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CBR1 (carbonyl reductase 1) is an NADPH-dependent enzyme involved in carbonyl compound metabolism, oxidative-stress regulation, and the reduction of several anticancer drugs. In the chemotherapy context, CBR1 can convert anthracyclines such as doxorubicin and daunorubicin into less active alcohol metabolites, including doxorubicinol and daunorubicinol, which may contribute to reduced anticancer potency and increased cardiotoxicity. Therefore, CBR1 inhibition or downregulation may act as a chemosensitizing strategy for anthracycline-treated cancers. However, CBR1 is also reported to suppress invasion and metastasis in some cancers, including gynecologic cancer models, where low CBR1 expression has been associated with poorer prognosis. For database interpretation, CBR1 should be treated as a context-dependent target: downregulation may be beneficial for anthracycline chemosensitization, while loss of CBR1 may be unfavorable in tumors where CBR1 restrains EMT, invasion, or metastasis.
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