A transcriptional co-activator that plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation. It is involved in various cellular processes, including the response to signaling pathways and the regulation of the cell cycle.
EP300 functions as a tumor suppressor in some contexts, while in others, it may promote oncogenic processes. Its role can depend on the specific type of cancer and the molecular context.
High levels may correlate with poor survival outcomes.
EP300 is a critical player in cancer biology, with its expression levels serving as potential biomarkers for prognosis in various cancers. Its role in transcriptional regulation and chromatin remodeling underscores its importance in tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
EP300 (p300) encodes a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) and transcriptional co-activator. p300 acetylates histones (e.g., H3, H4) and numerous non-histone proteins, loosening chromatin and enabling transcription. It functions as a signal integrator, translating upstream cues (growth factors, stress, hypoxia) into gene expression programs.
Key Pathways Modulated by EP300
Pathway / TF EP300 Effect Cancer Consequence
p53 Acetylation → activation Tumor suppression (when intact)
MYC Co-activation Proliferation, metabolism
HIF-1α Co-activation under hypoxia Angiogenesis, survival
NF-κB Acetylation Inflammation, survival
Hormone receptors (ER/AR) Co-activation Lineage-specific growth
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