Database Query Results : , , LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ

LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ, ratio of LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type: marker
The ratio of LC3-II to LC3-I is often used as a marker for autophagy, a cellular process in which cells recycle their damaged or dysfunctional components. In cancer, autophagy can play a complex role, and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio can be used to assess autophagic activity.
Many cancers, have an increased LC3-II/LC3-I ratio indicating enhanced autophagy, which can support tumor cell survival, especially under stress conditions (e.g., nutrient deprivation, hypoxia). This is often associated with poor prognosis and treatment resistance.
Cell Survival: Increased autophagy, as indicated by a higher LC3-II/LC3-I ratio, can help cancer cells survive in adverse conditions, contributing to tumor growth and metastasis.
Therapeutic Resistance: Elevated autophagy can lead to resistance against chemotherapy and targeted therapies, as cancer cells may utilize autophagy to survive treatment-induced stress.
Metabolic Adaptation: Autophagy allows cancer cells to adapt to metabolic stress by recycling cellular components, which can support continued proliferation and survival.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
1069- AL,    Allicin promotes autophagy and ferroptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating AMPK/mTOR signaling
- vitro+vivo, ESCC, TE1 - vitro+vivo, ESCC, KYSE-510 - in-vitro, Nor, Het-1A
TumCP↓, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, p62↓, p‑AMPK↑, mTOR↓, TumAuto↑, NCOA4↑, MDA↑, Iron↑, TumW↓, TumVol↓, ATG5↑, ATG7↑, TfR1/CD71↓, FTH1↓, ROS↑, Iron↑, Ferroptosis↑, *toxicity↓,
1377- BBR,    Berberine inhibits autophagy and promotes apoptosis of fibroblast-like synovial cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients through the ROS/mTOR signaling pathway
- in-vitro, Arthritis, NA
Apoptosis↑, MMP↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↓, p62↑, *ROS↓,
1580- Citrate,    Citrate activates autophagic death of prostate cancer cells via downregulation CaMKII/AKT/mTOR pathway
- in-vitro, Pca, PC3 - in-vivo, PC, NA - in-vitro, Pca, LNCaP - in-vitro, Pca, WPMY-1
Apoptosis↑, Ca+2↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, selectivity↑, TumCP↓, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, p62↓, ATG5↑, ATG7↑, Beclin-1↑, TumAuto↑, CaMKII ↓,
1585- Citrate,    Sodium citrate targeting Ca2+/CAMKK2 pathway exhibits anti-tumor activity through inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis in ovarian cancer
- in-vitro, Ovarian, SKOV3 - in-vitro, Ovarian, A2780S - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293
Apoptosis↑, Ferroptosis↑, Ca+2↓, CaMKII ↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, Hif1a↓, ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, BAX↑, Bcl-2↓, Cyt‑c↑, GlucoseCon↓, lactateProd↓, Pyruv↓, GLUT1↓, HK2↓, PFKP↓, Glycolysis↓, Hif1a↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, Iron↑, lipid-P↑, MDA↑, ROS↑, H2O2↑, mtDam↑, GSH↓, GPx↓, GPx4↓, NADPH/NADP+↓, eff↓, FTH1↓, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, NCOA4↑, eff↓, TumCG↓,
435- CUR,    Antitumor activity of curcumin by modulation of apoptosis and autophagy in human lung cancer A549 cells through inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway
- in-vitro, Lung, A549
Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, Beclin-1↑, p62↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓,
477- CUR,    Curcumin induces G2/M arrest and triggers autophagy, ROS generation and cell senescence in cervical cancer cells
- in-vitro, Cerv, SiHa
TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, CycB/CCNB1↓, CDC25↓, ROS↑, p62↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, cl‑Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, P53↑, P21↑,
471- CUR,    Curcumin induces apoptotic cell death and protective autophagy by inhibiting AKT/mTOR/p70S6K pathway in human ovarian cancer cells
- in-vitro, Ovarian, SKOV3 - in-vitro, Ovarian, A2780S
Apoptosis↑, TumAuto↑, p62↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑mTOR↓, p‑P70S6K↓, Casp9↑, PARP↑, ATG3↑, Beclin-1↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑,
1656- FA,    Ferulic Acid: A Natural Phenol That Inhibits Neoplastic Events through Modulation of Oncogenic Signaling
- Review, Var, NA
tyrosinase↓, CK2↓, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, FGF↓, FGFR1↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, VEGF↓, FGFR1↓, FGFR2↓, PDGF↓, ALAT↓, AST↓, TumCCA↑, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, BAX↓, Bcl-2↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, P53↑, PARP↑, PUMA↑, NOXA↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, TIMP1↑, lipid-P↑, mtDam↑, EMT↓, Vim↓, E-cadherin↓, p‑STAT3↓, COX2↓, CDC25↓, RadioS↑, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, γH2AX↑, PTEN↑, LC3II↓, Beclin-1↓, SOD↓, Catalase↓, GPx↓, Fas↑, *BioAv↓, cMyc↓, Beclin-1↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↓,
1970- GamB,    Gambogic acid-induced autophagy in nonsmall cell lung cancer NCI-H441 cells through a reactive oxygen species pathway
- NA, Lung, NCI-H441
TumCG↓, TumAuto↑, Beclin-1↑, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, ROS↑, eff↓,
2507- H2,    Hydrogen protects against chronic intermittent hypoxia induced renal dysfunction by promoting autophagy and alleviating apoptosis
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*RenoP↑, *ROS↓, *Apoptosis↓, *ER Stress↓, *CHOP↓, *Casp12↓, *GRP78/BiP↓, *LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, *Beclin-1↑, *p62↓, *mTOR↓,
1627- HCA,    Caloric Restriction Mimetics Enhance Anticancer Immunosurveillance
- Review, Var, NA
ChemoSen↑, eff↑, ACLY↓, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑,
2076- PB,    Sodium Butyrate Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy in Colorectal Cells: Implications for Apoptosis
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, CRC, HT29
TumCP↓, TumAuto↑, Apoptosis↑, ER Stress↑, BID↑, CHOP↑, PDI↑, IRE1↓, LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, LC3B↑, Beclin-1↑, other↝, other↝,
4862- Uro,    Neuroprotective effect of Urolithin A via downregulating VDAC1-mediated autophagy in Alzheimer's disease
- in-vivo, AD, NA - in-vitro, Nor, PC12
*cognitive↑, *p‑PI3K↓, *p‑Akt↓, *AMPK↑, *VDAC1↓, *neuroP↑, *PARK2↑, *PTEN↑, *LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, *p62↓, *Aβ↓, *Apoptosis↓,

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 13

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Catalase↓, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 2,   GPx↓, 2,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH↓, 1,   H2O2↑, 1,   Iron↑, 3,   lipid-P↑, 2,   MDA↑, 2,   NADPH/NADP+↓, 1,   ROS↑, 6,   SOD↓, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

FTH1↓, 2,   NCOA4↑, 2,   TfR1/CD71↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

CDC25↓, 2,   FGFR1↓, 2,   MMP↓, 1,   mtDam↑, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ACLY↓, 1,   ALAT↓, 1,   p‑AMPK↑, 1,   ATG7↑, 2,   cMyc↓, 1,   GlucoseCon↓, 1,   Glycolysis↓, 1,   HK2↓, 1,   lactateProd↓, 1,   PFKP↓, 1,   Pyruv↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 4,   p‑Akt↓, 3,   Apoptosis↑, 7,   BAX↓, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 2,   BID↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 2,   cl‑Casp3↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 3,   CK2↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   Ferroptosis↑, 2,   NOXA↑, 1,   PUMA↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

CaMKII ↓, 2,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↝, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↑, 1,   ER Stress↑, 1,   IRE1↓, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

ATG3↑, 1,   ATG5↑, 2,   Beclin-1↓, 1,   Beclin-1↑, 6,   LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↓, 2,   LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, 9,   LC3B↑, 1,   LC3II↓, 1,   p62↓, 4,   p62↑, 2,   TumAuto↑, 7,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 1,   P53↑, 2,   PARP↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,   γH2AX↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 2,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

EMT↓, 1,   FGF↓, 1,   FGFR2↓, 1,   mTOR↓, 4,   p‑mTOR↓, 3,   p‑P70S6K↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 2,   PTEN↑, 1,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 2,   tyrosinase↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

Ca+2↓, 2,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   PDGF↓, 1,   TIMP1↑, 1,   TumCMig↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 5,   Vim↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

Hif1a↓, 2,   PDI↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

GLUT1↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 1,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

CDK6↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 2,   eff↓, 3,   eff↑, 1,   RadioS↑, 1,   selectivity↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 1,   AST↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

TumVol↓, 1,   TumW↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 108

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

PARK2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   VDAC1↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMPK↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

p‑Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 2,   Casp12↓, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

CHOP↓, 1,   ER Stress↓, 1,   GRP78/BiP↓, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 1,   LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ↑, 2,   p62↓, 2,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

mTOR↓, 1,   p‑PI3K↓, 1,   PTEN↑, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

cognitive↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 1,   RenoP↑, 1,   toxicity↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 22

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ, ratio of LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ
3 Curcumin
2 Citric Acid
1 Allicin (mainly Garlic)
1 Berberine
1 Ferulic acid
1 Gambogic Acid
1 Hydrogen Gas
1 HydroxyCitric Acid
1 Phenylbutyrate
1 Urolithin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:685  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

Home Page