Chrysin / TRAIL Cancer Research Results

CHr, Chrysin: Click to Expand ⟱
Features:
Chrysin is found in passion flower and honey. It is a flavonoid.
-To reach plasma levels that might more closely match the concentrations used in in vitro studies (typically micromolar), considerably high doses or advanced delivery mechanisms would be necessary.
Chrysin is widely summarized as modulating PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways in cancer.

-Note half-life 2 hrs, BioAv very poor often <1%
Pathways:
Graphical Pathways

- may induce ROS production
- ROS↑ related: MMP↓(ΔΨm), ER Stress↑, UPR↑, GRP78↑, Ca+2↑, Cyt‑c↑, Caspases↑, DNA damage↑, cl-PARP↑, HSP↓
- May Lower AntiOxidant defense in Cancer Cells: NRF2↓, GSH↓ HO1↓
- May Raise AntiOxidant defense in Normal Cells: ROS↓, NRF2↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, Catalase↑,
- lowers Inflammation : NF-kB↓, COX2↓, Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines : IL-1β↓, TNF-α↓, IL-6↓,
- inhibit Growth/Metastases : TumMeta↓, TumCG↓, EMT↓, MMP2↓, MMP9↓, TIMP2, uPA↓, VEGF↓, ROCK1↓, FAK↓, RhoA↓, NF-κB↓, ERK↓
- reactivate genes thereby inhibiting cancer cell growth : HDAC↓, P53↑, HSP↓,
- cause Cell cycle arrest : TumCCA↑, cyclin D1↓, CDK2↓, CDK4↓,
- inhibits Migration/Invasion : TumCMig↓, TumCI↓, FAK↓, ERK↓, EMT↓, TOP1↓, TET1↓,
- inhibits glycolysis and ATP depletion : HIF-1α↓, cMyc↓, GLUT1↓, LDH↓, HK2↓, PDKs↓, HK2↓, GRP78↑, GlucoseCon↓
- inhibits angiogenesis↓ : VEGF↓, HIF-1α↓, Notch↓, PDGF↓, EGFR↓,
- Others: PI3K↓, AKT↓, STAT↓, Wnt↓, AMPK↓, ERK↓, JNK, TrxR,
- Synergies: chemo-sensitization, chemoProtective, RadioSensitizer, Others(review target notes), Neuroprotective, Cognitive, Renoprotection, Hepatoprotective, CardioProtective,

- Selectivity: Cancer Cells vs Normal Cells

Rank Pathway / Axis Cancer Cells Normal Cells TSF Primary Effect Notes / Interpretation
1 PI3K → AKT (± mTOR) survival axis ↓ PI3K/AKT (often ↓ p-AKT; downstream growth signals ↓) ↔ R, G Growth/survival suppression Frequently reported hub effect; contributes to reduced proliferation and sensitization to stress/apoptosis programs.
2 Intrinsic apoptosis (p53/Bcl-2 family → caspase-9/3) ↑ p53 axis (context); Bax↑/Bcl-2↓; ↑ caspase-9/3; apoptosis ↑ ↔ (generally less activation) G Apoptosis execution Common endpoint across many tumor models; often downstream of survival-pathway suppression and stress signaling.
3 ER stress / UPR (PERK and related arms) ER stress ↑; UPR activation ↑ ↔ R, G Stress-to-death coupling ER stress has been directly shown in chrysin-treated cancer cells and can couple to apoptosis.
4 JAK / STAT3 signaling ↓ STAT3 signaling (context) ↔ R, G Anti-survival transcription STAT3 inhibition is reported in cancer models and often aligns with reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis.
5 ROS / oxidative stress (context-dependent) ROS modulation (often ↑ mitochondrial ROS in tumor models) ↔ / antioxidant behavior in some contexts P, R, G Stress amplifier (variable) Direction depends on dose/model; avoid absolute “ROS always ↑/↓”. Oxidative stress + DDR has been linked to anti-angiogenic effects in vivo in melanoma models.
6 MAPK re-wiring (ERK / JNK / p38) MAPK shifts; JNK/p38 often stress-activated; ERK variable ↔ P, R, G Signal reprogramming MAPK effects differ by cell line; chrysin can suppress JNK/ERK signaling to reduce MMP-9 in some models.
7 Cell-cycle arrest / proliferation control Cell-cycle arrest ↑; proliferation ↓ ↔ G Cytostasis Often observed as later phenotype-level outcomes, downstream of signaling changes.
8 Invasion / metastasis (MMP-9; EMT programs) MMP-9 ↓; migration/invasion ↓ (context) ↔ G Anti-invasive phenotype Chrysin can reduce MMP-9 expression via AP-1 suppression and MAPK pathway effects in certain cancer models.
9 Angiogenesis (VEGF/angiogenic outputs) Angiogenesis outputs ↓ (context) ↔ G Anti-angiogenic support In melanoma models, chrysin has been associated with angiogenesis regression linked to oxidative stress and DNA damage response.
10 Bioavailability constraint (oral PK limitation) Systemic exposure often low without formulation — — Translation constraint Native chrysin oral bioavailability is extremely low due to poor solubility and extensive glucuronidation/sulfation with efflux; formulation strategies are commonly required for systemic effects.

Time-Scale Flag (TSF): P / R / G

  • P: 0–30 min (primary/physical–chemical effects; rapid signaling / phosphorylation shifts)
  • R: 30 min–3 hr (acute stress-response and redox signaling)
  • G: >3 hr (gene-regulatory adaptation and phenotype-level outcomes)
TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) is a protein that plays a significant role in the regulation of apoptosis, or programmed cell death. It is part of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and has garnered interest in cancer research due to its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells while sparing normal cells.
TRAIL binds to specific receptors on the surface of cells, known as TRAIL receptors (TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2), which triggers a cascade of signaling events leading to apoptosis. This selective action makes TRAIL a potential therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
TRAIL has been studied as a potential targeted therapy for various cancers, including breast, prostate, and lung cancer. Researchers are exploring ways to enhance its effectiveness, such as combining TRAIL with other treatments (chemotherapy, radiation) or using TRAIL in engineered forms (like TRAIL receptor agonists).
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
1145- CHr,    Chrysin inhibits propagation of HeLa cells by attenuating cell survival and inducing apoptotic pathways
- in-vitro, Cerv, HeLa
tumCV↓, BAX↑, BID↑, BOK↑, APAF1↑, TNF-α↑, FasL↑, Fas↑, FADD↑, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp8↑, Casp9↑, Mcl-1↓, NAIP↓, Bcl-2↓, CDK4↓, CycB/CCNB1↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, cycE1↓, TRAIL↑, p‑Akt↓, Akt↓, mTOR↓, PDK1↓, BAD↓, GSK‐3β↑, AMPK↑, p27↑, P53↑,

Showing Research Papers: 1 to 1 of 1

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 1

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

BOK↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

AMPK↑, 1,   PDK1↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   p‑Akt↓, 1,   APAF1↑, 1,   BAD↓, 1,   BAX↑, 1,   Bcl-2↓, 1,   BID↑, 1,   Casp3↑, 1,   Casp7↑, 1,   Casp8↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 1,   FADD↑, 1,   Fas↑, 1,   FasL↑, 1,   Mcl-1↓, 1,   NAIP↓, 1,   p27↑, 1,   TRAIL↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

tumCV↓, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

P53↑, 1,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

CDK4↓, 1,   CycB/CCNB1↓, 1,   cycD1/CCND1↓, 1,   cycE1↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

GSK‐3β↑, 1,   mTOR↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

TNF-α↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 30

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Total Targets: 0

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:61  Target#:313  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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