Luteolin / Apoptosis Cancer Research Results

LT, Luteolin: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Luteolin a Flavonoid found in celery, parsley, broccoli, onion leaves, carrots, peppers, cabbages, apple skins, and chrysanthemum flowers.
-MDR1 expression, MMP-9, IGF-1 and Epithelial to mesenchymal transition.

-Note half-life 2–3 hours
BioAv low, but could be improved with Res, or blend of castor oil, kolliphor and polyethylene glycol
Pathways:
- induce ROS production in cancer cell but a few reports of reduction. Always seems to reduce ROS in normal cells.
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓
- Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, SOD↓, GSH↓ Catalase↓ HO1↓ GPx↓
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓,
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, VEGF↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓,
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1↓,
- inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, GRP78↑,
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR**, - Shown to modulate the nuclear translocation of SREBP-2 (related to cholesterol).
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Luteolin — Cancer vs Normal Cell Effects
Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells Label Primary Interpretation Notes
1 PI3K → AKT → mTOR axis ↓ AKT / ↓ mTOR signaling ↔ adaptive suppression Driver Loss of survival and growth signaling Luteolin consistently suppresses PI3K/AKT signaling, explaining growth inhibition and apoptosis sensitization
2 NF-κB signaling ↓ NF-κB activation ↓ inflammatory NF-κB tone Driver Suppression of inflammatory survival transcription NF-κB inhibition is a core, repeatedly observed luteolin effect
3 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ↑ ROS (context- & dose-dependent) ↓ ROS / buffered Conditional Driver Biphasic redox modulation Luteolin can act as a pro-oxidant in cancer cells while remaining antioxidant in normal cells
4 Mitochondrial integrity / intrinsic apoptosis ↓ ΔΨm; ↑ caspase activation ↔ preserved Secondary Execution of intrinsic apoptosis Mitochondrial apoptosis follows signaling and redox stress
5 STAT3 signaling ↓ STAT3 activation ↔ minimal Secondary Loss of proliferative and stemness signaling STAT3 suppression contributes to reduced invasion and CSC traits
6 Cell cycle regulation ↑ G1 or G2/M arrest ↔ spared Phenotypic Cytostatic growth control Cell-cycle arrest reflects upstream pathway inhibition
7 Migration / invasion (EMT, MMP axis) ↓ migration & invasion ↔ Phenotypic Anti-metastatic phenotype Reduced EMT and protease activity limit invasiveness


Apoptosis, Apoptosis: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type: type of cell death
Situation in which a cell actively pursues a course toward death upon receiving certain stimuli.
Cancer is one of the scenarios where too little apoptosis occurs, resulting in malignant cells that will not die.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
2923- LT,    Luteolin induces apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in Neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells
- in-vitro, NA, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCD↑, Casp12↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, ER Stress↑, CHOP↑, GRP78/BiP↑, GRP94↑, cl‑ATF6↑, p‑eIF2α↑, MMP↓, JNK↓, p38↑, ERK↑, Cyt‑c↑,
2925- LT,    Luteolin Induces Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis through Binding Hsp90 to Suppress Constitutive Activation of STAT3
- in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa - in-vitro, Nor, HEK293 - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7
HSP90↓, p‑STAT3↓, Apoptosis↑, selectivity↑,
2916- LT,    Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA
proCasp9↓, CDC2↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, Cyt‑c↑, cycA1/CCNA1↑, CDK2↓, APAF1↑, TumCCA↑, P53↑, BAX↑, VEGF↓, Bcl-2↓, Apoptosis↑, p‑Akt↓, p‑EGFR↓, p‑ERK↓, p‑STAT3↓, cardioP↑, Catalase↓, SOD↓, *BioAv↓, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *NO↓, *GSTs↑, *GSR↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *lipid-P↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, CDK2↓, BNIP3↑, hTERT/TERT↓, DR5↑, Beclin-1↑, TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, IL1↓, IL6↓, EMT↓, FAK↓, E-cadherin↑, MDM2↓, NOTCH↓, MAPK↑, Vim↓, N-cadherin↓, Snail↓, MMP2↓, Twist↓, MMP9↓, ROS↑, MMP↓, *AChE↓, *MMP↑, *Aβ↓, *neuroP↑, Trx1↑, ROS↓, *NRF2↑, NRF2↓, *BBB↑, ChemoSen↑, GutMicro↑,
2913- LT,    Luteolin induces apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function and targeting the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in gastric cancer cells
- in-vitro, GC, HGC27 - in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, GC, MKN45
TumCP↓, MMP↓, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, SOD↓, ATP↓, Bax:Bcl2↑, TumCCA↑,
1534- LT,  Api,  EGCG,  RES,    Plant polyphenol induced cell death in human cancer cells involves mobilization of intracellular copper ions and reactive oxygen species generation: a mechanism for cancer chemopreventive action
- in-vitro, Nor, MCF10 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-468 - in-vitro, PC, Bxpc-3
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↑, eff↓, *toxicity↑, Dose?, eff↓, eff↓,
1025- LT,  Api,    Luteolin and its derivative apigenin suppress the inducible PD-L1 expression to improve anti-tumor immunity in KRAS-mutant lung cancer
- in-vivo, Lung, NA
TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, PD-L1↓, p‑STAT3↓,
1100- LT,    Luteolin, a flavonoid, as an anticancer agent: A review
- Review, NA, NA
TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, EMT↓, E-cadherin↑, N-cadherin↓, Snail↓, Vim↓, ROS↑, ER Stress↑, mtDam↑, p‑eIF2α↝, p‑PERK↝, p‑CHOP↝, p‑ATF4↝, cl‑Casp12↝,
1171- LT,    The inhibition of β-catenin activity by luteolin isolated from Paulownia flowers leads to growth arrest and apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma
- in-vitro, CCA, NA
Wnt↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCMig↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, cMyc↓, cycD1/CCND1↓,
1317- LT,    Luteolin Suppresses Teratoma Cell Growth and Induces Cell Apoptosis via Inhibiting Bcl-2
- vitro+vivo, Ovarian, PA1
Bcl-2↓, BAX↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCG↓,
2346- LT,    Luteolin suppressed PKM2 and promoted autophagy for inducing the apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells
- in-vitro, HCC, HepG2
TumCP↓, Apoptosis↓, PKM2↓, TumAuto↑,
2906- LT,    Luteolin, a flavonoid with potentials for cancer prevention and therapy
- Review, Var, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, antiOx⇅, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, TumMeta↓, angioG↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, NF-kB↓, XIAP↓, P53↑, *ROS↓, *GSTA1↑, *GSR↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *other↓, ROS↑, Dose↝, chemoP↑, NF-kB↓, JNK↑, p27↑, P21↑, DR5↑, Casp↑, Fas↑, BAX↑, MAPK↓, CDK2↓, IGF-1↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, PKCδ↓, TOP1↓, TOP2↓, Bcl-xL↓, FASN↓, VEGF↓, VEGFR2↓, MMP9↓, Hif1a↓, FAK↓, MMP1↓, Twist↓, ERK↓, P450↓, CYP1A1↓, CYP1A2↓, TumCCA↑,
2909- LT,    Revisiting luteolin: An updated review on its anticancer potential
- Review, Var, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, angioG↓, TumMeta↓, TumCP↓, chemoP↑, MDR1↓,
973- LT,    Luteolin impairs hypoxia adaptation and progression in human breast and colon cancer cells
- in-vitro, CRC, HCT116 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
Apoptosis↑, necrosis↑, TumAuto↑, HIF-1↓,
4871- Uro,  DHA,  LT,    A Synergistic Combination of DHA, Luteolin, and Urolithin A Against Alzheimer’s Disease
- in-vitro, AD, NA
*ATP↑, *Apoptosis↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 14 of 14

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 14

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx⇅, 1,   Catalase↓, 1,   CYP1A1↓, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 4,   SOD↓, 2,   Trx1↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↓, 1,   CDC2↓, 1,   MMP↓, 3,   mtDam↑, 1,   XIAP↓, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

cMyc↓, 1,   FASN↓, 1,   PKM2↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 2,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   APAF1↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 12,   BAX↑, 3,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 2,   Bcl-xL↓, 1,   Casp↑, 1,   Casp12↑, 1,   cl‑Casp12↝, 1,   Casp3↑, 2,   Casp9↑, 2,   proCasp9↓, 1,   Cyt‑c↑, 2,   DR5↑, 2,   Fas↑, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   JNK↓, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   MDM2↓, 1,   necrosis↑, 1,   p27↑, 1,   p38↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

cl‑ATF6↑, 1,   CHOP↑, 1,   p‑CHOP↝, 1,   p‑eIF2α↑, 1,   p‑eIF2α↝, 1,   ER Stress↑, 2,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   GRP94↑, 1,   HSP90↓, 1,   p‑PERK↝, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 1,   BNIP3↑, 1,   TumAuto↑, 2,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

P53↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK2↓, 3,   cycA1/CCNA1↑, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   P21↑, 1,   TumCCA↑, 6,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

EMT↓, 2,   ERK↓, 1,   ERK↑, 1,   p‑ERK↓, 1,   IGF-1↓, 1,   NOTCH↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 2,   p‑STAT3↓, 3,   TOP1↓, 1,   TOP2↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 2,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

E-cadherin↑, 2,   FAK↓, 2,   MMP1↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 2,   N-cadherin↓, 2,   PDGF↓, 1,   PKCδ↓, 1,   Snail↓, 2,   TumCMig↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 6,   TumMeta↓, 2,   Twist↓, 2,   Vim↓, 2,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   p‑ATF4↝, 1,   EGFR↓, 1,   p‑EGFR↓, 1,   HIF-1↓, 1,   Hif1a↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 2,   VEGFR2↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

IL1↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 3,   PD-L1↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

ChemoSen↑, 1,   CYP1A2↓, 1,   Dose?, 1,   Dose↝, 1,   eff↓, 3,   MDR1↓, 1,   P450↓, 1,   selectivity↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

EGFR↓, 1,   p‑EGFR↓, 1,   GutMicro↑, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 1,   chemoP↑, 2,  
Total Targets: 121

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 2,   GSR↑, 2,   GSTA1↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   lipid-P↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 2,   SOD↑, 2,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

ATP↑, 1,   MMP↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Apoptosis↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

NO↓, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

Inflam↓, 1,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

neuroP↑, 1,   toxicity↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 21

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: Apoptosis, Apoptosis
14 Luteolin
2 Apigenin (mainly Parsley)
1 EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate)
1 Resveratrol
1 Urolithin
1 Docosahexaenoic Acid
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:118  Target#:14  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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