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| Luteolin a Flavonoid found in celery, parsley, broccoli, onion leaves, carrots, peppers, cabbages, apple skins, and chrysanthemum flowers. -MDR1 expression, MMP-9, IGF-1 and Epithelial to mesenchymal transition. -Note half-life 2–3 hours BioAv low, but could be improved with Res, or blend of castor oil, kolliphor and polyethylene glycol Pathways: - induce ROS production in cancer cell but a few reports of reduction. Always seems to reduce ROS in normal cells. - ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓ - Lowers AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, SOD↓, GSH↓ Catalase↓ HO1↓ GPx↓ - Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑, - lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL1β↓">IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, - inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, IGF-1↓, VEGF↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, ERK↓ - reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMT1↓, DNMT3A↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, - cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, - inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1↓, - inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, GRP78↑, - inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓, - Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR**, - Shown to modulate the nuclear translocation of SREBP-2 (related to cholesterol). - Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective, - Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells Luteolin — Cancer vs Normal Cell Effects
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| Interleukin-1 (IL-1) has long been known to be a key mediator of immunity and inflammation. Its dysregulation has been implicated in recent years in tumorigenesis and tumor progression, and its upregulation is thought to be associated with many tumors. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in the immune response and inflammation. It exists in two main forms: IL-1α and IL-1β, both of which are produced by various cell types, including macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells. IL-1 is involved in a wide range of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. IL-1 is often overexpressed in various cancers, including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma. Its expression can be influenced by the tumor microenvironment and the presence of inflammatory cells. Elevated levels of IL-1 are frequently associated with tumor progression and metastasis. IL-1 is considered a pro-tumorigenic cytokine in many contexts. It can promote tumor growth by enhancing cell proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis. IL-1β, in particular, has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of cancer cells and promote the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). |
| 2916- | LT, | Antioxidative and Anticancer Potential of Luteolin: A Comprehensive Approach Against Wide Range of Human Malignancies |
| - | Review, | Var, | NA | - | Review, | AD, | NA | - | Review, | Park, | NA |
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers. Such Conditions may include : -low or high Dose -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations -different cell line effects -synergies with other products -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells
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