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| Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage is a hallmark of caspase activation.
PARP (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) is a family of proteins involved in a variety of cellular processes, including DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death. PARP enzymes play a crucial role in repairing single-strand breaks in DNA. PARP has gained significant attention, particularly in the treatment of certain types of tumors, such as those with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. These mutations impair the cell's ability to repair double-strand breaks in DNA through homologous recombination. Cancer cells with these mutations can become reliant on PARP for survival, making them particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors. PARP inhibitors, such as olaparib, rucaparib, and niraparib, have been developed as targeted therapies for cancers associated with BRCA mutations. PARP Family: The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are a family of enzymes involved in a number of cellular processes, including DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death. PARP1 is the predominant family member responsible for detecting DNA strand breaks and initiating repair processes, especially through base excision repair (BER). PARP1 Overexpression: In several cancer types—including breast, ovarian, prostate, and lung cancers—elevated PARP1 expression and/or activity has been reported. High PARP1 expression in certain cancers has been associated with aggressive tumor behavior and resistance to therapies (especially those that induce DNA damage). Increased PARP1 activity may correlate with poorer overall survival in tumors that rely on DNA repair for survival. |
| 2073- | HNK, | Honokiol induces apoptosis and autophagy via the ROS/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo |
| - | in-vitro, | OS, | U2OS | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 7542- | HT, | Hydroxytyrosol Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Multiple Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | LNCaP | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | C4-2B | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | RWPE-1 |
| 4639- | HT, | Hydroxytyrosol Induces Apoptosis, Cell Cycle Arrest and Suppresses Multiple Oncogenic Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | LNCaP | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | C4-2B |
| 7555- | HYP, | RT, | Hyperoside and rutin of Nelumbo nucifera induce mitochondrial apoptosis through a caspase-dependent mechanism in HT-29 human colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Colon, | HT29 |
| 7588- | I3C, | Indole-3-carbinol suppresses NF-κB activity and stimulates the p53 pathway in pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | NA |
| 7593- | I3C, | Indole-3-carbinol (I3C) induced cell growth inhibition, G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells |
| - | Review, | Pca, | NA |
| 7774- | IBC, | Isobavachalcone isolated from Psoralea corylifolia inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis via inhibiting the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 | - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 |
| 7772- | IBC, | Isobavachalcone inhibits acute myeloid leukemia: Potential role for ROS-dependent mitochondrial apoptosis and differentiation |
| - | vitro+vivo, | AML, | NA |
| 7771- | IBC, | Isobavachalcone induces concurrent apoptosis and pyroptosis in anaplastic thyroid cancer cells by modulating the caspase-mediated cleavage of PARP and GSDME |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Thyroid, | CAL-62 |
| 7718- | IP6, | Inositol hexaphosphate inhibits growth, and induces G1 arrest and apoptotic death of prostate carcinoma DU145 cells: modulation of CDKI-CDK-cyclin and pRb-related protein-E2F complexes |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 |
| 7724- | IP6, | Inositol hexakisphosphate blocks tumor cell growth by activating apoptotic machinery as well as by inhibiting the Akt/NFkappaB-mediated cell survival pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | Cerv, | HeLa |
| 7691- | IP6, | Inositol Hexaphosphate Suppresses Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Carcinoma Cells in Culture and Nude Mouse Xenograft: PI3K-Akt Pathway as Potential Target |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Pca, | PC3 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | C4-2B |
| 7763- | ISL, | Harnessing Liquiritigenin: A Flavonoid-Based Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Cancer |
| 7747- | ISL, | Isoliquiritigenin Induces Apoptosis via ROS-Mediated Inhibition of p38/mTOR/STAT3 Pathway in Human Melanoma Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | SK-MEL-28 |
| 7761- | ISL, | Targeting digestive system cancers with isoliquiritigenin: a comprehensive review of antitumor mechanisms |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7730- | isoFl, | Anticancer Potential of Isoflavones: A Narrative Overview of Mechanistic Insights and Experimental Evidence from the Past Ten Years |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7866- | isoO, | Orientin and Cancer Suppression: Molecular Mechanisms and Synergistic Effects |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 7864- | isoO, | Isoorientin Inhibits Amyloid β25-35-Induced Neuronal Inflammation in BV2 Cells by Blocking the NF-κB Signaling Pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | AD, | BV2 |
| 7854- | isoO, | Isoorientin induces apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HepG2 cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 |
| 7855- | isoO, | Isoorientin induces apoptosis and autophagy simultaneously by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related p53, PI3K/Akt, JNK, and p38 signaling pathways in HepG2 cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | HL7702 |
| 7856- | isoO, | Isoorientin induces the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of A549 human lung cancer cells via the ROS‑regulated MAPK, STAT3 and NF‑κB signaling pathways |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | A549 |
| 7880- | isoO, | Inhibition of ROS-mediated activation Src-MAPK/AKT signaling by orientin alleviates H2O2-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | PC12 |
| 7795- | ISQ, | The Flavonol Isoquercitrin Promotes Mitochondrial-Dependent Apoptosis in SK-Mel-2 Melanoma Cell via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | SK-MEL-28 | - | in-vitro, | Nor, | HaCaT |
| 7794- | ISQ, | Isoquercitrin induces apoptosis and autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma cells via AMPK/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 | - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HUH7 |
| 8039- | IVM, | Ivermectin-Induced Apoptotic Cell Death in Human SH-SY5Y Cells Involves the Activation of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Pathway and Akt/mTOR-Pathway-Mediated Autophagy |
| - | NA, | neuroblastoma, | SH-SY5Y |
| 8025- | IVM, | Ivermectin has New Application in Inhibiting Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | SW480 | - | in-vivo, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 8024- | IVM, | Ivermectin induces apoptosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via mitochondrial pathway |
| - | vitro+vivo, | ESCC, | KYSE-30 | - | in-vitro, | ESCC, | NE3 |
| 8043- | IVM, | Ivermectin suppresses tumour growth and metastasis through degradation of PAK1 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma |
| - | vitro+vivo, | ESCC, | KYSE-30 | - | in-vitro, | ESCC, | KYSE70 | - | in-vitro, | ESCC, | KYSE150 |
| 7893- | IVT, | Isovitexin (IV) induces apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress |
| - | vitro+vivo, | Liver, | NA |
| 5114- | JG, | Juglone, from Juglans mandshruica Maxim, inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human leukemia cell HL-60 through a reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | HL-60 |
| 1918- | JG, | ROS -mediated p53 activation by juglone enhances apoptosis and autophagy in vivo and in vitro |
| - | in-vitro, | Liver, | HepG2 | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 8087- | KAE, | Therapeutic Importance of Kaempferol in the Treatment of Cancer through the Modulation of Cell Signalling Pathways |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 8095- | KAE, | Kaempferol: A Key Emphasis to Its Anticancer Potential |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 8097- | KAE, | The Phenolic compound Kaempferol overcomes 5-fluorouracil resistance in human resistant LS174 colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | LS174T |
| 8102- | KAE, | Kaempferol inhibits gastric cancer tumor growth: An in vitro and in vivo study |
| - | vitro+vivo, | GC, | MKN-28 | - | vitro+vivo, | GC, | SGC-7901 | - | in-vitro, | GC, | GES-1 |
| 8060- | KAE, | Mechanisms underlying apoptosis-inducing effects of Kaempferol in HT-29 human colon cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HT-29 |
| 8072- | KAE, | Natural defense against colorectal cancer: the effects of kaempferol on epigenetics, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell proliferation |
| - | Review, | CRC, | NA |
| 8075- | KAE, | QC, | Systematic review on anticancer potential of Kaempferol and quercetin against lung, breast, and colorectal cancers with emphasis on in vitro and in vivo studies |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 8081- | KAE, | The Anticancer Effects and Therapeutic Potential of Kaempferol in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer |
| - | Review, | BC, | NA |
| 2351- | lamb, | Anti-Warburg effect via generation of ROS and inhibition of PKM2/β-catenin mediates apoptosis of lambertianic acid in prostate cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 |
| 8152- | lamb, | TRAIL/rTRAIL, | Lambertianic Acid Sensitizes Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis via Inhibition of XIAP/NF-κB and Activation of Caspases and Death Receptor 4 |
| - | in-vitro, | NSCLC, | A549 | - | in-vitro, | Lung, | H1299 |
| 8151- | lamb, | Suppression of STAT3 Phosphorylation and RelA/p65 Acetylation Mediated by MicroRNA134 Plays a Pivotal Role in the Apoptotic Effect of Lambertianic Acid |
| - | in-vitro, | BC, | MCF7 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | DU145 | - | in-vitro, | Pca, | PC3 | - | in-vitro, | BC, | MDA-MB-231 |
| - | in-vitro, | HCC, | HepG2 | - | in-vitro, | HCC, | SK-HEP-1 |
| 8148- | lamb, | Anti-Cancer Effect of Lambertianic Acid by Inhibiting the AR in LNCaP Cells |
| - | in-vitro, | Pca, | LNCaP |
| 8156- | lamb, | A review on chemistry, source and therapeutic potential of lambertianic acid |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 8161- | LapC, | Lapachol is a novel ribosomal protein S6 kinase 2 inhibitor that suppresses growth and induces intrinsic apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | ESCC, | KYSE-30 | - | in-vitro, | ESCC, | KYSE450 | - | in-vitro, | ESCC, | KYSE-510 |
| 8175- | Las, | Lasiodin Inhibits Proliferation of Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells by Simultaneous Modulation of the Apaf-1/Caspase, AKT/MAPK and COX-2/NF-κB Signaling Pathways |
| - | in-vitro, | NPC, | NA |
| 8235- | LCA, | Anticancer effects of licochalcones: A review of the mechanisms |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 8237- | LCA, | Role of Licochalcone A in Potential Pharmacological Therapy: A Review |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 8241- | LCA, | Licochalcone A induces apoptotic cell death via JNK/p38 activation in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells |
| - | in-vitro, | NPC, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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