Thymoquinone / NF-kB Cancer Research Results

TQ, Thymoquinone: Click to Expand ⟱
Features: Anti-oxidant, anti-tumor
Thymoquinone is a bioactive compound found in the seeds of Nigella sativa, commonly known as black seed or black cumin.
Pathways:
-Cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, ROS generation in cancer cells
-inhibit the activation of NF-κB, Suppress the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade
-Inhibit angiogenic factors such as VEGF, MMPs
-Inhibit HDACs, UHRF1, and DNMTs

-Note half-life 3-6hrs.
BioAv low oral bioavailability due to its lipophilic nature. Note refridgeration of Black seed oil improves the stability of TQ.
DIY: ~1 part lecithin : 2–3 parts black seed oil : 4–5 parts warm water. (chat ai)
Pathways:
- usually induce ROS production in Cancer cells, and lowers ROS in normal cells
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, GRP78↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓, Prx,
- May Low AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓(usually contrary), GSH↓ HO1↓(contrary), GPx↓
- Raises AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓">NF-kB↓, COX2↓, p38↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : NLRP3↓, IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓, IL-8↓
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMPs↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, FAK↓, NF-κB↓, CXCR4↓, TGF-β↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, DNMTs↓, EZH2↓, P53↑, HSP↓, Sp proteins↓, TET↑
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, cyclin E↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, TNF-α↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓,
- inhibits glycolysis /Warburg Effect and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, PKM2↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, LDHA↓, HK2↓, PDKs↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, EGFR↓, Integrins↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, JAK↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin↓, AMPK, α↓, ERK↓, JNK,
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, RadioProtective, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Rank Pathway / Target Axis Direction Label Primary Effect Notes / Cancer Relevance Ref
1 Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ↑ ROS Driver Upstream cytotoxic trigger Primary studies show TQ rapidly increases ROS; antioxidant/ROS modulation attenuates downstream effects, supporting ROS as an initiating mechanism in multiple cancer contexts (ref)
2 Glutathione (GSH) redox buffering ↓ GSH Driver Redox-collapse amplification Same prostate cancer study reports early GSH depletion alongside ROS rise; together these form a redox “one-two punch” that helps explain selective stress in tumor cells (ref)
3 Mitochondrial integrity (ΔΨm) ↓ ΔΨm Driver Mitochondrial dysfunction (MOMP axis) Primary leukemia/cancer study reports disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential after TQ exposure (mitochondrial events central to TQ-mediated death) (ref)
4 Intrinsic apoptosis (caspase-9 → caspase-3; PARP) ↑ caspases / ↑ apoptosis Driver Execution-phase cell death Same primary paper reports activation of caspases (8/9/3) with mitochondrial involvement—core evidence for apoptosis as the major outcome pathway (ref)
5 NF-κB signaling ↓ NF-κB activity Secondary Reduced pro-survival / inflammatory transcription Colon cancer work: TQ induces cell death and chemosensitizes cells by inhibiting NF-κB signaling (explicit pathway-direction support) (ref)
6 STAT3 signaling ↓ p-STAT3 / ↓ STAT3 activation Secondary Reduced survival/proliferation signaling Gastric cancer study explicitly reports TQ suppresses constitutive STAT3 activation and related signaling readouts (ref)
7 NRF2 antioxidant-response axis (NRF2/HO-1 program) ↑ NRF2 pathway (often as stress-response) Adaptive Cellular antioxidant counter-response In TNBC context, a primary study reports TQ upregulates NRF2 (and evaluates downstream immune/checkpoint consequences), consistent with NRF2 acting as an adaptive response to redox stress (ref)
8 HIF-1α hypoxia signaling ↓ HIF-1α protein / ↓ HIF-1α program Adaptive Loss of hypoxia survival signaling Renal cancer hypoxia paper identifies TQ as suppressing HIF-1α and links this to selective killing under hypoxia (ref)
9 Glycolysis / Warburg output (hypoxia-linked) ↓ glycolysis (↓ HIF-1α–mediated glycolytic genes; ↓ glycolytic metabolism) Phenotypic Metabolic suppression In hypoxic renal cancer, TQ suppresses HIF-1α–mediated glycolysis; in CRC, TQ inhibits glycolytic metabolism alongside tumor growth limitation (ref)  |  (ref)


NF-kB, Nuclear factor kappa B: Click to Expand ⟱
Source: HalifaxProj(inhibit)
Type:
NF-kB signaling
Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulating immune response, inflammation, cell proliferation, and survival.
NF-κB is often found to be constitutively active in many types of cancer cells. This persistent activation can promote tumorigenesis by enhancing cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3417- TQ,    Antiproliferative Effects of Thymoquinone in MCF-7 Breast and HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells: Possible Role of Ceramide and ER Stress
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, Liver, HepG2
TumCP↓, NF-kB↓, cl‑Casp3↑, GRP78/BiP↑, ER Stress↑, Apoptosis↑,
3407- TQ,    Thymoquinone and its pharmacological perspective: A review
- Review, NA, NA
*antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *GSTs↑, *GSR↑, *GSH↑, *RenoP↑, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *MMP13↓, *COX2↓, *PGE2↓, *radioP↑, Twist↓, EMT↓, NF-kB↓, p‑PI3K↓, p‑Akt↓, p‑GSK‐3β↓, DNMT1↓, HDAC↓,
3409- TQ,    Thymoquinone therapy remediates elevated brain tissue inflammatory mediators induced by chronic administration of food preservatives
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*MDA↓, *TGF-β↓, *CRP↓, *NF-kB↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *Casp3↓, *GSH↑, *NRF2↑, *IL10↑, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *Apoptosis↓, *Inflam↓,
3404- TQ,    The Neuroprotective Effects of Thymoquinone: A Review
- Review, Var, NA - Review, AD, NA - Review, Park, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*Inflam↓, AntiCan↑, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *IL1β↓, *NF-kB↓, *iNOS↓, *NRF2↑, *neuroP↑, *MMP↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *IL12↓, *MCP1↓, *IP-10/CXCL-10↓, *PGE2↓,
3418- TQ,    Thymoquinone suppresses metastasis of melanoma cells by inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome
- in-vitro, Melanoma, A375 - in-vivo, NA, NA
TumMeta↓, TumCMig↓, NLRP3↓, Casp1↓, IL1β↓, IL18↓, ROS↓, NF-kB↓,
3420- TQ,    Thymoquinone alleviates the accumulation of ROS and pyroptosis and promotes perforator skin flap survival through SIRT1/NF-κB pathway
- in-vitro, Nor, HUVECs - in-vitro, NA, NA
*NF-kB↓, *NLRP3↓, *angioG↑, *MMP9↑, *VEGF↑, *OS↑, *Pyro?, *ROS↓, *Apoptosis↓, *SIRT1↑, *SOD1↑, *HO-1↑, *eNOS↑, *ASC?, *Casp1↓, *IL1β↓, *IL18↓,
3422- TQ,    Thymoquinone, as a Novel Therapeutic Candidate of Cancers
- Review, Var, NA
selectivity↑, P53↑, PTEN↑, NF-kB↓, PPARγ↓, cMyc↓, Casp↑, *BioAv↓, BioAv↝, eff↑, survivin↓, Bcl-xL↓, Bcl-2↓, Akt↓, BAX↑, cl‑PARP↑, CXCR4↓, MMP9↓, VEGFR2↓, Ki-67↓, COX2↓, JAK2↓, cSrc↓, Apoptosis↑, p‑STAT3↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp9↑, N-cadherin↓, Vim↓, Twist↓, E-cadherin↑, ChemoSen↑, eff↑, EMT↓, ROS↑, DNMT1↓, eff↑, EZH2↓, hepatoP↑, Zeb1↓, RadioS↑, HDAC↓, HDAC1↓, HDAC2↓, HDAC3↓, *NAD↑, *SIRT1↑, SIRT1↓, *Inflam↓, *CRP↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *IL1β↓, *eff↑, *MDA↓, *NO↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, PI3K↓, mTOR↓,
3401- TQ,    Molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of black cumin (Nigella sativa) and its active constituent, thymoquinone: a review
- Review, Var, NA
TumCP↓, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, NRF2↑, NF-kB↓, TumCCA↑, *GABA↑, P53↑, P21↑, AMPK↑, neuroP↑, cardioP↑, hepatoP↑,
3398- TQ,  5-FU,    Impact of thymoquinone on the Nrf2/HO-1 and MAPK/NF-κB axis in mitigating 5-fluorouracil-induced acute kidney injury in vivo
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*RenoP↑, *TAC↑, *ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *p38↓, *MAPK↓, *NF-kB↓, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *MDA↓, *GPx↑, *GSR↑, *Catalase↑, *BUN↓, *LDH↓, *IL1β↓,
3397- TQ,    Thymoquinone: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
- Review, CRC, NA
ChemoSen↑, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↝, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *hepatoP↑, TumCP↓, TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, angioG↑, selectivity↑, JNK↑, p38↑, p‑NF-kB↑, ERK↓, PI3K↓, PTEN↑, Akt↓, mTOR↓, EMT↓, Twist↓, E-cadherin↓, ROS⇅, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GSTA1↑, *GPx↑, *PGE2↓, *IL1β↓, *COX2↓, *MMP13↓, MMPs↓, TumMeta↓, VEGF↓, STAT3↓, BAX↑, Bcl-2↑, Casp9↑, Casp7↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, survivin↓, cMyc↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, p27↑, P21↑, GSK‐3β↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, chemoP↑,
2353- TQ,    The effects of thymoquinone on pancreatic cancer: Evidence from preclinical studies
- Review, PC, NA
BioAv↝, BioAv↑, MUC4↓, PKM2↓, eff↑, TumVol↓, HDAC↓, NF-kB↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, XIAP↓, COX2↓, PGE1↓,
2139- TQ,    Thymoquinone regulates microglial M1/M2 polarization after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via the TLR4 signaling pathway
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*TLR4↓, *NF-kB↓, *Inflam↓, *Hif1a↑, *motorD↑,
2136- TQ,    Nigella sativa and thymoquinone suppress cyclooxygenase-2 and oxidative stress in pancreatic tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*COX2↓, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *ROS↓, *Inflam↓, *NF-kB↓,
3573- TQ,    Chronic diseases, inflammation, and spices: how are they linked?
- Review, Var, NA
NF-kB↓, XIAP↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, STAT3↓, JAK2↓, cSrc↓, PCNA↓, MMP2↓, ERK↓, Ki-67↓, Bcl-2↓, VEGF↓, p65↓, COX2↓, MMP9↓,
3564- TQ,    The Potential Neuroprotective Effect of Thymoquinone on Scopolamine-Induced In Vivo Alzheimer's Disease-like Condition: Mechanistic Insights
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*Inflam↓, *AntiCan↑, *antiOx↑, *neuroP↑, *cognitive↑, *Aβ↓, *PPARγ↑, *NF-kB↓, *p‑tau↓, *MMP↑, *memory↑, *NF-kB↓, *ROS↓,
3570- TQ,    Thymoquinone alleviates the experimentally induced Alzheimer's disease inflammation by modulation of TLRs signaling
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*Inflam↓, *Aβ↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *TLR2↓, *IRF3↓, *TLR4↓, *memory↑, *NF-kB↓, *MyD88↓, *TRIF↓, *BBB↑, *cognitive↑,
3571- TQ,    The Role of Thymoquinone in Inflammatory Response in Chronic Diseases
- Review, Var, NA - Review, Stroke, NA
*BioAv↓, *BioAv↑, *Inflam↓, *antiOx↑, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, *GSTs↑, *MPO↓, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, *IL1β↓, *TNF-α↓, *IFN-γ↓, *IL6↓, *cardioP↑, *lipid-P↓, *TAC↑, *RenoP↑, Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, TumCP↓, TumCMig↓, angioG↓, TNF-α↓, NF-kB↓, ROS↑, EMT↓, *Aβ↓, *p‑tau↓, *BACE↓, *TLR2↓, *TLR4↓, *MyD88↓, *IRF3↓, *eff↑, eff↑, DNAdam↑, *iNOS↓,
4565- TQ,    Thymoquinone in the clinical treatment of cancer: Fact or fiction?
- Review, BC, NA
Dose↝, TumCCA↑, P21↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, TumCI↑, TumMeta↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, PTEN↑, Akt↓, P53↑, NF-kB↓, cardioP↑, Dose↝,
5024- TQ,    Thymoquinone: A Tie-Breaker in SARS-CoV2-Infected Cancer Patients?
- Review, Covid, NA
*NRF2↑, *NF-kB↓, *Inflam↓, *ROS↓, *HO-1↑, antiOx↑, GSH↑, GSTs↑, GSR↑, SOD1↑, Catalase↑, GPx↑, p62↓, Beclin-1↑, Sepsis↓, cardioP↑, hepatoP↑, neuroP↑,
5222- TQ,    Thymoquinone chemosensitizes colon cancer cells through inhibition of NF-κB
- in-vitro, CRC, COLO205 - in-vitro, CRC, HCT116
tumCV↓, ChemoSen↑, p‑p65↓, NF-kB↓, VEGF↓, cMyc↓, Bcl-2↓, ROS↑,
3559- TQ,    Molecular signaling pathway targeted therapeutic potential of thymoquinone in Alzheimer’s disease
- Review, AD, NA - Review, Var, NA
*antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *AChE↓, AntiCan↑, *cardioP↑, *RenoP↑, *neuroP↑, *hepatoP↑, TumCG↓, Apoptosis↑, PI3K↓, Akt↑, TumCCA↑, angioG↓, *NF-kB↓, *TLR2↓, *TLR4↓, *MyD88↓, *TRIF↓, *IRF3↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *IL12↓, *NRF2↑, *COX2↓, *VEGF↓, *MMP9↓, *cMyc↓, *cycD1/CCND1↓, *TumCP↓, *TumCI↓, *MDA↓, *TGF-β↓, *CRP↓, *Casp3↓, *GSH↑, *IL10↑, *iNOS↑, *lipid-P↓, *SOD↑, *H2O2↓, *ROS↓, *LDH↓, *Catalase↑, *GPx↑, *AChE↓, *cognitive↑, *MAPK↑, *JNK↑, *BAX↓, *memory↑, *Aβ↓, *MMP↑,
3556- TQ,    Thymoquinone alleviates the experimentally induced Alzheimer’s disease inflammation by modulation of TLRs signaling
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*Inflam↓, *memory↑, *cognitive↑, *Aβ↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL1β↓, *TLR2↓, *NF-kB↓, *IRF3↓, TLR4↓, MyD88↓, TRIF↓,
3429- TQ,    Thymoquinone exerts potent growth-suppressive activity on leukemia through DNA hypermethylation reversal in leukemia cells
- in-vitro, AML, NA - in-vivo, NA, NA
DNMT1↓, Sp1/3/4↓, NF-kB↓, Apoptosis↑, Casp↑, Bcl-xL↓, COX2↓, iNOS↓, 5LO↓, TNF-α↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, BioAv↝, TumCG↓,
3427- TQ,    Chemopreventive and Anticancer Effects of Thymoquinone: Cellular and Molecular Targets
ROS⇅, Fas↑, DR5↑, TRAIL↑, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, P53↑, mTOR↓, Bcl-2↓, BID↓, CXCR4↓, JNK↑, p38↑, MAPK↑, LC3II↑, ATG7↑, Beclin-1↑, AMPK↑, PPARγ↑, eIF2α↓, P70S6K↓, VEGF↓, ERK↓, NF-kB↓, XIAP↓, survivin↓, p65↓, DLC1↑, FOXO↑, TET2↑, CYP1B1↑, UHRF1↓, DNMT1↓, HDAC1↓, IL2↑, IL1↓, IL6↓, IL10↓, IL12↓, TNF-α↓, iNOS↓, COX2↓, 5LO↓, AP-1↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, cMET↓, VEGFR2↓, CXCL1↓, ITGA5↓, Wnt↓, β-catenin/ZEB1↓, GSK‐3β↓, Myc↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, N-cadherin↓, Snail↓, Slug↓, Vim↓, Twist↓, Zeb1↓, MMP2↓, MMP7↓, MMP9↓, JAK2↓, STAT3↓, NOTCH↓, cycA1/CCNA1↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓, CDK6↓, CDC2↓, CDC25↓, Mcl-1↓, E2Fs↓, p16↑, p27↑, P21↑, ChemoSen↑,
3425- TQ,    Advances in research on the relationship between thymoquinone and pancreatic cancer
Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, TumCI↓, TumMeta↓, ChemoSen↑, angioG↓, Inflam↓, NF-kB↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TGF-β↓, Jun↓, p38↑, MAPK↑, MMP9↓, PKM2↓, ROS↑, JNK↑, MUC4↓, TGF-β↑, Dose↝, FAK↓, NOTCH↓, PTEN↑, mTOR↓, Warburg↓, XIAP↓, COX2↓, Casp9↑, Ki-67↓, CD34↓, VEGF↓, MCP1↓, survivin↓, Cyt‑c↑, Casp3↑, H4↑, HDAC↓,
2084- TQ,    Thymoquinone, as an anticancer molecule: from basic research to clinical investigation
- Review, Var, NA
*ROS↓, *chemoPv↑, ROS↑, ROS⇅, MUC4↓, selectivity↑, AR↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, Mcl-1↓, VEGF↓, cl‑PARP↑, ROS↑, HSP70/HSPA5↑, P53↑, miR-34a↑, Rac1↓, TumCCA↑, NOTCH↓, NF-kB↓, IκB↓, p‑p65↓, IAP1↓, IAP2↑, XIAP↓, TNF-α↓, COX2↓, Inflam↓, α-tubulin↓, Twist↓, EMT↓, mTOR↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, BioAv↓, ChemoSen↑, BioAv↑, PTEN↑, chemoPv↑, RadioS↑, *Half-Life↝, *BioAv↝,
2085- TQ,    Anticancer Activities of Nigella Sativa (Black Cumin)
- Review, Var, NA
MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↓, cl‑PARP↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, NF-kB↓, IAP1↓, IAP2↓, XIAP↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, cJun↑, p38↑, Akt↑, chemoP↑, *radioP↑,
2088- TQ,    Nigella sativa L. and Its Bioactive Constituents as Hepatoprotectant: A Review
- Review, Nor, NA
*hepatoP↑, *lipid-P↓, *Thiols↑, *ROS↓, *Catalase↑, *SOD↑, *GSTs↑, *NF-kB↓, *COX2↓, *LOX1↓,
2093- TQ,    Regulation of NF-κB Expression by Thymoquinone; A Role in Regulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Programmed Cell Death in Hepatic Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, Liver, HepG2 - in-vitro, Nor, NA
TumCD↑, selectivity↑, Casp3↑, DLC1↑, NF-kB↑, LDH↑, *toxicity↓,
2095- TQ,    Review on the Potential Therapeutic Roles of Nigella sativa in the Treatment of Patients with Cancer: Involvement of Apoptosis
- Review, Var, NA
TumCCA↑, Apoptosis↑, ROS↑, Cyt‑c↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Casp3↑, Casp9↑, cl‑PARP↑, P53↑, P21↑, cMyc↓, hTERT/TERT↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, CDK4↓, NF-kB↓, IAP1↓, IAP2↓, XIAP↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, COX2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, eff↑,
2098- TQ,    Anticancer activity of Nigella sativa (black seed) and its relationship with the thermal processing and quinone composition of the seed
- in-vitro, Colon, MC38 - in-vitro, lymphoma, L428
NF-kB↓, eff↑, eff↓,
2099- TQ,  Cisplatin,    Thymoquinone and cisplatin as a therapeutic combination in lung cancer: In vitro and in vivo
- in-vitro, Lung, H460 - in-vitro, Lung, H146 - in-vivo, NA, NA
ChemoSen↑, TumCP↓, tumCV↓, Apoptosis↑, NF-kB↓,
2100- TQ,    Dual properties of Nigella Sative: Anti-oxidant and Pro-oxidant
- Review, NA, NA
ROS⇅, *antiOx↑, *SOD↑, *MPO↑, *neuroP↑, *chemoP↑, *radioP↑, NF-kB↓, IAP1↓, IAP2↓, XIAP↓, Bcl-xL↓, survivin↓, COX2↓, MMP9↓, VEGF↓, ROS↑, P21↑, HDAC↓, GSH↓, GADD45A↑, AIF↑, STAT3↓,
1935- TQ,    Potential anticancer properties and mechanisms of thymoquinone in osteosarcoma and bone metastasis
- Review, OS, NA
Apoptosis↑, TumCCA↑, angioG↓, TumMeta↓, ROS↑, P53↑, Twist↓, E-cadherin↑, N-cadherin↓, NF-kB↓, IL8↓, XIAP↓, Bcl-2↓, STAT3↓, MAPK↓, PI3K↓, Akt↓, ERK↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, *ROS↓, HO-1↑, selectivity↑, TumCG↓,
2119- TQ,    Dual properties of Nigella Sativa: anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant
- Review, Var, NA
*ROS↓, ROS↑, chemoP↑, RenoP↑, hepatoP↑, NLRP3↓, neuroP↑, NF-kB↓, P21↑, HDAC↓, Apoptosis↑, TumCP↓, GSH↓, GADD45A↑, GSK‐3β↑,
2122- TQ,    Review on Molecular and Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone in Cancer
- Review, Var, NA
ChemoSen↓, *ROS↓, *GSH↑, RenoP↑, hepatoP↑, COX2↓, NF-kB↓, chemoPv↑, neuroP↑, TumCCA↑, P21↑, p27↑, ROS↑, DNAdam↑, MUC4↓,
2127- TQ,    Therapeutic Potential of Thymoquinone in Glioblastoma Treatment: Targeting Major Gliomagenesis Signaling Pathways
- Review, GBM, NA
chemoP↑, ChemoSen↑, BioAv↑, PTEN↑, PI3K↓, Akt↓, TumCCA↓, NF-kB↓, p‑Akt↓, p65↓, XIAP↓, Bcl-2↓, COX2↓, VEGF↓, mTOR↓, RAS↓, Raf↓, MEK↓, ERK↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, Casp↑, cl‑PARP↑, ROS⇅, ROS↑, MMP↓, eff↑, Telomerase↓, DNAdam↑, Apoptosis↑, STAT3↓, RadioS↑,
2128- TQ,    Thymoquinone inhibits phorbol ester-induced activation of NF-κB and expression of COX-2, and induces expression of cytoprotective enzymes in mouse skin in vivo
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*COX2↓, *NF-kB↓, *p‑Akt↓, *p‑cJun↓, *p‑p38↓, *HO-1↑, *NADPH↑, *GSTA1↑, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓, *NQO1↑, *GCLC↑, *GSTA1↑,
2132- TQ,    Thymoquinone treatment modulates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and abrogates the inflammatory response in an animal model of lung fibrosis
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*Weight∅, *antiOx↑, *lipid-P↓, *MMP7↓, *Casp3↓, *BAX↓, *TGF-β↓, *Diff↑, *NRF2↓, *HO-1↓, *NF-kB↓, *IκB↑,
2133- TQ,  CUR,  Cisplatin,    Thymoquinone and curcumin combination protects cisplatin-induced kidney injury, nephrotoxicity by attenuating NFκB, KIM-1 and ameliorating Nrf2/HO-1 signalling
- in-vitro, Nor, HEK293 - in-vivo, NA, NA
*creat↓, *TNF-α↓, *IL6↓, *MRP↓, *GFR↑, *mt-ATPase↑, *p‑Akt↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *Casp3↓, *NF-kB↓, *RenoP↑,
2102- TQ,    A review on therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa: A miracle herb
- Review, Var, NA
angioG↓, NF-kB↓, PPARγ↓, Bcl-2↓, Bcl-xL↓, MUC4↓, cJun↑, p38↑, P21↑, HDAC↓, *radioP↑, hepatoP↑,
2103- TQ,    Anti-inflammatory effects of the Nigella sativa seed extract, thymoquinone, in pancreatic cancer cells
- in-vitro, PC, Hs766t - in-vitro, PC, MIA PaCa-2
MCP1↓, TNF-α↓, IL1β↓, COX2↓, NF-kB↓, HDAC↓, P21↑,
2108- TQ,    Anti-cancer properties and mechanisms of action of thymoquinone, the major active ingredient of Nigella sativa
- Review, Var, NA
HDAC↓, TumCCA↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, p16↑, P53↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, Bcl-xL↓, NF-kB↓, IAP1↓, IAP2↓, XIAP↓, survivin↓, COX2↓, cMyc↓, ROS↑, Casp3↑, cl‑PARP↑, Cyt‑c↑, STAT3↓,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 43 of 43

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 43

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 1,   Catalase↑, 1,   GPx↑, 1,   GSH↓, 2,   GSH↑, 1,   GSR↑, 1,   GSTs↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 13,   ROS⇅, 5,   SOD1↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

AIF↑, 1,   CDC2↓, 1,   CDC25↓, 1,   MEK↓, 1,   MMP↓, 2,   Raf↓, 1,   XIAP↓, 11,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMPK↑, 2,   ATG7↑, 1,   cMyc↓, 5,   LDH↑, 1,   PKM2↓, 2,   PPARγ↓, 2,   PPARγ↑, 1,   SIRT1↓, 1,   Warburg↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 9,   Akt↑, 2,   p‑Akt↓, 2,   Apoptosis↑, 12,   BAX↑, 2,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 3,   Bcl-2↓, 10,   Bcl-2↑, 1,   Bcl-xL↓, 10,   BID↓, 1,   Casp↑, 3,   Casp1↓, 1,   Casp3↑, 8,   cl‑Casp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 2,   Casp8↑, 2,   Casp9↓, 1,   Casp9↑, 5,   Cyt‑c↑, 4,   DR5↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   IAP1↓, 5,   IAP2↓, 4,   IAP2↑, 1,   iNOS↓, 2,   JNK↑, 3,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 2,   Mcl-1↓, 2,   Myc↓, 1,   p27↑, 3,   p38↑, 5,   survivin↓, 11,   Telomerase↓, 1,   TRAIL↑, 1,   TumCD↑, 1,  

Kinase & Signal Transduction ⓘ

cSrc↓, 2,   Sp1/3/4↓, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

cJun↑, 2,   EZH2↓, 1,   H4↑, 1,   tumCV↓, 2,  

Protein Folding & ER Stress ⓘ

eIF2α↓, 1,   ER Stress↑, 1,   GRP78/BiP↑, 1,   HSP70/HSPA5↑, 1,  

Autophagy & Lysosomes ⓘ

Beclin-1↑, 2,   LC3II↑, 1,   p62↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

CYP1B1↑, 1,   DNAdam↑, 3,   DNMT1↓, 4,   GADD45A↑, 2,   p16↑, 2,   P53↑, 8,   cl‑PARP↑, 7,   PCNA↓, 1,   UHRF1↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK2↓, 1,   CDK4↓, 2,   cycA1/CCNA1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 8,   E2Fs↓, 1,   P21↑, 10,   TumCCA↓, 1,   TumCCA↑, 10,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

CD34↓, 1,   cMET↓, 1,   EMT↓, 5,   ERK↓, 5,   FOXO↑, 1,   GSK‐3β↓, 2,   GSK‐3β↑, 1,   p‑GSK‐3β↓, 1,   HDAC↓, 9,   HDAC1↓, 2,   HDAC2↓, 1,   HDAC3↓, 1,   Jun↓, 1,   miR-34a↑, 1,   mTOR↓, 6,   NOTCH↓, 3,   P70S6K↓, 1,   PI3K↓, 9,   p‑PI3K↓, 1,   PTEN↑, 6,   RAS↓, 1,   STAT3↓, 7,   p‑STAT3↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 3,   Wnt↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

5LO↓, 2,   AP-1↓, 1,   DLC1↑, 2,   E-cadherin↓, 1,   E-cadherin↑, 2,   FAK↓, 1,   ITGA5↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 3,   MMP2↓, 4,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 8,   MMPs↓, 1,   MUC4↓, 5,   N-cadherin↓, 3,   Rac1↓, 1,   Slug↓, 1,   Snail↓, 1,   TGF-β↓, 1,   TGF-β↑, 1,   TumCI↓, 2,   TumCI↑, 1,   TumCMig↓, 3,   TumCP↓, 7,   TumMeta↓, 5,   Twist↓, 6,   Vim↓, 2,   Zeb1↓, 2,   α-tubulin↓, 1,   β-catenin/ZEB1↓, 2,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 5,   angioG↑, 1,   VEGF↓, 9,   VEGFR2↓, 2,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 13,   CXCL1↓, 1,   CXCR4↓, 2,   IL1↓, 1,   IL10↓, 1,   IL12↓, 1,   IL18↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 2,   IL2↑, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   IL8↓, 1,   Inflam↓, 2,   IκB↓, 1,   JAK2↓, 3,   MCP1↓, 2,   MyD88↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 26,   NF-kB↑, 1,   p‑NF-kB↑, 1,   p65↓, 3,   p‑p65↓, 2,   PGE1↓, 1,   TLR4↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 5,   TRIF↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

NLRP3↓, 2,  

Hormonal & Nuclear Receptors ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   CDK6↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 1,   BioAv↑, 3,   BioAv↝, 3,   ChemoSen↓, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 8,   Dose↝, 3,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 8,   RadioS↑, 3,   selectivity↑, 5,   TET2↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

AR↓, 1,   EZH2↓, 1,   hTERT/TERT↓, 1,   IL6↓, 1,   Ki-67↓, 3,   LDH↑, 1,   Myc↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 2,   cardioP↑, 3,   chemoP↑, 4,   chemoPv↑, 2,   hepatoP↑, 6,   neuroP↑, 4,   RenoP↑, 2,   TumVol↓, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

Sepsis↓, 1,  
Total Targets: 209

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 9,   Catalase↑, 6,   GCLC↑, 1,   GPx↑, 4,   GSH↑, 7,   GSR↑, 2,   GSTA1↑, 3,   GSTs↑, 3,   H2O2↓, 1,   HO-1↓, 1,   HO-1↑, 5,   lipid-P↓, 6,   MDA↓, 5,   MPO↓, 1,   MPO↑, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↓, 1,   NRF2↑, 6,   ROS↓, 16,   SOD↑, 7,   SOD1↑, 1,   TAC↑, 2,   Thiols↑, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↑, 3,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

BUN↓, 1,   cMyc↓, 1,   LDH↓, 2,   NAD↑, 1,   NADPH↑, 1,   PPARγ↑, 1,   SIRT1↑, 2,  

Cell Death ⓘ

p‑Akt↓, 1,   p‑Akt↑, 1,   Apoptosis↓, 2,   BAX↓, 2,   Casp1↓, 1,   Casp3↓, 4,   iNOS↓, 2,   iNOS↑, 1,   JNK↑, 1,   MAPK↓, 1,   MAPK↑, 1,   p38↓, 1,   p‑p38↓, 1,   Pyro?, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

p‑cJun↓, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

Diff↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

mt-ATPase↑, 1,   MMP13↓, 2,   MMP7↓, 1,   MMP9↓, 1,   MMP9↑, 1,   TGF-β↓, 3,   TumCI↓, 1,   TumCP↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↑, 1,   eNOS↑, 1,   Hif1a↑, 1,   LOX1↓, 1,   NO↓, 1,   VEGF↓, 1,   VEGF↑, 1,  

Barriers & Transport ⓘ

BBB↑, 1,   MRP↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

ASC?, 1,   COX2↓, 7,   CRP↓, 3,   IFN-γ↓, 1,   IL10↑, 2,   IL12↓, 2,   IL18↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 11,   IL6↓, 5,   Inflam↓, 13,   IP-10/CXCL-10↓, 1,   IκB↑, 1,   MCP1↓, 1,   MyD88↓, 3,   NF-kB↓, 17,   PGE2↓, 3,   TLR2↓, 4,   TLR4↓, 4,   TNF-α↓, 8,   TRIF↓, 2,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 2,   GABA↑, 1,   p‑tau↓, 2,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 5,   BACE↓, 1,   NLRP3↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↓, 2,   BioAv↑, 1,   BioAv↝, 2,   eff↑, 2,   Half-Life↝, 2,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

creat↓, 1,   CRP↓, 3,   IL6↓, 5,   LDH↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

AntiCan↑, 1,   cardioP↑, 2,   chemoP↑, 1,   chemoPv↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 4,   GFR↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 3,   memory↑, 4,   motorD↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 5,   OS↑, 1,   radioP↑, 4,   RenoP↑, 5,   toxicity↓, 1,   Weight∅, 1,  

Infection & Microbiome ⓘ

IRF3↓, 4,  
Total Targets: 116

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: NF-kB, Nuclear factor kappa B
43 Thymoquinone
2 Cisplatin
1 5-fluorouracil
1 Curcumin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:162  Target#:214  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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