Database Query Results : , , Smo

Smo, G-protein-coupled receptor-like 7-pass transmembrane protein Smoothened: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: CGL-Driver Genes
Type: HH Oncogene
Smoothened homolog (Drosophila)
SMO, or Smoothened, is a protein that plays a crucial role in the Hedgehog signaling pathway, which is important for cell growth, differentiation, and tissue patterning during embryonic development. Inhibitors of SMO, such as vismodegib and sonidegib, have been developed as targeted therapies for cancers associated with aberrant Hedgehog signaling.
SMO (Smoothened):
- A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-like protein that is a critical component of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway.
- Functions in transmitting the Hedgehog signal from the cell surface to intracellular effectors, culminating in changes in gene expression.
Aberrant Activation of the Hedgehog Pathway:
- In many cancers, mutations or dysregulations in pathway components lead to ligand-independent or ligand-dependent activation of SMO.
- This inappropriate activation can result in enhanced cell proliferation, survival, and stem cell-like
Several cancers exhibit overexpression of SMO or activating mutations leading to Hedgehog pathway activation.
Smoothened (SMO) is a critical mediator of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, with aberrant activation contributing to tumor growth, progression, and resistance to therapy. High expression or activating mutations in SMO are linked with a poor prognosis in certain cancer types, particularly in cancers that are dependent on Hedgehog pathway signaling such as basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma. By targeting SMO with specific inhibitors, researchers and clinicians are addressing one of the key drivers of tumorigenesis in these settings.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
1353- And,    Andrographolide Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest through Inhibition of Aberrant Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Colon Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Colon, HCT116
ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, CDK1↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, HH↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓,
2617- Ba,    Potential of baicalein in the prevention and treatment of cancer: A scientometric analyses based review
- Review, Var, NA
Ca+2↑, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Vim↓, Snail↓, E-cadherin↑, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, NF-kB↓, i-ROS↑, Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, STAT3↓, IL6↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, NOTCH↓, PPARγ↓, p‑NRF2↓, HK2↓, LDHA↓, PDK1↓, Glycolysis↓, PTEN↑, Akt↓, Hif1a↓, MMP↓, VEGF↓, VEGFR2↓, TOP2↓, uPA↓, TIMP1↓, TIMP2↓, cMyc↓, TrxR↓, ASK1↑, Vim↓, ZO-1↑, E-cadherin↑, SOX2↓, OCT4↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, N-cadherin↓, XIAP↓,
7- BBR,    Berberine, a natural compound, suppresses Hedgehog signaling pathway activity and cancer growth
- vitro+vivo, MB, LS174T
HH↓, Gli1∅, PTCH1↓, Smo↓, TumCG↓,
11- CUR,    Curcumin inhibits hypoxia-induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells via suppression of the hedgehog signaling pathway
- in-vitro, PC, PANC1
HH↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, N-cadherin↓, E-cadherin↑, Vim↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, EMT↓, chemoPv↑,
10- CUR,    Curcumin Suppresses Lung Cancer Stem Cells via Inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin and Sonic Hedgehog Pathways
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, H1299
HH↓, Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↝, GLI2↝, CSCs↓, CD133↓, CSCsMark↓,
20- EGCG,    Potential Therapeutic Targets of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), the Most Abundant Catechin in Green Tea, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer
- in-vivo, Liver, NA - in-vivo, Tong, NA
HH↓, Gli1↓, Smo↓, TNF-α↓, COX2↓, *antiOx↑, Hif1a↓, NF-kB↓, VEGF↓, STAT3↓, Bcl-2↓, P53↑, Akt↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, EGFR↓, AP-1↓, BAX↑, ROS↑, Casp3↑, Apoptosis↑, NRF2↑, *H2O2↓, *NO↓, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *ROS↓,
21- EGCG,    Tea polyphenols EGCG and TF restrict tongue and liver carcinogenesis simultaneously induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine in mice
- in-vivo, Liver, NA
HH↓, PTCH1↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, CD44↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓,
22- EGCG,    Inhibition of sonic hedgehog pathway and pluripotency maintaining factors regulate human pancreatic cancer stem cell characteristics
- in-vitro, PC, CD133+ - in-vitro, PC, CD44+ - in-vitro, PC, CD24+ - in-vitro, PC, ESA+
HH↓, Smo↓, PTCH1↓, PTCH2↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓, Gli↓, Bcl-2↓, XIAP↓, Shh↓, survivin↓, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, CSCs↓, Nanog↓, cMyc↓, OCT4↓, EMT↓, Snail↓, Slug↓, Zeb1↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, eff↑,
651- EGCG,    Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Therapeutic Potential in Cancer: Mechanism of Action and Clinical Implications
ROS↑, p‑AMPK↑, mTOR↓, FAK↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, HH↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, NOTCH↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, BAX↑, Casp9↑,
28- GEN,    Genistein decreases the breast cancer stem-like cell population through Hedgehog pathway
- in-vivo, BC, MCF-7
HH↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, TumCG↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, CSCs↓,
843- Gra,    Graviola (Annona muricata) Exerts Anti-Proliferative, Anti-Clonogenic and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer UW-BCC1 and A431 Cells In Vitro: Involvement of Hedgehog Signaling
- in-vitro, NMSC, A431 - in-vitro, NMSC, UW-BCC1 - in-vitro, Nor, NHEKn
TumCG↓, TumCCA↑, Cyc↓, Apoptosis↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑Casp8↑, cl‑PARP↑, HH↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓, Shh↓, Sufu↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, *toxicity↓,
33- InA,    Inoscavin A, a pyrone compound isolated from a Sanghuangporus vaninii extract, inhibits colon cancer cell growth and induces cell apoptosis via the hedgehog signaling pathway
- vitro+vivo, Colon, NA
HH↓, Smo↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑,
2179- itraC,    Repurposing itraconazole for the treatment of cancer
- Review, Var, NA
HH↓, angioG↓, TumCCA↑, MDR1↓, P-gp↓, mTOR↓, VEGF↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, OS↑, PSA↓,
4663- RES,    Exploring resveratrol’s inhibitory potential on lung cancer stem cells: a scoping review of mechanistic pathways across cancer models
- Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *chemoPv↑, CSCs↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, NOTCH↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, GSK‐3β↝, Snail↓, HH↓, p‑GSK‐3β↓, N-cadherin↓, EMT↓, CD133↓, CD44↓, ALDH1A1↓, OCT4↓, SOX4↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓,
102- RES,    Effect of resveratrol on proliferation and apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer MIA PaCa-2 cells may involve inhibition of the Hedgehog signaling pathway
- in-vitro, PC, MIA PaCa-2
HH↓, PTCH1↓, Smo↓, HH↓, EMT↓, PI3K/Akt↓, NF-kB↓, TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, ChemoSen↑,
3098- RES,    Regulation of Cell Signaling Pathways and miRNAs by Resveratrol in Different Cancers
- Review, Var, NA
NOTCH2↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, p‑SMAD2↓, p‑SMAD3↓, PTCH1↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, E-cadherin↑, NOTCH⇅, TAC?, NKG2D↑, DR4↑, survivin↓, DR5↑, BAX↑, p27↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-2↓, STAT3↓, STAT5↓, JAK↓, DNAdam↑, γH2AX↑,
4900- Sal,    Anticancer Mechanisms of Salinomycin in Breast Cancer and Its Clinical Applications
- Review, BC, NA
CSCs↓, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, necrosis↑, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumCMig↓, TumCG↓, TumMeta↓, eff↑, Bcl-2↓, cMyc↓, Snail↓, ALDH↓, Myc↓, AR↓, ROS↑, NF-kB↓, PTCH1↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓, Wnt↓, mTOR↓, GSK‐3β↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, survivin↓, P21↑, p27↑, CHOP↑, Ca+2↑, DNAdam↑, Hif1a↓, VEGF↓, angioG↓, MMP↓, ATP↓, p‑P53↑, γH2AX↑, ChemoSen↑,
3197- SFN,    Sulforaphane Inhibits Self-renewal of Lung Cancer Stem Cells Through the Modulation of Polyhomeotic Homolog 3 and Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathways
- in-vitro, Lung, A549 - in-vitro, Lung, H460
TumCP↓, CSCs↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓,
110- SFN,    Sulforaphane regulates self-renewal of pancreatic cancer stem cells through the modulation of Sonic hedgehog-GLI pathway
- in-vivo, PC, NA
HH↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓, Shh↓, VEGF↓, PDGFRA↓, EMT↓, Zeb1↓, Bcl-2↓, XIAP↓, E-cadherin↑, OCT4↓, Nanog↓, TumCG↑,
111- SFN,    Sulforaphene Interferes with Human Breast Cancer Cell Migration and Invasion through Inhibition of Hedgehog Signaling
- in-vitro, BC, SUM159
HH↓, Gli1↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Smo↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓,
2448- SFN,    Sulforaphane and bladder cancer: a potential novel antitumor compound
- Review, Bladder, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, glucoNG↓, ChemoSen↑, TumCCA↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, cl‑PARP↑, survivin↓, EGFR↓, HER2/EBBR2↓, ATP↓, Glycolysis↓, mt-OXPHOS↓, AKT1↓, HK2↓, Hif1a↓, ROS↑, NRF2↑, EMT↓, COX2↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, Zeb1↓, Snail↓, HDAC↓, HATs↓, MMP↓, Cyt‑c↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, BioAv↝, BioAv↝, Dose↝,
1731- SFN,    Targeting cancer stem cells with sulforaphane, a dietary component from broccoli and broccoli sprouts
- Review, Var, NA
CSCs↓, ChemoSen↑, NF-kB↓, Shh↓, Smo↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓, PI3K↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, Nanog↓, COX2↓, Zeb1↓, Snail↓, ChemoSideEff↓, eff↑, *BioAv↑,
1733- SFN,    Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Inhibition Provides Opportunities for Targeted Therapy by Sulforaphane in Regulating Pancreatic Cancer Stem Cell Self-Renewal
- in-vitro, PC, PanCSC - in-vitro, Nor, HPNE - in-vitro, Nor, HNPSC
CSCs↓, Shh↓, Gli↓, Nanog↓, OCT4↓, PDGFRA↓, cycD1/CCND1↑, Apoptosis↑, Casp↑, Smo↓, Gli1↓, GLI2↓, Bcl-2↓, Casp3↑, Casp7↑,
107- SS,    Saikosaponin B1 and Saikosaponin D inhibit tumor growth in medulloblastoma allograft mice via inhibiting the Hedgehog signaling pathway
- vitro+vivo, MB, LS174T
HH↓, Smo↓, Gli↓, Gli1↓, PTCH1↓, TumCG↓,

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 24

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

NRF2↑, 2,   p‑NRF2↓, 1,   mt-OXPHOS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 4,   i-ROS↑, 1,   TAC?, 1,   TrxR↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↓, 2,   MMP↓, 3,   XIAP↓, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AKT1↓, 1,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   cMyc↓, 3,   glucoNG↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 2,   HK2↓, 2,   LDHA↓, 1,   PDK1↓, 1,   PI3K/Akt↓, 1,   PPARγ↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 3,   p‑Akt↓, 2,   Apoptosis↑, 8,   ASK1↑, 1,   BAX↑, 5,   Bcl-2↓, 9,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 5,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 3,   cl‑Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 2,   Cyt‑c↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,   DR4↑, 1,   DR5↑, 1,   Myc↓, 1,   necrosis↑, 1,   p27↑, 2,   survivin↓, 4,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

HATs↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

TumAuto↑, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 2,   P53↑, 1,   p‑P53↑, 1,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,   γH2AX↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK1↓, 1,   Cyc↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 2,   cycD1/CCND1↑, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 4,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ALDH↓, 1,   ALDH1A1↓, 1,   CD133↓, 2,   CD44↓, 2,   CSCs↓, 8,   CSCsMark↓, 1,   EMT↓, 6,   Gli↓, 3,   Gli1↓, 20,   Gli1↝, 1,   Gli1∅, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 1,   GSK‐3β↝, 1,   p‑GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 1,   HH↓, 18,   mTOR↓, 4,   p‑mTOR↓, 2,   Nanog↓, 4,   NOTCH↓, 3,   NOTCH⇅, 1,   NOTCH2↓, 1,   OCT4↓, 5,   PDGFRA↓, 2,   PI3K↓, 2,   PTCH1↓, 7,   PTCH2↓, 1,   PTEN↑, 1,   Shh↓, 11,   Smo↓, 24,   SOX2↓, 1,   STAT↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 3,   STAT5↓, 1,   Sufu↑, 1,   TOP2↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 6,   TumCG↑, 1,   Wnt↓, 5,   Wnt/(β-catenin)↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

AP-1↓, 1,   Ca+2↑, 2,   E-cadherin↑, 5,   FAK↓, 1,   GLI2↓, 7,   GLI2↝, 1,   MMP2↓, 4,   MMP9↓, 4,   N-cadherin↓, 3,   Slug↓, 1,   p‑SMAD2↓, 1,   p‑SMAD3↓, 1,   Snail↓, 6,   SOX4↓, 1,   TIMP1↓, 1,   TIMP2↓, 1,   TumCI↓, 6,   TumCMig↓, 5,   TumCP↓, 6,   TumMeta↓, 2,   uPA↓, 1,   Vim↓, 3,   Zeb1↓, 4,   ZO-1↑, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 5,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   EGFR↓, 2,   Hif1a↓, 4,   VEGF↓, 5,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

P-gp↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 3,   IL6↓, 1,   JAK↓, 2,   NF-kB↓, 5,   PSA↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↝, 2,   ChemoSen↑, 5,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↑, 3,   MDR1↓, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   EGFR↓, 2,   HER2/EBBR2↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Myc↓, 1,   PSA↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

chemoPv↑, 1,   ChemoSideEff↓, 1,   NKG2D↑, 1,   OS↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 150

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 2,   Catalase↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   H2O2↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   SOD↑, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Inflam↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

chemoPv↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 11

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Smo, G-protein-coupled receptor-like 7-pass transmembrane protein Smoothened
6 Sulforaphane (mainly Broccoli)
4 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
3 Resveratrol
2 Curcumin
1 Andrographis
1 Baicalein
1 Berberine
1 Genistein (soy isoflavone)
1 Graviola
1 Inoscavin A
1 itraconazole
1 salinomycin
1 Saikosaponin B1 and D
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:287  State#:%  Dir#:%
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