, 1,   ALAT↝, 1,   AMPK↑, 3,   cMyc↓, 1,   FASN↓, 1,   GLS↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   HK2↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   NADPH↓, 1,   PDH↓, 1,   PFK↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 3,   BAX↓, 1,   BAX↑, 2,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 2,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   BID↑, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 2,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

SOX9↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↑, 1,   other∅, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

HSP70/HSPA5↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

LC3II↑, 1,   lysosome↓, 1,   p62↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

P53↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK4↑, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 3,   P21↑, 1,   RB1↑, 1,   TumCCA↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CSCs↓, 1,   EMT↓, 1,   ERK↓, 2,   ERK↑, 1,   IGF-1R↓, 2,   STAT3↓, 3,   TumCG↓, 2,   TumCG↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↑, 2,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 3,   MMP9↓, 4,   Snail↓, 1,   TSP-1↑, 1,   TumCMig↓, 2,   TumMeta↓, 1,   Vim↓, 2,   ac‑α-tubulin↑, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 3,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↑, 1,   Hif1a↓, 2,   PHDs↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 4,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

GLUT1↓, 1,   GLUT3↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 2,   IL6↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 4,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

CDK6↑, 1,   ER(estro)↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 3,   Dose?, 2,   Dose∅, 5,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 9,   eff↝, 2,   RadioS↑, 2,   selectivity↑, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↝, 1,   ALP↝, 1,   AST↝, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   NDRG1↑, 1,   TumVol↓, 1,   Weight↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 96

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

lipid-P↓, 1,   ROS↓, 2,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Casp3↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

GSK‐3β↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

5LO↓, 1,   AntiAg↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

TXA2↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX1↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 3,   BChE↓, 2,   BDNF↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   eff↑, 2,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

cognitive↑, 1,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 19

Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:51  Target#:%  State#:%  Dir#:%
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