Database Query Results : , , GSSG

GSSG, oxidized glutathione: Click to Expand ⟱
Source:
Type:
GSSG (oxidized glutathione) is a component of the cellular redox system rather than a protein or signaling molecule produced de novo. Its levels, often evaluated along with its reduced counterpart (GSH), serve as an important index of cellular oxidative stress and redox balance.

– GSSG is generated when glutathione (GSH) neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) by donating electrons; in doing so, GSH is oxidized to GSSG.

– The GSH/GSSG ratio is a sensitive marker of the intracellular redox state. Under conditions of oxidative stress (commonly observed in many cancers), this ratio often shifts toward increased GSSG.

– Elevated GSSG levels (or an increased GSSG/GSH ratio) can indicate that cancer cells are under oxidative stress, which has implications both for cancer progression and for sensitivity to certain treatments.
Scientific Papers found: Click to Expand⟱
3283- ALA,    Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation and adhesion molecule expression in human aortic endothelial cells
- in-vitro, Nor, NA
*TNF-α↓, *NF-kB↓, *antiOx↑, *IronCh↑, *GSSG↓, *VCAM-1↓, *E-sel↓, *ICAM-1↓, *MCP1↓, *NF-kB↓, IKKα↓,
5012- DSF,  Cu,    Advancing Cancer Therapy with Copper/Disulfiram Nanomedicines and Drug Delivery Systems
ROS↑, ALDH↓, TumCP↓, CSCs↓, angioG↓, TumMeta↓, DNAdam↑, Proteasome↓, SOD1↓, GSR↓, ox-GSSG↑, GSH/GSSG↓, MMP↓, Akt↓, cycD1/CCND1↓, NF-kB↓, CSCs↓, MAPK↓, angioG↓, DrugR↓, EMT↓, Vim↓, BioAv↑, eff↑,
3782- FA,    Ferulic acid ameliorates bisphenol A (BPA)-induced Alzheimer’s disease-like pathology through Akt-ERK crosstalk pathway in male rats
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*cognitive↑, *ERK↓, *p‑Akt↓, *AChE↓, *BACE↓, *neuroP↑, *ROS↓, *MDA↓, *GSH↑, *GSSG↓, *p‑tau↓, *lipid-P↓, *Aβ↓,
3463- MF,    Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Alleviates Hepatic Oxidative Stress and Lipids Accumulation in db/db mice
- in-vivo, NA, NA
*hepatoP↑, *MDA↓, *GSSG↓, *GSH↑, *GPx↑, *antiOx↑, *SREBP1↓,
4934- PEITC,    Differential induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cell lines by phenethyl isothiocyanate, a glutathione depleting agent
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231
GSH↓, ROS↑, chemoPv↑, Apoptosis↑, Casp9↑, Casp3↑, eff↓, TumCG↓, TumCCA↑, BAX↑, Nrf1↑, GSH↓, GSSG↓, GSH/GSSG↓,
1941- PL,    Piperlongumine selectively kills cancer cells and increases cisplatin antitumor activity in head and neck cancer
- in-vitro, HNSCC, NA
selectivity↑, eff↑, ROS↑, toxicity↑, GSH↓, GSSG↑, *GSSG∅, cl‑PARP↑, PUMA↑, GSTP1/GSTπ↓, ChemoSen↑,
2955- PL,    Heme Oxygenase-1 Determines the Differential Response of Breast Cancer and Normal Cells to Piperlongumine
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7 - in-vitro, Nor, MCF10
ROS?, *ROS∅, other⇅, HO-1↑, *HO-1↑, NRF2↑, Keap1↓, cl‑PARP↑, selectivity↑, GSH↓, GSSG↑,
2941- PL,    Selective killing of cancer cells by a small molecule targeting the stress response to ROS
- in-vivo, BC, MDA-MB-231 - in-vitro, OS, U2OS - in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-453
ROS↑, Apoptosis↑, selectivity↑, *ROS∅, GSH↓, GSSG↑, H2O2↑, NO↑, Half-Life?,
3007- RosA,    Hepatoprotective effects of rosmarinic acid: Insight into its mechanisms of action
- Review, NA, NA
*ROS↓, *lipid-P↓, *Inflam↓, *neuroP↑, *angioG↓, *eff↑, *AST↓, *ALAT↓, *GSSG↓, *eNOS↓, *iNOS↓, *NO↓, *NF-kB↓, *MMP2↓, *MDA↓, *TNF-α↓, *GSH↑, *SOD↑, *IL6↓, *PGE2↓, *COX2↓, *mTOR↑,
3936- RT,    Rutin improves spatial memory in Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice by reducing Aβ oligomer level and attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation
- in-vivo, AD, NA
*memory↑, *Aβ↓, *SOD↑, *GSH↑, *GSSG↓, *MDA↓, *IL1β↓, *IL6↓, *antiOx↑, *Inflam↓,
3399- TQ,    Anticancer Effects of Thymoquinone through the Antioxidant Activity, Upregulation of Nrf2, and Downregulation of PD-L1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells
- in-vitro, BC, MDA-MB-231 - NA, BC, MDA-MB-468
ROS↓, H2O2↓, Catalase↑, SOD↑, GSH↑, NQO1↑, GCLM↑, NRF2↑, PD-L1↓, GSSG↑, GPx1⇅, GPx4↓,
2134- TQ,    Modulation of Nrf2/HO1 Pathway by Thymoquinone to Exert Protection Against Diazinon-induced Myocardial Infarction in Rats
- in-vivo, Nor, NA
*ALAT↓, *AST↓, *MDA↓, *ROS↓, *GSSG↓, *GSH↑, *VitE↑, *VitC↑, *NRF2↑, *HO-1↑, *NQO1↑, *SOD↑, *cardioP↑, *GSH/GSSG↑, *GPx↑,
2124- TQ,    Thymoquinone: an emerging natural drug with a wide range of medical applications
- Review, Var, NA
hepatoP↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, P21↑, TRAIL↑, P53↑, TumCCA↑, hepatoP↑, *ALAT↓, *AST↓, *MDA↓, *GSSG↓, *COX2↓, *lipid-P↓, PPARγ↑, p38↑, ROS↑, ChemoSen↑, selectivity↑, selectivity↑, *MDA↓, *SOD↑,
2112- TQ,    Crude flavonoid extract of the medicinal herb Nigella sativa inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in breastcancer cells
- in-vitro, BC, MCF-7
Apoptosis↑, DNAdam↑, ROS↑, GSH↓, MMP↓, Casp3↑, Casp7↑, Casp9↑, Bax:Bcl2↑, P53↑, P21↑, cycD1/CCND1↓, GSSG↑, GSH/GSSG↓,

* indicates research on normal cells as opposed to diseased cells
Total Research Paper Matches: 14

Pathway results for Effect on Cancer / Diseased Cells:


NA, unassigned ⓘ

chemoPv↑, 1,   DrugR↓, 1,  

Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

Catalase↑, 1,   GCLM↑, 1,   GPx1⇅, 1,   GPx4↓, 1,   GSH↓, 6,   GSH↑, 1,   GSH/GSSG↓, 3,   GSR↓, 1,   GSSG↓, 1,   GSSG↑, 5,   ox-GSSG↑, 1,   GSTP1/GSTπ↓, 1,   H2O2↓, 1,   H2O2↑, 1,   HO-1↑, 1,   Keap1↓, 1,   NQO1↑, 1,   Nrf1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 2,   ROS?, 1,   ROS↓, 1,   ROS↑, 6,   SOD↑, 1,   SOD1↓, 1,  

Mitochondria & Bioenergetics ⓘ

MMP↓, 2,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

PPARγ↑, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

Akt↓, 1,   Apoptosis↑, 3,   BAX↑, 1,   Bax:Bcl2↑, 2,   Casp3↑, 2,   Casp7↑, 1,   Casp9↑, 2,   MAPK↓, 1,   p38↑, 1,   Proteasome↓, 1,   PUMA↑, 1,   TRAIL↑, 1,  

Transcription & Epigenetics ⓘ

other⇅, 1,  

DNA Damage & Repair ⓘ

DNAdam↑, 2,   P53↑, 2,   cl‑PARP↑, 2,  

Cell Cycle & Senescence ⓘ

cycD1/CCND1↓, 3,   P21↑, 2,   TumCCA↑, 2,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ALDH↓, 1,   CSCs↓, 2,   EMT↓, 1,   TumCG↓, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

TumCP↓, 1,   TumMeta↓, 1,   Vim↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 2,   NO↑, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

IKKα↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 1,   PD-L1↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

BioAv↑, 1,   ChemoSen↑, 2,   eff↓, 1,   eff↑, 2,   Half-Life?, 1,   selectivity↑, 5,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

PD-L1↓, 1,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

hepatoP↑, 2,   toxicity↑, 1,  
Total Targets: 68

Pathway results for Effect on Normal Cells:


Redox & Oxidative Stress ⓘ

antiOx↑, 3,   GPx↑, 2,   GSH↑, 5,   GSH/GSSG↑, 1,   GSSG↓, 7,   GSSG∅, 1,   HO-1↑, 2,   lipid-P↓, 3,   MDA↓, 7,   NQO1↑, 1,   NRF2↑, 1,   ROS↓, 3,   ROS∅, 2,   SOD↑, 4,   VitC↑, 1,   VitE↑, 1,  

Metal & Cofactor Biology ⓘ

IronCh↑, 1,  

Core Metabolism/Glycolysis ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   SREBP1↓, 1,  

Cell Death ⓘ

p‑Akt↓, 1,   iNOS↓, 1,  

Proliferation, Differentiation & Cell State ⓘ

ERK↓, 1,   mTOR↑, 1,  

Migration ⓘ

E-sel↓, 1,   MMP2↓, 1,   VCAM-1↓, 1,  

Angiogenesis & Vasculature ⓘ

angioG↓, 1,   eNOS↓, 1,   NO↓, 1,  

Immune & Inflammatory Signaling ⓘ

COX2↓, 2,   ICAM-1↓, 1,   IL1β↓, 1,   IL6↓, 2,   Inflam↓, 2,   MCP1↓, 1,   NF-kB↓, 3,   PGE2↓, 1,   TNF-α↓, 2,  

Synaptic & Neurotransmission ⓘ

AChE↓, 1,   p‑tau↓, 1,  

Protein Aggregation ⓘ

Aβ↓, 2,   BACE↓, 1,  

Drug Metabolism & Resistance ⓘ

eff↑, 1,  

Clinical Biomarkers ⓘ

ALAT↓, 3,   AST↓, 3,   IL6↓, 2,  

Functional Outcomes ⓘ

cardioP↑, 1,   cognitive↑, 1,   hepatoP↑, 1,   memory↑, 1,   neuroP↑, 2,  
Total Targets: 51

Scientific Paper Hit Count for: GSSG, oxidized glutathione
4 Thymoquinone
3 Piperlongumine
1 Alpha-Lipoic-Acid
1 Disulfiram
1 Copper and Cu NanoParticlex
1 Ferulic acid
1 Magnetic Fields
1 Phenethyl isothiocyanate
1 Rosmarinic acid
1 Rutin
Query results interpretion may depend on "conditions" listed in the research papers.
Such Conditions may include : 
  -low or high Dose
  -format for product, such as nano of lipid formations
  -different cell line effects
  -synergies with other products 
  -if effect was for normal or cancerous cells

Filter Conditions: Pro/AntiFlg:%  IllCat:%  CanType:%  Cells:%  prod#:%  Target#:1212  State#:%  Dir#:%
  wNotes=0  sortOrder:rid,rpid

 

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