| Source: HalifaxProj(inhibit) |
| Type: |
| Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, which are lipid compounds involved in various physiological processes, including inflammation, pain, and fever. COX-2 is an inducible enzyme, meaning its expression is typically low in normal tissues but can be upregulated in response to inflammatory stimuli, growth factors, and certain oncogenic signals. -Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the rate-limiting enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, plays a key role in inflammation and circulatory homeostasis. -COX-2 is an inducible enzyme that is upregulated in response to pro-inflammatory signals, including cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α) and growth factors. COX-2 is often overexpressed in various tumors, including colorectal, breast, lung, and prostate cancers. The prostaglandins produced by COX-2, particularly prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), have several effects that can facilitate cancer progression: Cell Proliferation: PGE2 can promote the proliferation of cancer cells by activating signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways. Nonselective NSAIDs, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2. Epidemiological studies have suggested that regular use of NSAIDs may reduce the risk of certain cancers, particularly colorectal cancer. Drugs specifically targeting COX-2, such as celecoxib, have been developed. COX-2 and xanthine oxidase are ROS-producing pro-oxidant enzymes that contribute to inflammation. Elevated COX‑2 levels, often found in inflammatory conditions or certain types of cancers, can contribute to increased production of ROS. |
| 3330- | SIL, | Mechanistic Insights into the Pharmacological Significance of Silymarin |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3328- | SIL, | Modulatory effect of silymarin on inflammatory mediators in experimentally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia: emphasis on PTEN, HIF-1α, and NF-κB |
| - | in-vivo, | BPH, | NA |
| 3323- | SIL, | Anticancer therapeutic potential of silibinin: current trends, scope and relevance |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3320- | SIL, | Neuroprotective Potential of Silymarin against CNS Disorders: Insight into the Pathways and Molecular Mechanisms of Action |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA |
| 3319- | SIL, | Silymarin and neurodegenerative diseases: Therapeutic potential and basic molecular mechanisms |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3300- | SIL, | Toward the definition of the mechanism of action of silymarin: activities related to cellular protection from toxic damage induced by chemotherapy |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3301- | SIL, | Critical review of therapeutic potential of silymarin in cancer: A bioactive polyphenolic flavonoid |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3295- | SIL, | Hepatoprotective effect of silymarin |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 3290- | SIL, | A review of therapeutic potentials of milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.) and its main constituent, silymarin, on cancer, and their related patents |
| - | Analysis, | Var, | NA |
| 3282- | SIL, | Role of Silymarin in Cancer Treatment: Facts, Hypotheses, and Questions |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 2191- | SK, | Shikonin Suppresses Skin Carcinogenesis via Inhibiting Cell Proliferation |
| - | in-vitro, | Melanoma, | NA |
| 2197- | SK, | Shikonin derivatives for cancer prevention and therapy |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3040- | SK, | Pharmacological Properties of Shikonin – A Review of Literature since 2002 |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | IBD, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 2469- | SK, | Shikonin induces the apoptosis and pyroptosis of EGFR-T790M-mutant drug-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cells via the degradation of cyclooxygenase-2 |
| - | in-vitro, | Lung, | H1975 |
| 5339- | TFdiG, | Pre-treated theaflavin-3,3′-digallate has a higher inhibitory effect on the HCT116 cell line |
| - | in-vitro, | CRC, | HCT116 |
| 1019- | TQ, | Thymoquinone suppresses migration of LoVo human colon cancer cells by reducing prostaglandin E2 induced COX-2 activation |
| - | vitro+vivo, | CRC, | LoVo |
| 2353- | TQ, | The effects of thymoquinone on pancreatic cancer: Evidence from preclinical studies |
| - | Review, | PC, | NA |
| 2124- | TQ, | Thymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2122- | TQ, | Review on Molecular and Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone in Cancer |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2127- | TQ, | Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone in Glioblastoma Treatment: Targeting Major Gliomagenesis Signaling Pathways |
| - | Review, | GBM, | NA |
| 2128- | TQ, | Thymoquinone inhibits phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-κB and expression of COX-2, and induces expression of cytoprotective enzymes in mouse skin in vivo |
| - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 2136- | TQ, | Nigella sativa and thymoquinone suppress cyclooxygenase-2 and oxidative stress in pancreatic tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 2084- | TQ, | Thymoquinone, as an anticancer molecule: from basic research to clinical investigation |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2088- | TQ, | Nigella sativa L. and Its Bioactive Constituents as Hepatoprotectant: A Review |
| - | Review, | Nor, | NA |
| 2095- | TQ, | Review on the Potential Therapeutic Roles of Nigella sativa in the Treatment of Patients with Cancer: Involvement of Apoptosis |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 2100- | TQ, | Dual properties of Nigella Sative: Anti-oxidant and Pro-oxidant |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 2103- | TQ, | Anti-inflammatory effects of the Nigella sativa seed extract, thymoquinone, in pancreatic cancer cells |
| - | in-vitro, | PC, | Hs766t | - | in-vitro, | PC, | MIA PaCa-2 |
| 2108- | TQ, | Anti-cancer properties and mechanisms of action of thymoquinone, the major active ingredient of Nigella sativa |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3405- | TQ, | doxoR, | Protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanism |
| - | vitro+vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 3410- | TQ, | Anti-inflammatory effects of thymoquinone and its protective effects against several diseases |
| - | Review, | Arthritis, | NA |
| 3407- | TQ, | Thymoquinone and its pharmacological perspective: A review |
| - | Review, | NA, | NA |
| 3397- | TQ, | Thymoquinone: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer |
| - | Review, | CRC, | NA |
| 3425- | TQ, | Advances in research on the relationship between thymoquinone and pancreatic cancer |
| 3427- | TQ, | Chemopreventive and Anticancer Effects of Thymoquinone: Cellular and Molecular Targets |
| 3422- | TQ, | Thymoquinone, as a Novel Therapeutic Candidate of Cancers |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3429- | TQ, | Thymoquinone exerts potent growth-suppressive activity on leukemia through DNA hypermethylation reversal in leukemia cells |
| - | in-vitro, | AML, | NA | - | in-vivo, | NA, | NA |
| 3559- | TQ, | Molecular signaling pathway targeted therapeutic potential of thymoquinone in Alzheimer’s disease |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 3571- | TQ, | The Role of Thymoquinone in Inflammatory Response in Chronic Diseases |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA |
| 3573- | TQ, | Chronic diseases, inflammation, and spices: how are they linked? |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 5904- | TV, | Pharmacological Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of Thymol: Prospects for Its Therapeutic Potential and Pharmaceutical Development |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA | - | Review, | Diabetic, | NA | - | Review, | Obesity, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Arthritis, | NA |
| 5021- | UA, | Anticancer effect of ursolic acid via mitochondria-dependent pathways |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4875- | Uro, | Impact of the Natural Compound Urolithin A on Health, Disease, and Aging |
| - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Stroke, | NA | - | Review, | ostP, | NA | - | Review, | IBD, | NA |
| 4877- | Uro, | Urolithin-A Derivative UAS03 Improves Cognitive Deficits and Memory by Activating Nrf2 Pathways to Alleviate Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 4833- | Uro, | Unveiling the potential of Urolithin A in Cancer Therapy: Mechanistic Insights to Future Perspectives of Nanomedicine |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | IBD, | NA |
| 4837- | Uro, | Urolithins: The Gut Based Polyphenol Metabolites of Ellagitannins in Cancer Prevention, a Review |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 4311- | VitB1/Thiamine, | Benfotiamine treatment activates the Nrf2/ARE pathway and is neuroprotective in a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy |
| - | in-vivo, | AD, | NA |
| 3107- | VitC, | Repurposing Vitamin C for Cancer Treatment: Focus on Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA |
| 1218- | VitC, | ASA, | Ascorbic acid enhances the inhibitory effect of aspirin on neuronal cyclooxygenase-2-mediated prostaglandin E2 production |
| - | in-vitro, | GBM, | SK-N-SH |
| 2276- | VitK2, | Vitamin K2 (MK-7) Intercepts Keap-1/Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathway and Hinders Inflammatory/Apoptotic Signaling and Liver Aging in Naturally Aging Rat |
| - | in-vivo, | Nor, | NA |
| 2277- | VitK2, | Vitamin K2 suppresses rotenone-induced microglial activation in vitro |
| - | in-vitro, | Nor, | BV2 | - | NA, | AD, | NA | - | NA, | Park, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:% IllCat:% CanType:% Cells:% prod#:% Target#:66 State#:% Dir#:%
wNotes=0 sortOrder:rid,rpid