COX2/PTGS2 Cancer Research Results

COX2/PTGS2, cycloocygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA and Cox-2 protein: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj(inhibit)
Type:
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds involved in various physiological processes, including inflammation, pain, and fever. COX-2 is an inducible enzyme, meaning its expression is typically low in normal tissues but can be upregulated in response to inflammatory stimuli, growth factors, and certain oncogenic signals.
-Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, plays a key role in inflammation and circulatory homeostasis.
-COX-2 is an inducible enzyme that is upregulated in response to pro-inflammatory signals, including cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α) and growth factors.

COX-2 is often overexpressed in various tumors, including colorectal, breast, lung, and prostate cancers.
The prostaglandins produced by COX-2, particularly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), have several effects that can facilitate cancer progression:
Cell Proliferation: PGE2 can promote the proliferation of cancer cells by activating signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways.
Nonselective NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2. Epidemiological studies have suggested that regular use of NSAIDs may reduce the risk of certain cancers, particularly colorectal cancer.
Drugs specifically targeting COX-2, such as celecoxib, have been developed.

COX-2 and xanthine oxidase are ROS-producing pro-oxidant enzymes that contribute to inflammation. Elevated COX‑2 levels, often found in inflammatory conditions or certain types of cancers, can contribute to increased production of ROS.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
7080- GABA,    The Effect of Oral GABA on the Nervous System: Potential for Therapeutic Intervention
- Review, AD, NA
*BBB↝, *cognitive↑, *Dose↝, *toxicity↓, *Stress↓, *Inflam↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *IL6↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *Sleep↑, *Pain↓, *neuroP↑, *eff↑, *Ach↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *BP↓, *other↝,
5150- GamB,    Gambogic acid, a novel ligand for transferrin receptor, potentiates TNF-induced apoptosis through modulation of the nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway
- in-vitro, CLL, KBM-5 - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293
Apoptosis↑, ChemoSen↑, IAP1↓, IAP2/BIRC3↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, TRAF1↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, MMP9↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, NF-kB↓, eff↓,
7066- GamB,    Unravelling the Therapeutic Potential of Gambogic Acid: Deciphering Its Molecular Mechanism of Action and Emerging Role as an Anticancer Xanthone
- Review, Var, NA
angioG↓, TumMeta↓, ChemoSen↑, *cardioP↑, *Inflam↓, *AntiViral↑, *antiOx↑, NF-kB↓, TNF-α↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, iNOS↓, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, BioAv↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, SIRT1↓, Akt↓, mTORC1↓, AMPK↑, LRIG1↑, ER Stress↑, Paraptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, HSP90↓, GSH↓, lipid-P↑, GPx4↓, miR-21↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, PTEN↑, ASAP2↓, CDK7↓,
7067- GamB,    Gambogic Acid and Its Role in Chronic Diseases
- Review, Var, NA
*NF-kB↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, STAT3↓, STAT5↓, IL6↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, iNOS↓, MMPs↓, Src↓, PKA↓, CXCR4↑, VEGF↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, IAP1↓, Mcl-1↓, survivin↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, HSP90↓, HSP70/HSPA5↓, MAPK↓, HATs↓, HDAC↓, FAK↓, ROS↑, MMP7↓, MMP9↓, α-tubulin↑, cl‑PARP↑, TNF-α↓, BID↑, BAD↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, *AntiArt↑, *antiPs↑,
7088- GAR,    Garcinol inhibits tumour cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis via NF-κB inhibition in oral cancer
- in-vitro, SCC, SCC4
TumCG↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, NF-kB↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, VEGF↓,
7086- GAR,    Garcinol: An emerging epigenetic modifier with versatile anticancer properties
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, toxicity↓, Apoptosis↑, angioG↓, *BioAv↝, HATs↓, p300↓, CBP↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, STAT↓, mTOR↓, DFF45↓, survivin↓, N-cadherin↓, Twist↓, MMP2↓, MMP3↓, MMP9↓, Mcl-1↓, EZH2↓, NOTCH↓, CXCR4↓, PGE2↓, VEGF↓, mPGES-1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, CDK2↓, CDK4/6↓, iNOS↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, IL1↓, TNF-α↓, PARP↑, Bcl-2↓,
7092- GAR,    Garcinol and Its Role in Chronic Diseases
- Review, Var, NA
antiOx↑, Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, NF-kB↓, STAT3↓, antiNeop↑, 5LO↓, eff↑, HATs↓, p300↓, PCAF↓, miR-200c↑, NOTCH1↓, CSCs↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, VEGF↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, Wnt↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, ROS↑, CHOP/DDIT3↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp8↑, FAK↓, *neuroP↑, PCNA↓, *GSTs↑,
805- GAR,  Cisplatin,  PacT,    Garcinol Exhibits Anti-Neoplastic Effects by Targeting Diverse Oncogenic Factors in Tumor Cells
- Review, NA, NA
ERK↓, PI3K/Akt↓, Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, STAT3↓, NF-kB↓, ChemoSen↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, TGF-β↓, HATs↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, Zeb1↓, ZEB2↓, Let-7↑, MMP9↓, TumCCA↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, IL6↓, NOTCH1↓, antiNeop↑,
793- GAR,    Garcinol inhibits tumour cell proliferation, angiogenesis, cell cycle progression and induces apoptosis via NF-κB inhibition in oral cancer
- in-vitro, SCC, SCC9 - in-vitro, SCC, SCC4 - in-vitro, SCC, SCC25
TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, NF-kB↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, VEGF↓,
7238- GBE,    Preventive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBB) on the lipopolysaccharide-induced expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 via suppression of nuclear factor-kappaB in RAW 264.7 cells
- in-vitro, Nor, RAW264.7
*NO↓, *PGE2↓, *TNF-α↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NF-kB↓,
7108- GEN,    Genistein: A Review on its Anti-Inflammatory Properties
- Review, Nor, NA
*cardioP↑, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *PGE2↓, *iNOS↓, *ROS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *toxicity↑,
7107- GEN,    Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis and actions by genistein in human prostate cancer cells and by soy isoflavones in prostate cancer patients
- Trial, Pca, NA - in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vitro, Pca, PC3
COX2/PTGS2↓, P21↑, PGE2↓, other↑, Dose↝,
6562- Ger,    Potential Effects of Geraniol on Cancer and Inflammation-Related Diseases: A Review of the Recent Research Findings
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
*Inflam↓, *AntiCan↑, *AntiBio↑, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, ROS↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, P53↝, STAT3↓, Casp↝, *Catalase↑, *GSTs↑, *GPx↑, *AChE↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *TBARS↓, *NO↓, *XO↓, *memory↑, *IL1β↓, *iNOS↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *survivin↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCG↑, selectivity↑, TumMeta↓, angioG↓, Hif1a↓, Beclin-1/ATG6↓,
6570- Ger,    Apoptosis-Mediated Anticancer Activity of Geraniol Inhibits NF-κB, MAPK, and JAK-STAT-3 Signaling Pathways in Human Thyroid Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Thyroid, TPC-1
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *neuroP↑, tumCV↓, TumCP↓, ROS↑, Apoptosis?, MMP↓, Bcl-2↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, IL6↓, survivin↓, BAX↑, Casp3↑, JAK2↓, STAT3↓, ERK↓,
7141- GI,    Synthesis of New Shogaol Analogues as NRF2 Activators and Evaluation of Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Modes of Action and Metabolic Stability
- Study, Nor, BV2
*eff↑, *eff↓, *NRF2↑, *Inflam↓, *eff↑, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NF-kB↓, *eff↓, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↑,
7142- GI,    Phase II study of the Effects of Ginger Root Extract on Eicosanoids in Colon Mucosa in People at Normal Risk for Colorectal Cancer
- Trial, Nor, NA
COX2/PTGS2↓, *PGE2↓, *5-HETE↓, *12-HETE↓, *Eic↓, *AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, 5LO↓, eff↝,
7151- GI,    A novel shogaol analog suppresses cancer cell invasion and inflammation, and displays cytoprotective effects through modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathways
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, MCF7 - in-vitro, Nor, RAW264.7
MMP9↓, *NO↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *PGE2↓,
7140- GI,    Benefits of Ginger and Its Constituent 6-Shogaol in Inhibiting Inflammatory Processes
- Review, Var, NA
*Dose↝, *Inflam↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *iNOS↓, *NF-kB↓, *MAPK?, *HO-1↑, *PGE2↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *IL1β↓, *IFN-γ↓, *MCP1/CCL2↓, *MIP2↓, *RANTES↓, *MPO↓, *NO↓, *Stroke↓, *BrainVol↑, *MDA↓, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, NLRP3↓, HDAC1↓,
7138- GI,    6-Shogaol exerts anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects through the modulation of STAT3 and MAPKs signaling pathways
- vitro+vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, Pca, DU145 - in-vitro, Liver, HepG2 - in-vitro, Lung, A549
TumCP↓, TumMeta↓, p‑STAT3↓, JAK2↓, cSrc↓, JNK↑, p38↑, ERK↑, eff↓, ROS↑, cl‑PARP↑, TumCCA↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, eff↑, Bcl-2↑, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, MMP9↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, IAP1↓, Dose?,
7260- Gink,    Ginkgetin: A natural biflavone with versatile pharmacological activities
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA - Review, AD, NA
*AntiCan↑, *Inflam↓, *AntiBio↑, *neuroP↑, *TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, iNOS↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, PGE2↓, NF-kB↓, PLA2↓, *neuroP↑, *Stroke↓, *AntiFungal↓, *Bacteria↓, Bcl-xL↓, Bcl-2↓, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, IL6↓, STAT3↓, JAK1↓, survivin↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, IAP1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, PTEN↑, SHP1↑, eff↑, TumVol↓, TumW↓, *toxicity↓, *ROS↓,
4508- GLA,  aLinA,    α-Linolenic and γ-linolenic acids exercise differential antitumor effects on HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HT29
Apoptosis↑, *Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, lipid-P↑, COX2/PTGS2↝, MKP1↝,
7327- GSE,    Dietary-feeding of grape seed extract prevents azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in fischer 344 rats
- in-vivo, CRC, NA
chemoPv↑, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, iNOS↓, survivin↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, NF-kB↓, Risk↓,
7324- GSE,    A Pilot Study of a Grape Seed Procyanidin Extract for Lung Cancer Chemoprevention
- Trial, Lung, NA
BioAv↑, toxicity↝, Ki-67↓, miR-106b↓, chemoPv↑, Dose↝, miR-19b↓, PTEN↑, IGF-2R↑, p‑Akt↓, PGE2↓, PGI2↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, Inflam↓, cardioP↑,
1240- GSE,  PACs,    Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Inhibit Melanoma Cell Invasiveness by Reduction of PGE2 Synthesis and Reversal of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
- in-vitro, Melanoma, A375 - in-vitro, Melanoma, Hs294T
TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, PGE2↓, NF-kB↓, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, Fibronectin↓, N-cadherin↓,
7111- GSL,    In vitro antiinflammatory activity of a new sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Siegesbeckia glabrescens
- NA, Nor, NA
*NO↓, *PGE2↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NF-kB↓, *Inflam↓,
2503- H2,    Brain Metastases Completely Disappear in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Using Hydrogen Gas Inhalation: A Case Report
- Case Report, Lung, NA
TumVol↓, OS↑, Dose↝, Dose↝, CEA↓, CA125↓, CYFRA21-1↓, SIRT1↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, IL1β↓, IL6↓, TNF-α↓, HMGB1↓, NF-kB↓, EP2↓,
1638- HCAs,    Anticancer potential of hydroxycinnamic acids: mechanisms, bioavailability, and therapeutic applications
- Review, Nor, NA
*BioAv↓, Inflam↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, TumCCA↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, selectivity↑, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, antiOx↑, SOD↑, Catalase↑, GPx↑, GSH↑, NRF2↑, NF-kB↓, Cyc↓, CDK1↑, P21↑, p27/CDKN1B↑, P53↑, VEGF↓, MAPK↓,
1649- HCAs,    Anticancer Properties of Hydroxycinnamic Acids -A Review
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, TGF-β↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCCA↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, NF-kB↓,
2883- HNK,    Honokiol targets mitochondria to halt cancer progression and metastasis
- Review, Var, NA
ChemoSen↑, BBB↓, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, chemoPv↑, OCR↓, mitResp↓, Apoptosis↑, RadioS↑, NF-kB↓, Akt↓, TNF-α↓, PGE2↓, VEGF↓, NO↝, COX2/PTGS2↓, RAS↓, EMT↓, Snail↓, N-cadherin↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, E-cadherin↑, ER Stress↑, p‑STAT3↓, EGFR↓, mTOR↓, mt-ROS↑, PI3K↓, Wnt↓,
2868- HNK,    Honokiol: A review of its pharmacological potential and therapeutic insights
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Sepsis, NA
*P-gp/ABCB1↓, *ROS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL10↓, *IL6↓, eIF2α↑, CHOP/DDIT3↑, GRP78/BiP↑, BAX↑, cl‑Casp9↑, p‑PERK↑, ER Stress↑, Apoptosis↑, MMPs↓, cFLIP↓, CXCR4↓, Twist↓, HDAC↓, BMPs↑, p‑STAT3↓, mTOR↓, EGFR↓, NF-kB↓, Shh↓, VEGF↓, tumCV↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, ERK↓, Akt↓, Bcl-2↓, Nestin↓, CD133↓, p‑cMET↑, RAS↑, chemoP↑, *NRF2↑, *NADPH↓, *p‑Rac1↓, *ROS↓, *IKKα↑, *NF-kB↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *PGE2↓, *Casp3↓, *hepatoP↑, *antiOx↑, *GSH↑, *Catalase↑, *RenoP↑, *ALP↓, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *neuroP↑, *cardioP↑, *HO-1↑, *Inflam↓,
2864- HNK,    Honokiol: A Review of Its Anticancer Potential and Mechanisms
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, CDK2↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, AMPK↑, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, TumMeta↓, VEGFR2/KDR/Flk1↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *BBB↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, Dose↝, selectivity↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, NOTCH1↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cMyc↓, P21?, DR5↑, cl‑PARP↑, P53↑, Mcl-1↑, p65↓, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, JNK↑, NRF2↑, cJun↑, EF-1α↓, MAPK↓, PI3K↓, mTORC1↓, CSCs↓, OCT4↓, Nanog↓, SOX4↓, STAT3↓, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, PGE2↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↑, IKKα↓, HDAC↓, HATs↑, H3↑, H4↑, LC3II↑, c-Raf↓, SIRT3↑, Hif1a↓, ER Stress↑, GRP78/BiP↑, cl‑CHOP/DDIT3↑, MMP↓, PCNA↓, Zeb1↓, NOTCH3↓, CD133↓, Nestin↓, ATG5↑, ATG7↑, survivin↓, ChemoSen↑, SOX2↓, OS↑, P-gp/ABCB1↓, Half-Life↓, Half-Life↝, eff↑, BioAv↓,
2885- HNK,    Honokiol: a novel natural agent for cancer prevention and therapy
NF-kB↓, STAT3↓, EGFR↓, mTOR↓, BioAv↝, Inflam↓, TumCP↓, angioG↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, cSrc↓, JAK1↓, JAK2↓, ERK↓, Akt↓, PTEN↑, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, PGE2↓, TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, IL6↓, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, DNAdam↑, Cyt‑c↑, RadioS↑, RAS↓, BBB↑, BioAv↓, Half-Life↝, Half-Life↝, toxicity↓,
2891- HNK,    Honokiol, an Active Compound of Magnolia Plant, Inhibits Growth, and Progression of Cancers of Different Organs
- Review, Var, NA
AntiCan↑, Inflam↓, antiOx↑, selectivity↑, *toxicity↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE/CCNE↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, TumMeta↓, NADPH↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, p‑mTOR↓, EGFR↓, EMT↓, SIRT1↑, SIRT3↑, EZH2↓, Snail↓, Vim↓, N-cadherin↓, E-cadherin↑, COX2/PTGS2↓, NF-kB↓, *ROS↓, Ca+2↑, ROS↑,
2897- HNK,    Honokiol Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Induces Apoptosis Through Targeting Lyn Kinase in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells
- in-vitro, Lung, PC9 - in-vitro, Lung, A549
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, EGFR↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, STAT3↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↑, NF-kB↓, VEGF↓, MMP9↓, COX2/PTGS2↓,
1087- HNK,    Honokiol Inhibits Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Migration by Targeting PGE2-Mediated Activation of β-Catenin Signaling
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, H1299 - in-vitro, Lung, H460 - in-vitro, Lung, H226
TumCMig↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, PGE2↓, NF-kB↓, p65↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓,
7471- Hops,    Spent hops (Humulus Lupulus L.) extract as modulator of the inflammatory response in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages
- in-vitro, Nor, RAW264.7
*IL6↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *iNOS↓, *NO↓, *NF-kB↓, *Inflam↓,
7563- HYP,    Hyperoside alleviates macrophages and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress through activating PI3K/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway post spinal cord injury
- vitro+vivo, Nor, NA
*Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *Dose↝, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *TNF-α↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NOX4↓, *NOX2↓, *NOX1↓, *PI3K↑, *Akt↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *neuroP↑,
7560- HYP,    Hyperoside: A Review of Its Structure, Synthesis, Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity
- Review, Nor, NA - Review, AD, NA
*RenoP↓, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, MDA↑, GSH↓, SOD↓, Catalase↓, VEGF↓, Bcl-2↓, TumCG↓, p‑Akt↓, PI3K↓, TumCCA↑, TumCP↓, BMP7/OP1↓, *ZO-1↑, *BBB↝, *p‑Akt↑, *GSK‐3β↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *SIRT1↑, *NF-kB↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL8↓, *TNF-α↓, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *BAX↓, *Casp3↓, *Bcl-2↑, *BDNF↑, *TrkB↑, *NGF↑, *Apoptosis↓, *cardioP↑, *AST↓, *hepatoP↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *MDA↓, *BACH1↓, *neuroP↑, *Stroke↓, *ICAM-1↓, *VCAM-1↓, *TLR4↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *RenoP↑, *NLRP3↓, *Casp1↓, *ASC↓, *BioAv↓, *BioAv↑, *toxicity↓,
7631- Ins,  IP6,    Broad Spectrum Anticancer Activity of Myo-Inositol and Inositol Hexakisphosphate
- Review, Var, NA
other↑, p‑pRB↓, TumCCA↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, ERK↓, NF-kB↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, PGE2↓, PSEN1/PS1↓, EMT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, NOTCH1↓, N-cadherin↓, Snail↓, E-cadherin↑, fascin↓, Cofilin↓, MMPs↓, ROCK1↓, Dose↝, other↝, selectivity↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, ROS↑, NK cell↑, Imm↑, TNF-α↓, ChemoSen↑, Dose↑, toxicity↓, QoL↑, chemoP↑, OS↑, Dose↝, Insulin↓, glucose↝, lipoGen↓, eff↑,
7688- iod,  CEL,    Iodine prevents the increase of testosterone-induced oxidative stress in a model of rat prostatic hyperplasia
- in-vivo, Pca, NA
TumCP↓, ROS↓, NOS2↓, COX2/PTGS2↓,
1088- IP6,    Preventive Inositol Hexaphosphate Extracted from Rice Bran Inhibits Colorectal Cancer through Involvement of Wnt/β-Catenin and COX-2 Pathways
- in-vivo, CRC, NA
AntiTum↑, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, COX2/PTGS2↓,
7749- ISL,    Inhibition of COX-2, mPGES-1 and CYP4A by isoliquiritigenin blocks the angiogenic Akt signaling in glioma through ceRNA effect of miR-194-5p and lncRNA NEAT1
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
angioG↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, mPGES-1↓, CYP4A/CYP4A11/CYP4A22↓, FGF21↓, TGF-β↓, VEGF↓, miR-194↑, NEAT1↓,
7750- ISL,    Isoliquiritigenin in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review of Its Preventive and Anti-metastatic Mechanisms
- Review, BC, NA
AntiCan↑, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, mTOR↓, AApath↓, EMT↓, BRCA1↝, PI3K↓, Akt↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, NF-kB↓,
7781- ISL,    Perspectives on the Role of Isoliquiritigenin in Cancer
- Review, Var, NA
*BioAv↝, *BBB↓, *BioAv↑, selectivity↑, *neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, NF-kB↓, TNF-α↓, IL6↓, IL1β↓, IL10↓, ICAM-1↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, PPARγ↑, MMP2↓, cFos↓, VEGF↓, CHOP/DDIT3↓, CTSK↓, CycB/CCNB1↑, cycD1/CCND1↑, TOP2↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, MMP9↓, TIMP1↓, ChemoSen↑, CSCs↓,
7866- isoO,    Orientin and Cancer Suppression: Molecular Mechanisms and Synergistic Effects
- Review, Var, NA
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, angioG↓, TumMeta↓, selectivity↑, *toxicity↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Diablo↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, DNAdam↑, γH2AX↑, ROS↑, PCNA↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, P21↑, NF-kB↓, HH↓, Ki-67↓, COX2/PTGS2↓, TNF-α↓, ChemoSen↑, chemoP↑, eff↑, angioG↓,
7864- isoO,    Isoorientin Inhibits Amyloid β25-35-Induced Neuronal Inflammation in BV2 Cells by Blocking the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
- in-vitro, AD, BV2
*iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *ROS↓, *NF-kB↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Bcl-2↑, *BAX↓, *cl‑Casp9↓, *cl‑Casp3↓, *cl‑PARP↓, *NeuroI↓,
7863- isoO,    Isoorientin, a Selective Inhibitor of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) from the Tubers of Pueraria tuberosa
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*COX2/PTGS2↓,
7862- isoO,    Isoorientin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory responses through down-regulation of ROS-related MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in BV-2 microglia
- in-vitro, Nor, BV2
*Apoptosis↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *NO↓, *TNF-α↓, *MAPK↓, *NF-kB↓, *ROS↓, *NeuroI↓,
7861- isoO,    Isoorientin Inhibits Inflammation in Macrophages and Endotoxemia Mice by Regulating Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 β
- vitro+vivo, Nor, RAW264.7
*Inflam↓, *GSK‐3β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *IL1β↓, *p‑GSK‐3β↑, *eff↑, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *ERK↓, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *OCLN↑, *ZO-1↑, *BBB↝,
7852- isoO,    Neuroprotection of isoorientin against microglia activation induced by lipopolysaccharide via regulating GSK3β, NF-κb and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways
- in-vitro, AD, NA
*GSK‐3β↓, *TNF-α↓, *COX2/PTGS2↓, *BDNF↑, *AIF1/Iba-1↓, *IκB↑, *HO-1↑, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑,

Showing Research Papers: 251 to 300 of 491
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* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 491

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

AApath↓, 1,   ASAP2↓, 1,   BMP7/OP1↓, 1,   CDK7↓, 1,   CTSK↓, 1,   CYP4A/CYP4A11/CYP4A22↓, 1,   IGF-2R↑, 1,   LRIG1↑, 1,   miR-106b↓, 1,   NEAT1↓, 1,   PGI2↓, 1,   PLA2↓, 1,   PSEN1/PS1↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 3,   Catalase↓, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH↓, 2,   GSH↑, 1,   lipid-P↑, 2,   MDA↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 2,   ROS↓, 2,   ROS↑, 11,   mt-ROS↑, 1,   SIRT3↑, 2,   SOD↓, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics(tgid=3) ⓘ

Insulin↓, 1,   mitResp↓, 1,   MMP↓, 4,   OCR↓, 1,   c-Raf↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

AMPK↑, 2,   ATG7↑, 1,   cMyc↓, 3,   FGF21↓, 1,   glucose↝, 1,   lipoGen↓, 1,   NADPH↓, 1,   PI3K/Akt↓, 1,   PPARγ↑, 1,   SIRT1↓, 2,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↓, 12,   p‑Akt↓, 2,   Apoptosis?, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 15,   BAD↑, 1,   BAX↑, 3,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 8,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 4,   BID↑, 1,   Casp↝, 1,   Casp3↑, 10,   Casp8↑, 4,   Casp9↑, 7,   cl‑Casp9↑, 1,   CBP↓, 1,   cFLIP↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 4,   Diablo↑, 1,   DR5↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 1,   IAP1↓, 4,   IAP2/BIRC3↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 5,   JNK↑, 2,   MAPK↓, 3,   Mcl-1↓, 2,   Mcl-1↑, 1,   MKP1↝, 1,   p27/CDKN1B↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,   Paraptosis↑, 1,   survivin↓, 7,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction(tgid=6) ⓘ

cSrc↓, 2,   EF-1α↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

cJun↑, 1,   EZH2↓, 2,   H3↑, 1,   H4↑, 1,   HATs↓, 4,   HATs↑, 1,   miR-21↓, 1,   other↑, 2,   other↝, 1,   PCAF↓, 1,   p‑pRB↓, 1,   tumCV↓, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress(tgid=8) ⓘ

CHOP/DDIT3↓, 1,   CHOP/DDIT3↑, 2,   cl‑CHOP/DDIT3↑, 1,   eIF2α↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 4,   GRP78/BiP↑, 2,   HSP70/HSPA5↓, 1,   HSP90↓, 2,   p‑PERK↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes(tgid=9) ⓘ

ATG5↑, 1,   Beclin-1/ATG6↓, 1,   LC3II↑, 1,   TumAuto↑, 3,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

BRCA1↝, 1,   DFF45↓, 1,   DNAdam↑, 3,   P53↑, 2,   P53↝, 1,   PARP↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 6,   PCNA↓, 3,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

CDK1↑, 1,   CDK2↓, 3,   CDK4↓, 3,   Cyc↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↑, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 8,   cycD1/CCND1↑, 1,   cycE/CCNE↓, 1,   P21?, 1,   P21↑, 3,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 11,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

CD133↓, 2,   cFos↓, 1,   p‑cMET↑, 1,   CSCs↓, 3,   EMT↓, 6,   EP2↓, 1,   ERK↓, 5,   ERK↑, 1,   HDAC↓, 3,   HDAC1↓, 1,   HH↓, 1,   Let-7↑, 1,   miR-194↑, 1,   mTOR↓, 6,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   mTORC1↓, 2,   Nanog↓, 1,   Nestin↓, 2,   NOTCH↓, 1,   NOTCH1↓, 4,   NOTCH3↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   p300↓, 2,   PI3K↓, 11,   PTEN↑, 4,   RAS↓, 2,   RAS↑, 1,   Shh↓, 1,   SHP1↑, 1,   SOX2↓, 1,   Src↓, 1,   STAT↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 9,   p‑STAT3↓, 3,   STAT5↓, 1,   TOP2↑, 1,   TumCG↓, 4,   TumCG↑, 1,   Wnt↓, 2,   Wnt↑, 1,   Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

5LO↓, 2,   Ca+2↑, 2,   CDK4/6↓, 1,   CEA↓, 1,   Cofilin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 5,   FAK↓, 2,   fascin↓, 1,   Fibronectin↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 2,   miR-19b↓, 1,   miR-200c↑, 1,   MMP2↓, 7,   MMP3↓, 1,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 13,   MMPs↓, 4,   N-cadherin↓, 5,   PKA↓, 1,   ROCK1↓, 1,   Snail↓, 3,   SOX4↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 3,   TIMP1↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 6,   TumCMig↓, 5,   TumCP↓, 12,   TumMeta↓, 8,   Twist↓, 2,   Vim↓, 3,   Zeb1↓, 2,   ZEB2↓, 1,   α-tubulin↑, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 6,   β-catenin/ZEB1↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

angioG↓, 9,   EGFR↓, 5,   Hif1a↓, 3,   NO↝, 1,   VEGF↓, 16,   VEGFR2/KDR/Flk1↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↓, 1,   BBB↑, 1,   P-gp/ABCB1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

COX2/PTGS2↓, 33,   COX2/PTGS2↝, 1,   CXCR4↓, 2,   CXCR4↑, 1,   HMGB1↓, 1,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IKKα↓, 1,   IL1↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 3,   IL6↓, 7,   Imm↑, 1,   Inflam↓, 5,   JAK1↓, 2,   JAK2↓, 3,   mPGES-1↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 25,   NK cell↑, 1,   p65↓, 2,   PGE2↓, 10,   TNF-α↓, 10,   TNF-α↑, 1,   TRAF1↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

NLRP3↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 3,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 10,   Dose?, 1,   Dose↑, 1,   Dose↝, 7,   eff↓, 2,   eff↑, 6,   eff↝, 1,   Half-Life↓, 1,   Half-Life↝, 3,   RadioS↑, 3,   selectivity↑, 8,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

BMPs↑, 1,   BRCA1↝, 1,   CA125↓, 1,   CEA↓, 1,   CYFRA21-1↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 5,   EZH2↓, 2,   IL6↓, 7,   Ki-67↓, 2,   NOS2↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 6,   antiNeop↑, 2,   AntiTum↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 4,   chemoPv↑, 3,   OS↑, 3,   QoL↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   toxicity↓, 3,   toxicity↝, 1,   TumVol↓, 2,   TumW↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 275

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


NA, unassigned(tgid=0) ⓘ

12-HETE↓, 1,   5-HETE↓, 1,   AIF1/Iba-1↓, 1,   AntiArt↑, 1,   AntiBio↑, 2,   Eic↓, 1,   NeuroI↓, 2,   NOX1↓, 1,   NOX2↓, 1,   Stress↓, 1,   Stroke↓, 3,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress(tgid=1) ⓘ

antiOx↑, 9,   Catalase↑, 3,   GPx↑, 1,   GSH↑, 4,   GSTs↑, 2,   HO-1↑, 6,   lipid-P↓, 1,   MDA↓, 3,   MPO↓, 1,   NOX4↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 7,   ROS↓, 11,   SOD↑, 2,   TBARS↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis(tgid=4) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   NADPH↓, 1,   SIRT1↑, 1,  

Cell Death(tgid=5) ⓘ

Akt↑, 1,   p‑Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 3,   BAX↓, 2,   Bcl-2↑, 2,   Casp1↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 2,   cl‑Casp3↓, 1,   cl‑Casp9↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 11,   MAPK?, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   survivin↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics(tgid=7) ⓘ

Ach↑, 1,   other↝, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair(tgid=10) ⓘ

cl‑PARP↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence(tgid=11) ⓘ

TumCCA↑, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State(tgid=12) ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 2,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   p‑GSK‐3β↑, 1,   PI3K↑, 1,  

Migration(tgid=13) ⓘ

BACH1↓, 1,   p‑Rac1↓, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 1,   ZO-1↑, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature(tgid=14) ⓘ

NO↓, 7,  

Barriers & Transport(tgid=15) ⓘ

BBB↓, 1,   BBB↑, 1,   BBB↝, 3,   OCLN↑, 1,   P-gp/ABCB1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling(tgid=16) ⓘ

ASC↓, 1,   COX2/PTGS2↓, 17,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IKKα↑, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 6,   IL6↓, 8,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 17,   IκB↑, 1,   MCP1/CCL2↓, 1,   MIP2↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 14,   PGE2↓, 7,   RANTES↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 10,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission(tgid=18) ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 2,   BrainVol↑, 1,   NGF↑, 1,   TrkB↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation(tgid=19) ⓘ

NLRP3↓, 1,   XO↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance(tgid=21) ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 3,   Dose↝, 3,   eff↓, 2,   eff↑, 4,  

Clinical Biomarkers(tgid=22) ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   ALP↓, 1,   AST↓, 4,   BP↓, 1,   IL6↓, 8,  

Functional Outcomes(tgid=23) ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 3,   antiPs↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 4,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 2,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 12,   Pain↓, 1,   RenoP↓, 1,   RenoP↑, 2,   Sleep↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 5,   toxicity↑, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome(tgid=24) ⓘ

AntiFungal↓, 1,   AntiViral↑, 1,   Bacteria↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 112

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: COX2/PTGS2, cycloocygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA and Cox-2 protein
28 Curcumin
25 Thymoquinone
19 Quercetin
18 Resveratrol
15 Fisetin
12 Lycopene
11 Celecoxib
11 Chrysin
11 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
10 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
10 Propolis -bee glue
10 Eugenol
9 Boswellia (frankincense)
9 Carvacrol
9 isoorientin
9 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
8 Berberine
8 Beta-Caryophyllene
8 Diclofenac
7 Artemisinin
7 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
7 Honokiol
7 Kaempferol
7 Rosmarinic acid
6 Chlorogenic acid
6 Ginger/6-Shogaol/Gingerol
5 Radiotherapy/Radiation
5 Baicalein
5 Echinacea
5 Ellagic acid
5 Ferulic acid
5 Garcinol
5 Piperine
4 Aspirin
4 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
4 Capsaicin
4 Cisplatin
4 lambertianic acid
4 Shikonin
4 Urolithin
3 Silver-NanoParticles
3 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
3 Isovitexin
3 Betulinic acid
3 Bromelain
3 α-Bisabolol / Chamomile oil
3 Butyrate
3 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
3 Cichoric acid / Chicoric acid
3 Chemotherapy
3 D-limonene
3 Dandelion Root
3 Formononetin
3 Gambogic Acid
3 Grapeseed extract
3 Isoliquiritigenin
3 Luteolin
3 Magnetic Fields
3 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
3 Pterostilbene
3 Rutin
2 acetaminophen
2 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
2 alpha Linolenic acid
2 Phyllanthus emblica/Emblica officinalis/Amla / Indian Gooseberry
2 Andrographis
2 Baicalin
2 xanthohumol
2 Cannabidiol
2 Boron
2 buckwheat sprouts
2 Caffeic acid
2 Carnosic acid
2 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
2 Chocolate
2 Crocetin
2 Ursolic acid
2 CUSP9
2 Docosahexaenoic Acid
2 Emodin
2 Genistein (soy isoflavone)
2 Geraniol
2 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
2 Hyperoside
2 IP6 (Inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate)
2 Vitexin
2 Licorice
2 Lemongrass Extract/Citral
2 Magnolol
2 Naringin
2 Nimbolide
2 Oleuropein
2 Oleocanthal
2 Piperlongumine
2 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
2 Vitamin K2
1 1,8-Cineole
1 Auranofin
1 Aloe anthraquinones
1 Biochanin A
1 Bufalin/Huachansu
1 Brucea javanica
1 brusatol
1 Bruteridin(bergamot juice)
1 Cynanbungeigenin C (CBC) and D (CBD)
1 cannabidiolic acid
1 Celastrol
1 Cinnamon
1 Cynara scolymus/Globe Artichoke/Artichoke Extract
1 Cucurbitacin
1 Lecithin
1 Oxygen, Hyperbaric
1 Docetaxel
1 Galantamine
1 Dichloroacetate
1 Date Fruit Extract
1 eicosapentaenoic acid
1 Evodiamine
1 Exercise
1 flavonoids
1 Bortezomib
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Gamma-aminobutyric acid
1 Paclitaxel/Taxol
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 Ginkgetin
1 γ-linolenic acid (Borage Oil)
1 Proanthocyanidins
1 Siegesbeckia glabrescens
1 Hydrogen Gas
1 Hops (Humulus lupulus)
1 Inositol
1 iodine
1 Laetrile B17 Amygdalin
1 Lasiodin
1 Licochalcone A
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Melatonin
1 Metformin
1 Magnetic Field Rotating
1 Methylsulfonylmethane
1 Mushroom Lion’s Mane
1 Myricetin
1 Neem
1 Protocatechuic acid
1 Mung Bean Sprouts
1 Polyphenols
1 Perilla
1 Germacranolide sesquiterpene lactone
1 Salvia officinalis
1 Sanguinarine
1 Sesame seeds and Oil
1 Aflavin-3,3′-digallate
1 doxorubicin
1 Turmerones
1 Vitamin B1/Thiamine
1 Whole Body Vibration
1 Wogonin
1 Zerumbone
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:66  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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