NRF2 Cancer Research Results

NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: TCGA
Type: Antiapoptotic
Nrf2 is responsible for regulating an extensive panel of antioxidant enzymes involved in the detoxification and elimination of oxidative stress. Thought of as "Master Regulator" of antioxidant response.
-One way to estimate Nrf2 induction is through the expression of NQO1.
NQO1, the most potent inducer:
SFN 0.2 μM,
quercetin (2.5 μM),
curcumin (2.7 μM),
Silymarin (3.6 μM),
tamoxifen (5.9 μM),
genistein (6.2 μM ),
beta-carotene (7.2μM),
lutein (17 μM),
resveratrol (21 μM),
indol-3-carbinol (50 μM),
chlorophyll (250 μM),
alpha-cryptoxanthin (1.8 mM),
and zeaxanthin (2.2 mM)

1. Raising Nrf2 enhances the cell's antioxidant defenses and ↓ROS. This strategy is used to decrease chemo-radio side effects.
2. Downregulating Nrf2 lowers antioxidant defenses and ↑ROS. In cancer cells this leads to DNA damage, and cell death.
3. However there are some cases where increasing Nrf2 paradoxically causes an increase in ROS (cancer cells). Such as cases of Mitochondial overload, signal crosstalk, reductive stress

-In some cases, Nrf2 is overexpressed in cancer cells, which can lead to the activation of genes involved in cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This can contribute to the development of resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapies.
-Increased Nrf2 expression: Lung, Breast, Colorectal, Prostrate.
Decreased Nrf2 expression: Skine, Liver, Pancreatic.
-Nrf2 is a cytoprotective transcription factor which demonstrated both a negative effect as well as a positive effect on cancer
- "promotes Nrf2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus," means facilitates the movement of Nrf2 into the nucleus, thereby enhancing the cell's antioxidant and cytoprotective responses. -Major regulator of Nrf2 activity in cells is the cytosolic inhibitor Keap1.

Nrf2 Inhibitors and Activators
Nrf2 Inhibitors: Brusatol, Luteolin, Trigonelline, VitC, Retinoic acid, Chrysin
Nrf2 Activators: SFN, OPZ EGCG, Resveratrol, DATS, CUR, CDDO, Api
- potent Nrf2 inducers from plants include sulforaphane, curcumin, EGCG, resveratrol, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, wasabi, cafestol and kahweol (coffee), cinnamon, ginger, garlic, lycopene, rosemany

Nrf2 plays dual roles in that it can protect normal tissues against oxidative damage and can act as an oncogenic protein in tumor tissue.
– In healthy tissues, NRF2 activation helps protect cells from oxidative damage and maintains cellular homeostasis.
– In many cancers, constitutive activation of NRF2 (often through mutations in NRF2 itself or loss-of-function mutations in KEAP1) leads to an enhanced antioxidant capacity.
– This upregulation can promote tumor cell survival by enabling cancer cells to thrive under oxidative stress, resist chemotherapeutic agents, and sustain metabolic reprogramming.
– Elevated NRF2 levels have been implicated in promoting tumor growth, metastasis, and resistance to therapy in various malignancies.
– High or sustained NRF2 activity is frequently associated with aggressive tumor phenotypes, poorer prognosis, and decreased overall survival in several cancer types.
– While its activation is essential for protecting normal cells from oxidative stress, aberrant or sustained NRF2 activation in tumor cells can lead to enhanced survival, therapeutic resistance, and tumor progression.

NRF2 inhibitors: (to decrease antioxidant defenses and increase cell death from ROS).
-Brusatol: most cited natural inhibitors of Nrf2.
-Luteolin: luteolin can reduce Nrf2 activity in specific cancer models and may enhance cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. However, luteolin is also known as an antioxidant, and its influence on Nrf2 can sometimes be context dependent.
-Apigenin: certain studies to down‑regulate Nrf2 in cancer cells: Dose and context dependent .
-Oridonin:
-Wogonin: although its effects might be cell‑ and dose‑specific.
- Withaferin A

Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
4722- Se,    The Yin and Yang of Nrf2-Regulated Selenoproteins in Carcinogenesis
- Review, Var, NA
Risk↓, *NRF2↓, NRF2↑, *NRF2↓, OS↑, eff↝, eff↝, NRF2↝,
4734- SeNPs,  CPT-11,    Cytotoxicity and therapeutic effect of irinotecan combined with selenium nanoparticles
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT8 - in-vivo, NA, NA
chemoP↑, ChemoSen↑, P53↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓, Casp↑, Dose↝, NRF2↓, selectivity↑, *NRF2↑,
4735- SeNPs,    Selenium triggers Nrf2-AMPK crosstalk to alleviate cadmium-induced autophagy in rabbit cerebrum
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MDA↓, *H2O2↓, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GSTs↑, *GSH↑, *NRF2↓, *ATG3↓, *AMPK↓, *ROS↓,
4200- SFN,    Sulforaphane activates anti-inflammatory microglia, modulating stress resilience associated with BDNF transcription
- in-vitro, NA, NA
*NRF2↑, *BDNF↑, *Inflam↓,
4202- SFN,    Regulation of BDNF transcription by Nrf2 and MeCP2 ameliorates MPTP-induced neurotoxicity
- Review, Park, NA
*NRF2↑, *BDNF↑,
4201- SFN,    Activation of BDNF by transcription factor Nrf2 contributes to antidepressant-like actions in rodents
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*NRF2↑, *BDNF↑, *HDAC2↓, *Mood↑,
4199- SFN,    Sulforaphane and Brain Health: From Pathways of Action to Effects on Specific Disorders
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*BBB↑, *BDNF↑, *neuroG↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *HSPs↑, *GSTs↑, *Trx↑, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, *GSH↑, *NQO1↑, *GutMicro↑, *Inflam↓, *neuroP↑,
3180- SFN,    Exploring the therapeutic effects of sulforaphane: an in-depth review on endoplasmic reticulum stress modulation across different disease contexts
- Review, Var, NA
*cardioP↑, *ER Stress↓, GRP78/BiP↑, XBP-1↑, Apoptosis↑, *NRF2↑, UPR↑,
3193- SFN,    Epigenetic Therapeutics Targeting NRF2/KEAP1 Signaling in Cancer Oxidative Stress
- Review, Var, NA
DNMTs↓, HDAC↑, NRF2↑, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, NQO1↑, COMT↑, TumCG↓, *toxicity↓,
3184- SFN,    The Integrative Role of Sulforaphane in Preventing Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and Fatigue: A Review of a Potential Protective Phytochemical
- Review, Nor, NA
*NRF2↑, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *ROS↓, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *BioAv↝, *cardioP↑, *GPx↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *HO-1↑, *NADPH↑, *NQO1↑, *LDH↓, *hepatoP↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *IL6↓,
3192- SFN,    Transcriptome analysis reveals a dynamic and differential transcriptional response to sulforaphane in normal and prostate cancer cells and suggests a role for Sp1 in chemoprevention
- in-vitro, Pca, PC3
Sp1/3/4↓, selectivity↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, TumCCA↑, selectivity↑, HO-1↑, NQO1↑, CDK2↓, TumCP↓, BID↑, Smad1↑, Diablo↑, ICAD↑, Cyt‑c↑, IAP1↑, HSP27↑, *Cyt‑c↓, *IAP1↓, *HSP27↓, survivin↓, CDK4↓, VEGF↓, AR↓,
3663- SFN,    Efficacy of Sulforaphane in Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *Half-Life↝, *NRF2↑, *NQO1↑, *HO-1↑, *TrxR↑, *ROS↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *iNOS↓, *COX2↓, *Aβ↓, *GSH↑, *cognitive↑, *BACE↓, *HSP70/HSPA5↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *BBB↑, *MMP9↓,
3660- SFN,    Sulforaphane - role in aging and neurodegeneration
- Review, AD, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *HDAC↓, *DNMTs↓, *neuroP↑, *AntiAge↑, *DNMT1↓, *DNMT3A↓, *memory↑, *HO-1↑, *ROS↓, *NO↓, *GSH↑, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL10↑,
3659- SFN,    Epigenetic modification of Nrf2 by sulforaphane increases the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory capacity in a cellular model of Alzheimer's disease
- in-vitro, AD, NA
*NRF2↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *Inflam↓,
3658- SFN,    Pre-Clinical Neuroprotective Evidences and Plausible Mechanisms of Sulforaphane in Alzheimer’s Disease
- Review, AD, NA
*NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *Aβ↓, *BACE↓, *NQO1↑, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *NF-kB↓, *NLRP3↓, *Ca+2↓, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *ROS↓, *SOD↑, *HO-1↑, *TrxR↑, *cognitive↑, *tau↓, *HSP70/HSPA5↑,
3657- SFN,    Sulforaphane exerts its anti-inflammatory effect against amyloid-β peptide via STAT-1 dephosphorylation and activation of Nrf2/HO-1 cascade in human THP-1 macrophages
- NA, AD, THP1
*NLRP3↓, *Inflam↓, *IL1β↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑,
3656- SFN,    Chronic diseases, inflammation, and spices: how are they linked?
- Review, AD, NA
*AntiCan↑, *cardioP↑, *NRF2↑, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓, *STAT3↓, *ERK↓, *MAPK↓, AP-1↑, Bcl-2↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑,
2168- SFN,    Amelioration of Alzheimer's disease by neuroprotective effect of sulforaphane in animal model
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*NRF2↑, *cognitive↑, other↓,
2555- SFN,    Chemopreventive functions of sulforaphane: A potent inducer of antioxidant enzymes and apoptosis
- Review, Var, NA
chemoPv↑, HDAC↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, Mets↑, *NRF2↑, ROS⇅,
2552- SFN,  Chemo,    Chemopreventive activity of sulforaphane
- Review, Var, NA
chemoPv↑, TumCG↓, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Dose↝, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, NF-kB↓, ROS↑,
2553- SFN,    Mechanistic review of sulforaphane as a chemoprotective agent in bladder cancer
- Review, Bladder, NA
antiOx↓, Inflam↓, ChemoSen↑, ROS⇅, *NRF2↑, *GSH↑, Catalase↑, HO-1↑, NAD↑, chemoP↑,
2444- SFN,    Sulforaphane Delays Fibroblast Senescence by Curbing Cellular Glucose Uptake, Increased Glycolysis, and Oxidative Damage
- in-vitro, Nor, MRC-5
*GlucoseCon↓, *ROS↓, *Trx↓, *HK2↓, *NRF2↑, *Catalase↑, *TXNIP↑, *PFKFB2↓, *G6PD↑,
2448- SFN,    Sulforaphane and bladder cancer: a potential novel antitumor compound
- Review, Bladder, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, glucoNG↓, ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, cl‑PARP↑, survivin↓, EGFR↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, ATP↓, Glycolysis↓, mt-OXPHOS↓, AKT1↓, HK2↓, Hif1a↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, EMT↓, COX2↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Zeb1↓, Snail↓, HDAC↓, HATs↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, BioAv↝, BioAv↝, Dose↝,
1730- SFN,    Sulforaphane: An emergent anti-cancer stem cell agent
- Review, Var, NA
BioAv↓, BioAv↑, GSTA1↑, P450↓, TumCCA↑, HDAC↓, P21↑, p27↑, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, cycD1/CCND1↑, DNAdam↑, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, AIF↑, CDK1↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, NRF2↑, NF-kB↓, TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, CSCs↓, CD133↓, CD44↓, ALDH↓, Nanog↓, OCT4↓, hTERT/TERT↓, MMP2↓, EMT↓, ALDH1A1↓, Wnt↓, NOTCH↓, ChemoSen↑, *Ki-67↓, *HDAC3↓, *HDAC↓,
1725- SFN,    Anticancer Activity of Sulforaphane: The Epigenetic Mechanisms and the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway
- Review, Var, NA
*toxicity∅, AntiCan↑, antiOx↑, NRF2↑, DNMTs↓, HDAC↓, Hif1a↓, VEGF↓, P21↑, TumCCA↑, ac‑H3↑, ac‑H4↑, DNAdam↑, Dose↝,
1724- SFN,    Sulforaphane: A review of its therapeutic potentials, advances in its nanodelivery, recent patents, and clinical trials
- Review, Var, NA
antiOx↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, neuroP↑,
1723- SFN,    Sulforaphane as a potential remedy against cancer: Comprehensive mechanistic review
- Review, Var, NA
*NRF2↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, cl‑PARP↑, Apoptosis↑, AMPK↑, GSH↓,
1428- SFN,    Broccoli or Sulforaphane: Is It the Source or Dose That Matters?
- Review, NA, NA
HDAC↓, NRF2↑,
1465- SFN,    TRAIL attenuates sulforaphane-mediated Nrf2 and sustains ROS generation, leading to apoptosis of TRAIL-resistant human bladder cancer cells
- NA, Bladder, NA
eff↑, Apoptosis↑, Casp↑, MMP↓, BID↑, DR5↑, ROS↑, NRF2↑, eff↑, eff↓,
1458- SFN,    Sulforaphane Impact on Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Bladder Carcinoma
- Review, Bladder, NA
HDAC↓, eff↓, TumW↓, TumW↓, angioG↓, *toxicity↓, GutMicro↝, AntiCan↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Casp8∅, cl‑PARP↑, TRAIL↑, DR5↑, eff↓, NRF2↑, ER Stress↑, COX2↓, EGFR↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, ChemoSen↑, NF-kB↓, TumCCA?, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, p70S6↓, p19↑, P21↑, CD44↓, CSCs↓,
1437- SFN,    Dietary Sulforaphane in Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of Epigenetic Regulation and HDAC Inhibition
- Review, NA, NA
HDAC↓, HDAC1↓, HDAC2↓, HDAC3↓, HDAC8↓, eff↑, ac‑HSP90↑, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, hTERT/TERT↓, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, NQO1↑, miR-155↓, miR-200c↑, SOX9↓, *toxicity↓,
1509- SFN,    Combination therapy in combating cancer
- Review, NA, NA
NRF2↑, ChemoSideEff↓, eff↑, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, eff↑, PSA↓, P53↑, Hif1a↓, CAIX↓, chemoR↓, 5HT↓,
1508- SFN,    Nrf2 targeting by sulforaphane: A potential therapy for cancer treatment
- Review, Var, NA
*BioAv↑, HDAC↓, TumCCA↓, eff↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Casp12?, Bcl-2↓, cl‑PARP↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, IAP1↓, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, Telomerase↓, hTERT/TERT↓, ROS?, DNMTs↓, angioG↓, VEGF↓, Hif1a↓, cMYB↓, MMP1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, ERK↑, E-cadherin↑, CD44↓, MMP2↓, eff↑, IL2↑, IFN-γ↑, IL1β↓, IL6↓, TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, ERK↓, NRF2↑, RadioS↑, ChemoSideEff↓,
1501- SFN,    The Inhibitory Effect of Sulforaphane on Bladder Cancer Cell Depends on GSH Depletion-Induced by Nrf2 Translocation
- in-vitro, CRC, T24/HTB-9
Dose↝, NRF2↑, GSH↓, eff↑,
1495- SFN,  doxoR,    Sulforaphane protection against the development of doxorubicin-induced chronic heart failure is associated with Nrf2 Upregulation
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*CardioT↓, *NRF2↑, *eff↓, *ROS↓,
1494- SFN,  doxoR,    Sulforaphane potentiates anticancer effects of doxorubicin and attenuates its cardiotoxicity in a breast cancer model
- in-vivo, BC, NA - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, Nor, MCF10
CardioT↓, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *NRF2↑, NRF2∅, HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, Casp3↑, ER-α36↓, Remission↑, eff↑, ROS↑, selectivity?,
1484- SFN,    Sulforaphane’s Multifaceted Potential: From Neuroprotection to Anticancer Action
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA
neuroP↑, AntiCan↑, NRF2↑, HDAC↓, eff↑, *ROS↓, neuroP↑, HDAC↓, *toxicity∅, BioAv↑, eff↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, p‑RB1↓, Glycolysis↓, miR-30a-5p↑, TumCCA↑, TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, eff↑, ChemoSen↑, RadioS↑, CardioT↓, angioG↓, Hif1a↓, VEGF↓, *BioAv?, *Half-Life∅,
1482- SFN,    Sulforaphane induces apoptosis in T24 human urinary bladder cancer cells through a reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial pathway: the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the Nrf2 signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Bladder, T24/HTB-9
tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Casp8∅, cl‑PARP↑, ROS↑, MMP↓, eff↓, ER Stress↑, p‑NRF2↑, HO-1↑,
1513- SFN,  acetaz,    Next-generation multimodality of nutrigenomic cancer therapy: sulforaphane in combination with acetazolamide actively target bronchial carcinoid cancer in disabling the PI3K/Akt/mTOR survival pathway and inducing apoptosis
- in-vitro, BrCC, H720 - in-vivo, BrCC, NA - in-vitro, BrCC, H727
eff↑, tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, P21↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, 5HT↓, NRF2↑,
3313- SIL,    Silymarin attenuates post-weaning bisphenol A-induced renal injury by suppressing ferroptosis and amyloidosis through Kim-1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling modulation in male Wistar rats
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *creat↓, *BUN↓, *RenoP↑, *MDA↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *Cyt‑c↓, *Casp3↓, *GSTs↓, *GSH↑, *GPx4↑, *SOD↑, *GSR↓, *Ferroptosis↓,
3324- SIL,    Silymarin prevents NLRP3 inflammasome activation and protects against intracerebral hemorrhage
*ROS↓, *TAC↑, *NF-kB↓, *IL2↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *neuroP↑, *Inflam↓, *NLRP3↓,
3319- SIL,    Silymarin and neurodegenerative diseases: Therapeutic potential and basic molecular mechanisms
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *Apoptosis↓, *BBB?, *tau↓, *NF-kB↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL4↓, *MAPK↓, *memory↑, *cognitive↑, *Aβ↓, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *GSH↑, *MDA↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *AChE↓, *BChE↓, *p‑ERK↓, *p‑JNK↓, *p‑p38↓, *GutMicro↑, *COX2↓, *iNOS↓, *TLR4↓, *neuroP↑, *Strength↑, *AMPK↑, *MMP↑, *necrosis↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑,
3318- SIL,    Pharmaceutical prospects of Silymarin for the treatment of neurological patients: an updated insight
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
*hepatoP↑, *neuroP↑, *TLR4↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *NF-kB↓, *memory↑, *cognitive↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *ROS↓, *Akt↑, *mTOR↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GSH↑, *IL10↑, *IL6↑, *NO↓, *MDA↓, *AChE↓, *MAPK↓, *BDNF↑,
3316- SIL,  Chemo,    Silymarin Nanoparticles Counteract Cognitive Impairment Induced by Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide in Rats; Insights into Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Nrf2/HO-1 Axis
Inflam↓, antiOx↓, neuroP↑, cognitive↑, NRF2↑, HO-1↑, memory↑, AChE↓, Casp3↓,
3315- SIL,    Silymarin alleviates docetaxel-induced central and peripheral neurotoxicity by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
neuroP↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *lipid-P↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *JNK↓, *Bcl-2↑, *BAX↑,
3312- SIL,    Silymarin Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by UV and Air Pollution in Human Epidermis and Activates β-Endorphin Release through Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2
- Human, Nor, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, *IL1α↓, *AhR↑, *NRF2↑, *IL8↓,
3302- SIL,    Protective effects of silymarin in glioblastoma cancer cells through redox system regulation
- in-vitro, GBM, U87MG
NRF2↑, HO-1↑, Trx↑, antiOx↑,
3307- SIL,    Flavolignans from Silymarin as Nrf2 Bioactivators and Their Therapeutic Applications
- Review, Var, NA
*NRF2↑, *antiOx↑, *chemoP↑, *Inflam↓, *BioAv↑, eff↑, *NQO1↑, TNF-α↓, IL6↓, *GSH↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, eff↑, *hepatoP↑, *GPx↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *HO-1↑, *neuroP↑,
3308- SIL,    Structural basis of Nrf2 activation by flavonolignans from silymarin
- Analysis, NA, NA
*antiOx↑, *chemoP↑, *NRF2↑,
3309- SIL,    Silymarin as a Natural Antioxidant: An Overview of the Current Evidence and Perspectives
- Review, NA, NA
*ROS↓, *IronCh↑, *MMP↑, *NRF2↑, *Inflam↓, *hepatoP↑, *HSPs↑, *Trx↑, *SIRT2↑, *GSH↑, *ROS↑, *NADPH↓, *iNOS↓, *NF-kB↓, *BioAv↓, *Dose↝, *BioAv↑,

Showing Research Papers: 351 to 400 of 468
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* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 468

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↓, 2,   antiOx↑, 3,   Catalase↑, 1,   GSH↓, 2,   GSTA1↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 6,   Mets↑, 1,   NQO1↑, 3,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 18,   NRF2↝, 1,   NRF2∅, 1,   p‑NRF2↑, 1,   mt-OXPHOS↓, 1,   ROS?, 1,   ROS↑, 8,   ROS⇅, 2,   Trx↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   ATP↓, 1,   MMP↓, 5,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AKT1↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 1,   CAIX↓, 1,   glucoNG↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 2,   HK2↓, 1,   NAD↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 10,   BAX↑, 1,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 2,   BID↑, 2,   Casp↑, 2,   Casp12?, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 7,   Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp8∅, 2,   Casp9↑, 5,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 5,   Diablo↑, 1,   DR5↑, 2,   hTERT/TERT↓, 3,   IAP1↓, 1,   IAP1↑, 1,   ICAD↑, 1,   p27↑, 1,   survivin↓, 2,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TRAIL↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,   p70S6↓, 1,   SOX9↓, 1,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

ac‑H3↑, 1,   ac‑H4↑, 1,   HATs↓, 1,   miR-30a-5p↑, 1,   other↓, 1,   tumCV↓, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↑, 2,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   HSP27↑, 1,   ac‑HSP90↑, 1,   UPR↑, 1,   XBP-1↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 2,   DNMT1↓, 3,   DNMT3A↓, 3,   DNMTs↓, 5,   P53↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↑, 5,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↑, 1,   CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 2,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↑, 1,   p19↑, 1,   P21↑, 4,   p‑RB1↓, 1,   TumCCA?, 1,   TumCCA↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 7,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ALDH↓, 1,   ALDH1A1↓, 1,   CD133↓, 1,   CD44↓, 3,   cMYB↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 2,   EMT↓, 2,   ERK↓, 1,   ERK↑, 1,   Gli1↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 13,   HDAC↑, 1,   HDAC1↓, 1,   HDAC2↓, 1,   HDAC3↓, 1,   HDAC8↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 1,   p‑mTOR↓, 1,   Nanog↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 1,   Shh↓, 1,   Smo↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 5,   Wnt↓, 2,  

Migration ⓘ

AP-1↑, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 1,   ER-α36↓, 1,   miR-155↓, 1,   miR-200c↑, 1,   MMP1↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 4,   MMP9↓, 2,   Smad1↑, 1,   Snail↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 2,   TumMeta↓, 2,   Zeb1↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 3,   EGFR↓, 2,   Hif1a↓, 5,   VEGF↓, 4,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 2,   IFN-γ↑, 1,   IL1β↓, 2,   IL2↑, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 4,   PSA↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 3,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

5HT↓, 2,   AChE↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   COMT↑, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 2,   BioAv↝, 2,   chemoR↓, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 6,   Dose↝, 4,   eff↓, 6,   eff↑, 13,   eff↝, 2,   P450↓, 1,   RadioS↑, 2,   selectivity?, 1,   selectivity↑, 3,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 2,   GutMicro↝, 1,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 2,   hTERT/TERT↓, 3,   IL6↓, 2,   PSA↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 3,   CardioT↓, 2,   chemoP↑, 2,   chemoPv↑, 2,   ChemoSideEff↓, 2,   cognitive↑, 1,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 5,   OS↑, 1,   Remission↑, 1,   Risk↓, 1,   TumW↓, 2,  
Total Targets: 178

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 6,   Catalase↑, 8,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   GPx↑, 5,   GPx4↑, 1,   GSH↑, 13,   GSR↓, 1,   GSR↑, 1,   GSTs↓, 1,   GSTs↑, 2,   H2O2↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 13,   lipid-P↓, 2,   MDA↓, 7,   NQO1↑, 6,   NRF2↓, 3,   NRF2↑, 30,   ROS↓, 19,   ROS↑, 1,   SOD↑, 10,   TAC↑, 1,   Trx↓, 1,   Trx↑, 2,   TrxR↑, 2,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

IronCh↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↑, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AMPK↓, 1,   AMPK↑, 1,   BUN↓, 1,   G6PD↑, 1,   GlucoseCon↓, 1,   HK2↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,   NADPH↓, 1,   NADPH↑, 1,   PFKFB2↓, 1,   SIRT2↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

AhR↑, 1,   Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Casp3↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↓, 2,   Ferroptosis↓, 1,   IAP1↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 5,   JNK↓, 1,   p‑JNK↓, 1,   MAPK↓, 3,   necrosis↓, 1,   p‑p38↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

ER Stress↓, 1,   HSP27↓, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 2,   HSPs↑, 2,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

ATG3↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNMT1↓, 1,   DNMT3A↓, 1,   DNMTs↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 2,   HDAC2↓, 1,   HDAC3↓, 1,   mTOR↑, 1,   neuroG↑, 1,   STAT3↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   TXNIP↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 2,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB?, 1,   BBB↑, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 4,   IL10↑, 2,   IL1α↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 7,   IL2↓, 1,   IL4↓, 1,   IL6↓, 4,   IL6↑, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 14,   NF-kB↓, 11,   TLR4↓, 2,   TNF-α↓, 7,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 2,   BChE↓, 1,   BDNF↑, 5,   tau↓, 2,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 3,   BACE↓, 2,   NLRP3↓, 3,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv?, 1,   BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 4,   Dose↝, 2,   eff↓, 1,   Half-Life↝, 1,   Half-Life∅, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,   creat↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 2,   IL6↓, 4,   IL6↑, 1,   Ki-67↓, 1,   LDH↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiAge↑, 1,   AntiCan↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 3,   CardioT↓, 1,   chemoP↑, 2,   cognitive↑, 5,   hepatoP↑, 4,   memory↑, 3,   Mood↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 9,   RenoP↑, 1,   Strength↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 3,   toxicity∅, 2,  
Total Targets: 126

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
38 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
23 Thymoquinone
22 Quercetin
20 Curcumin
18 Resveratrol
16 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
16 Lycopene
15 Shikonin
14 Luteolin
14 brusatol
13 Silymarin (Milk Thistle) silibinin
12 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
12 Baicalein
11 Ashwagandha(Withaferin A)
11 Fisetin
10 doxorubicin
10 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
10 Chemotherapy
9 Silver-NanoParticles
9 Selenite (Sodium)
9 Artemisinin
9 Selenium
9 Chrysin
8 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
8 Boron
8 Chlorogenic acid
8 Propolis -bee glue
8 Hydrogen Gas
8 Pterostilbene
8 Rosmarinic acid
7 Radiotherapy/Radiation
7 Carnosic acid
7 Piperlongumine
6 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
6 Berberine
6 Honokiol
5 Betulinic acid
5 Boswellia (frankincense)
4 Selenium NanoParticles
4 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
4 Urolithin
3 Cisplatin
3 Astaxanthin
3 Berbamine
3 5-fluorouracil
3 Brucea javanica
3 Capsaicin
3 Carvacrol
3 Disulfiram
3 Copper and Cu NanoParticles
3 Magnetic Fields
3 Parthenolide
2 Auranofin
2 Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE)
2 Thymol-Thymus vulgaris
2 Ferulic acid
2 HydroxyTyrosol
2 Metformin
2 Methylsulfonylmethane
2 xanthohumol
2 salinomycin
2 Taurine
1 Andrographis
1 Docetaxel
1 Baicalin
1 Lapatinib
1 Biochanin A
1 Butyrate
1 Catechins
1 Celastrol
1 chitosan
1 Calorie Restriction Mimetics
1 Ursolic acid
1 Cysteamine
1 diet FMD Fasting Mimicking Diet
1 diet Methionine-Restricted Diet
1 Ellagic acid
1 Emodin
1 Shilajit/Fulvic Acid
1 Ginkgo biloba
1 Ginseng
1 HydroxyCitric Acid
1 Hydroxycinnamic-acid
1 Juglone
1 Magnolol
1 Melatonin
1 Mushroom Lion’s Mane
1 Myricetin
1 Oleuropein
1 Propyl gallate
1 Piperine
1 Plumbagin
1 Sulfasalazine
1 Oxygen, Hyperbaric
1 irinotecan
1 acetazolamide
1 Salvia miltiorrhiza
1 Spermidine
1 erastin
1 triptolide
1 Vitamin B1/Thiamine
1 Vitamin D3
1 Vitamin K2
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:226  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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