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12LOX, 12‐lipoxygenase
14-3-3 proteins, 14-3-3 proteins
4-HNE, 4‑Hydroxynonenal
4E-BP1, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4
5HT, Serotonin
5LO, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)
67LR, 67-kDa laminin receptor
6PGD, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase
ABC, ABC transporter
ABCG2, ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2
ABL1, Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1
Ac-histone H3, Acetylated Histone H3
ACAA1, Acetyl-CoA Acyltransferase 1
ACC, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase
ACC-α, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase alpha
ACC1, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase 1
Acetyl-CoA, Acetyl-CoA
Ach, Acetylcholine
AChE, acetylcholinesterase
ACLY, ATP citrate lyase
ACOX1, Acyl-CoA Oxidase 1
ACSL1, Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Membe
ACSL4, Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long-Chain Family Membe
ACSL5, (Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Memb
ACSS2, Acyl-CoA Synthetase Short Chain Family Memb
ACTA2, Actin Alpha Cardiac Muscle 2
ACTH, Adrenocorticotropic hormone
ACVR1B, activin A receptor, type IB
ADAM10, A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase Domain
ADAM17, A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 17
adiP, adiponectin
ADP:ATP, ADP/ATP ratio
AEG1, Astrocyte Elevated Gene-1
AEP, Asparagine Endopeptidase
AFP, α-fetal protein
AGEs, Advanced Glycation End Products
AGRN, agrin
AhR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor
AIF, Apoptosis-Inducing Factor
AIM2, Absent In Melanoma 2
AKR1C2, Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2
Akt, PKB-Protein kinase B
AKT1, v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog
Akt2, RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase
ALAT, ALT, alanine aminotransferase
Albumin, Albumin
ALC, absolute lymphocyte count
ALDH, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
ALDH1A1, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1A1
ALDOA, Aldolase A
ALDOAiso2, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A isofor
Alix/AIP‑1, Alix (ALG‑2–interacting protein
ALK, anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase
ALP, Alkaline Phosphatase
AMACR, alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase
AminoA, Amino Acids
AMP, Adenosine Monophosphate
AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein ki
AMPKα, AMP-activated protein kinase
angioG, angiogenesis
angioS, angiostatin
annexin II, ANXA2
AntiAg, Antiplatelet aggregation
AntiAge, Anti-aging
AntiCan, Anticancer Effect
AntiDiabetic, AntiDiabetic
AntiFungal, AntiFungal
antiNeop, antineoplastic
antiOx, anti-oxidant activities
AntiThr, antithrombotic
AntiTum, AntiTumor
AntiViral, AntiViral
ANXA7, annexin A7
AP-1, Activator protein 1
APA, autophagosome accumulation
APAF1, Apoptotic Protease Activating Factor 1
APC, adenomatous polyposis coli
Apoptosis, Apoptosis
APP, amyloid precursor protein
Appetite, Appetite
AQPs, Aquaporins
AR, androgen receptor
AR-FL, full-length androgen receptor
AR-V7, androgen receptor splice variant 7
ARE, antioxidant responsive element (ARE)
ARE/EpRE, electrophile response element/antioxidan
ARG, Arginases ARG1/2
ARID1A, AT rich interactive domain 1A (SWI-like)
ARID1B, AT rich interactive domain 1B (SWI1-like)
ARID2, AT rich interactive domain 2 (ARID, RFX-lik
ARNT, aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocat
ASC, Apoptosis-associated Speck-like protein conta
ascitic, ascitic fluid
ASCT2, ASCT2 glutamine transporter
ASK1, Apoptosis Signal-regulating Kinase 1
aSmase, Acid Sphingomyelinase
AST, Aspartate Aminotransferase
ASXL1, additional sex combs like 1 (Drosophila)
ATF2, Activating Transcription Factor 2
ATF3, Activating Transcription Factor 3
ATF4, Activating Transcription Factor 4
ATF6, Activating Transcription Factor 6
ATFs, activating transcription factor
ATG3, Autophagy-related 3
ATG5, Autophagy-related 5
ATG7, ATG7
ATM, similar to Serine-protein kinase ATM (Ataxia
ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
ATP:AMP, ATP:AMP ratio
ATPase, ATPase (V‐ATPase)
ATR, Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Rad3-related
ATRX, alpha thalassemia/mental retardation syndrom
autolysosome, autolysosome
autoS, autoschizis
AVOs, Acidic vesicular organelles
AXIN1, Axis inhibition protein 1
Axin2, Axis Inhibition Protein 2
AXL, Anexelekto
Aβ, Aβ aggregation
B2M, beta-2-microglobulin
BACE, β-site APP-cleaving enzyme
BACH1, BTB and CNC homology 1
Bacteria, Effect on Bacteria
BAD, BCL2 associated agonist of cell death
Bak, BAK or BAK1
BAP1, BRCA1 associated protein-1 (ubiquitin carbox
BAX, Apoptosis regulator BAX
Bax:Bcl2, Bax:Bcl2 ratio
BBB, Blood-Brain Barrier
BCAP, B cell adaptor for phosphatidylinositol 3(PI
BChE, butyrylcholinesterase
Bcl-2, B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2
Bcl-xL, Bcl-xL
BCOR, BCL6 co-repressor
BCR, Breakpoint Cluster Region
BCR-ABL, BCR-ABL
BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Beclin-1, Beclin-1 (BECN1 gene)
Bfl-1, Bfl-1 (A1)
BG, Blood Glucose
BID, BH3 interacting-domain death agonist
Bil, Bilirubin
BIM, BIM protein (BCL-2 Interacting Mediator of ce
BioAv, bioavailability
BioEnh, bioenhancer
BloodF, Blood Flow
BMAL1, ARNTL
BMD, bone mineral density
BMI1, B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia viru
BMP2, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2
BMP3, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 3
BMPs, Bone morphogenetic protein
BNIP3, BCL2/adenovirus E1B interacting protein 3
BNP, Brain Natriuretic Peptide
BOK, Bcl-2-related ovarian killer
BOLD, Blood-Oxygen-Level-Dependent
Bone Healing, Bone Healing
BowelM, Regular Bowel Movement
BP, Blood Pressure
BRAF, v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog
BrainVol, Hippocampal Volume
BRCA1, BReast CAncer gene 1
BRCA2, BReast CAncer gene 2
breath, breathing ability
BRG1, Brahma-related gene 1
Brk/PTK6, Breast Tumor Kinase/Protein Tyrosine Kin
BTG3, B-cell translocation gene 3
BUN, blood urea nitrogen
CA, Carbonic anhydrases
Ca+2, Calcium Ion Ca+2
CA125, CA125
CA19-9, CA 19-9
cachexia, cachexia
CAFs/TAFs, cancer/tumor-associated fibroblast
CAIX, Carbonic Anhydrase IX
cal2, calpain-2
Calcium, Calcium mineralization
CaMKII , Calcium/Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kin
cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate
carcinogenesis, carcinogenesis
CARD11, caspase recruitment domain family, member
cardioP, cardioProtective
CardioT, Cardiotoxicity
CarnA, Carnitine Acyltransferase
Cartilage, Cartilage
Casp, caspase
Casp1, Caspase-1
Casp10, cysteine-aspartic protease 10
Casp12, Caspase-12
Casp2, caspase-2
Casp3, CPP32, Cysteinyl aspartate specific protein
Casp6, Caspase-6
Casp7, Caspase-7
Casp8, CASP8, caspase 8, apoptosis-related cystein
Casp9, Caspase-9
Catalase, Catalase
Cav1, Caveolin-1
CBL, Casitas B-lineage Lymphoma
CBP, CREB-binding protein
CC(CDKs/cyclins), Cell cycle (CDKs/cyclins)
CC/Apoptosis, Cell Cycle / Apoptosis
CCDC150, CCDC150, Coiled-coil domain-containing (C
CCL20, Chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 20
CCR7, C-C chemokine receptor type 7
CD11b, CD11b
CD133, prominin-1
CD14, CD14
CD24, CD24
CD25+, IL-2Rα interleukin-2 receptor alpha
CD31, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-
CD34, CD34 transmembrane phosphoglycoprotein prote
CD38, CD38 protein
CD4+, CD4+ T Cells
CD44, CD44
CD69, CD69
CD8+, CD8+ T cell
CDC16, Cell Division Cycle 16
CDC2, cell division cycle 2
cDC2, type 2 conventional dendritic cell
CDC25, Cell Division Cycle 25
Cdc42, Cdc42cdc2
CDC7, Cell Division Cycle 7
CDC73, cell division cycle 73, Paf1/RNA polymerase
CDH1, cadherin 1, type 1, E-cadherin (epithelial)
CDK1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 1
CDK1/2/5/9, Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
CDK2, Cyclin-dependent kinase 2
CDK4, Cyclin-dependent kinase 4
CDK4/6, CDK4/6
CDK5, Cyclin-dependent kinase 5
CDK6, Cyclin-dependent kinase 6
CDK8, cyclin‐dependent kinase 8
CDKN1C, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors o
CDKN2A, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (mela
CDX2, Caudal-type homeobox 2
CEA, Carcinoembryonic antigen
CEBPA, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), alp
CEBPB, CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein beta
cellD, cell Death
CellMemb, Cellular Membrane alterations
cellSen, cellular senescence
CentClus, Centrosome clustering
Ceru, ceruloplasmin
cFLIP, cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein
cFos, cellular Fos
cGAS–STING, GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulat
ChAT, Choline acetyltransferase
ChemChap, chemical chaperones
chemoP, ChemoProtective
chemoPv, ChemoPreventive
chemoR, chemoresistance
ChemoSen, chemo-sensitization
ChemoSideEff, Side Effects of Chemo
CHIP, Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potent
CHK1, Checkpoint Kinase 1
Chk2, Checkpoint Kinase 2
Chl, chloride
Choline, Choline
cholinesterase, cholinesterase
CholMet, Cholesterol metabolites
CholSyn, Cholesterol synthesis
CHOP, GADD153
ChrMod, Chromatin modification
CIC, capicua homolog (Drosophila)
CIP2A, Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase
circ-PRKCA, circular RNA PRKCA
citrate, citrate levels
cJun, cellular Transcription factor Jun
CK2, Casein Kinase 2
CLDN1, claudin-1
CLDN2, claudin-2
CLDN3, claudin‑3
CLDN5, Claudin-5
CLOCK, Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput
CLP, bone marrow common lymphoid progenitor cells
cMET, cellular hepatocyte growth factor receptor
cMYB, c-MYB
cMyc, cellular-MYC oncogene
Cofilin, Cofilin
cognitive, cognitive
COL1, Collagen I
COL1A1, Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain
COL2A1, COL2A1
COL3A1, collagen3a
COL4, Collagen IV alpha chain
COL9A3, COL9A3
COMP, Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein
compI, mitochondrial complex-I
compIII, Mitochondrial complex III
COMT, catechol-O-methyl transferase
Copper, Copper
CoQ10, coenzyme Q10
cortisol, cortisol
COX1, COX-1
COX2, cycloocygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA and Cox-2 prot
cPLA2, cytosolic phospholipase A2
CPT1A, Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A
CR3, Complement Receptor Type 3
creat, creatinine
CREB, cAMP Response Element Binding Protein
CREB2, cAMP response element‐binding protein 2
CREBBP, CREB binding protein
CRLF2, cytokine receptor-like factor 2
CRM, Calorie restriction mimetics (CRMs)
CRM1, Nuclear exporter CRM1
CRP, C-reactive protein
CRT, calreticulin
CSCs, Cancer Stem Cells
CSCsMark, Cancer Stem Cell Markers
CSF1R, colony stimulating factor 1 receptor
CSR1, Cellular stress response 1
cSrc, cellular Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kin
CT-I, Chymotrypsin-like (CT-l) activity
CTC, Circulating-Tumour-Cells
CTGF, Connective Tissue Growth Factor
CTLA-4, Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen‑4
CTNNB1, catenin (cadherin-associated protein), bet
CTR1, Copper Transporter 1
CTSZ, Cathepsin Z
CUL4B, Cullin 4B
Cupro, Cuproptosis
CXCc, CXC chemokine family
CXCL1, CXCL1
CXCL12, SDF–1
CXCL9, CXCL9
CXCR2, CXCR2
CXCR4, Chemokine Receptor Type 4
Cyc, Cyclin
cycA1/CCNA1, cyclin A1
CycB/CCNB1, Cyclin B
cycD1/CCND1, cyclin D1 pathway
CycD3, Cyclin D3
cycE/CCNE, Cyclin E
cycE1, cyclin E1(CCNE1)
cycF, CCNF cyclin F
CYFRA21-1, cytokeratin 19 fragments
CYLD, cylindromatosis (turban tumor syndrome)
CYP11A1, CYP11A1
CYP17A1, cytochrome P450 CYP17A1
CYP19, aromatase
CYP1A1, Cytochrome P450 1A1
CYP1A2, CYP1A2
CYP1B1, Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Subfamily B Membe
CYP27B1, CYP27B1
CYP2A3/CYP2A6, CYP2A3/CYP2A6
CYP2C6, CYP2C6
CYP2C9, CYP2C9
CYP2D1, CYP2D1
CYP2E1, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)
CYP3A2, CYP3A2
CYP3A4, CYP3A4
Cyt‑c, cyt-c Release into Cytosol
cytoP, cytoprotection
cytoP450, cytochrome P450 (CYP)
DAXX, death-domain associated protein
DCells, dendritic Cells
Dcr, Disturbed circadian rhythms
decorin, decorin
DFF45, DNA Fragmentation Factor 45 Gene
DGAT1, Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1
DHCR24, 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase
DHT, dihydrotestosterone level
Diablo, Diablo
Diff, differentiation
DJ-1, DJ-1
DLC1, deleted in liver cancer 1
DLEU1, Deleted in Lymphocytic Leukemia 1
DNA-PK, DNA-dependent protein kinase
DNAdam, DNA damage
DNAdamC, DNA damage control
DNArepair, DNA repair
DNMT1, DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1
DNMT3A, DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 alph
DNMT3B, Maintenance DNA Methyltransferase
DNMTs, DNA methyltransferase
Dose, Dosage
DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
DR4, Death Receptor 4
DR5, Death receptor 5
DrugR, Drug Resistance
DYRK1A, Dual-specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-
E-cadherin, E-cadherin
E-sel, E-selectin
E2Fs, E2F family of transcription factors
E6, E6
E7, E7
ECAR, Extracellular Acidification Rate
ECM/TCF, Endothelial cell migration/tip cell forma
EF-1α, elongation factor 1 alpha
EFEMP, EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular m
eff, efficacy
EGF, Epidermal Growth Factor expression
EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
EGR1, Early Growth Response 1
EGR4, Early Growth Response 4
eIF2α, Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2
EIF4E, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E
Eifp, Elevated interstitial fluid pressure
Elvol3, ELOVL fatty acid elongase 3
EM, epithelial markers
EMMPRIN, Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase In
EMT, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Endoglin, CD105
Endon, endonuclease
ENO1, α-Enolase
ENO2, Enolase 2
eNOS, endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase
ENOX, enolase
ENOX2, NADH oxidases
EP2, Prostaglandin E2 receptor 2
EP300, E1A binding protein p300
EP4, Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4
EpCAM, epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule
EphB4, tyrosine kinase EphB4
EPR, enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) eff
ER Stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signa
ER-α36, estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) protein va
ER(estro), Estrogen receptor
ERCC1, Excision Repair Cross Complementation group
ERK, ERK signaling
ERK5, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5
ERStress, Endoplasmic reticulum stress
ERα/ESR1, Estrogen Receptor alpha
ERβ, Estrogen receptor beta also known as NR3A2
Estro, Estrogen
EstroRS/ERS, Estrogen receptor signaling
ETC, Electron Transport Chain
EZH2, enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Drosophila)
F-actin, fibrous actin
FABP4, Fatty acid-binding proteins 4
FADD, FADD
FAK, FAK signaling
FAM123B, family with sequence similarity 123B
FAM72A, FAM72A
FAO, Fatty Acid Oxidation
Fap1, PTPN13
Fas, Fas Death receptor
fascin, fascin
FasL, Fas ligand
FASN, Fatty acid synthase
FBI-1, FBI‑1 (Pokemon/ZBTB7A)
FBP1, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1
FBPase, Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase
FBXW7, F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7
FDG, F-FDG
Fenton, Fenton Reaction
Ferritin, SF serum Ferritin
Ferroptosis, Ferroptosis
FGF, Fibroblast growth factors
FGF21, FGF21
FGFR1, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1
FGFR2, fibroblast growth factor receptor 2
FGFR3, fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
Fibronectin, Fibronectin
Fibrosis, Fibrosis
FKBP5, FK506 binding protein 51
FLRT2, FLRT2 gene
FLT3, fms-related tyrosine kinase 3
FLT4, Fms-related tyrosine kinase 4
FOSB, FOSB
FOSL1, FOSL1 (FRA-1)
FOXD3, FOXD3
FOXL2, forkhead box L2
FOXM1, FOXM1 transcription factor
FOXO, Forkhead box O
FOXO1, Forkhead box O1
FOXO3, Forkhead Box O3
FOXO4, Forkhead box O 4
FOXP3, forkhead box P3
FoxP3+, Forkhead box P3+
frataxin, frataxin
FTH1, ferritin heavy chain
FTL, ferritin light chain
FTO, Fat mass and obesity-associated protein
FUBP1, far upstream element (FUSE) binding protein
Furin, Furin
G6PD, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
G9a, G9a
GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid
GADD34, Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible pro
GADD45A, Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible 45
Galectin-9, Galectin-9
GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
GATA1, GATA binding protein 1 (globin transcriptio
GATA2, GATA binding protein 2
GATA3, GATA binding protein 3
GCLC, Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase, Catalytic Subunit
GCLM, Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Modifier Subunit
GDF15, Growth differentiation factor 15
GDH, Glutamate dehydrogenase
GFR, glomerular filtration rate
GIT1, GIT-1 gene
Gli, GLI
Gli1, glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1
GLI2, GLI2
GLI3, GLI3
GLO-I, glyoxalase I
GLS, glutaminase
glucoNG, gluconeogenesis
glucose, glucose
GlucoseCon, Glucose Consumption
glut, glutamine
GLUT1, Glucose Transporter 1
GLUT2, Glucose Transporter 2
GLUT3, GLUT3
GLUT4, Glucose Transporter 4
GlutaM, Glutaminolysis
GlutMet, Glutamine metabolism
glyC, glycogen
Glycolysis, Glycolysis
GM-CSF, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating
GNA11/Gαq, guanine nucleotide binding protein (G
GNAQ, guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protei
GNAS, GNAS complex locus
GNLY, Granulysin
GnT-V, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V
GP1BB, glycoprotein Ib beta subunit gene
GPI, Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase
GPx, Glutathione peroxidases
GPx1, Glutathione Peroxidase
GPx3, Glutathione Peroxidase 3
GPx4, Glutathione Peroxidase 4
GPx8, Glutathione Peroxidase 8
GR, glucocorticoid receptors
GranA, granzyme A
GranB, Granzyme B
GREM1, Gremlin1
GRP58, GRP58/ERp57
GRP78/BiP, HSPA5
GRP94, Glucose-Regulated Protein 94
GS3Kβ, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Beta
GSDMC, Gasdermin C
GSDMD, gasdermin D
GSDME, gasdermin E
GSDME-N, N‐terminal domain of Gasdermin E
GSH, Glutathione
GSH/GSSG, GSH/GSSG ratio
GSK‐3β, Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3β
GSR, Glutathione Reductase
GSS, Glutathione Synthetase
GSSG, oxidized glutathione
GSTA1, Glutathione S-Transferase A1
GSTP1/GSTπ, Glutathione S-transferase pi 1
GSTs, Glutathione S-transferases
GSTZ1, Glutathione S-transferase zeta 1
GTPBP4, GTP-binding protein 4
GutMicro, Gut Microbiota
H19, H19 long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)
H2O2, Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
H2S, hydrogen sulfide
H3, Histone 3
H3F3A, H3F3A
H3K18, Histone 3 Lysine 18
H3K27ac, histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation
H4, Histone 4
Half-Life, Half-Life
HATs, histone acetyltransferases
HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c
HCAR1, Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1
HDAC, Histone deacetylases
HDAC1, Histone Deacetylase 1
HDAC10, HDAC10
HDAC11, Histone Deacetylase 11
HDAC2, Histone Deacetylase 2
HDAC3, Histone Deacetylase 3
HDAC4, Histone deacetylases
HDAC6, HDAC6
HDAC8, Histone deacetylase 8
HDL, HDL cholesterol
Hear, Hearing
HEC1, highly expressed in cancer 1
HemoG, Hemoglobin
heparanase, heparan sulfate degrading endoglycosid
hepatoP, L,hepatoprotective
HER2/EBBR2, Human epidermal growth factor receptor
HEY1, Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW mo
HGF/c-Met, met proto-oncogene (hepatocyte growth f
HH, Hedgehog signaling
HIF-1, HIF-1 signaling
Hif1a, HIF1α/HIF1a
HIF2a, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2 alpha
Hippo, Hippo signaling pathway
HIST1H3B, histone cluster 1, H3j, H3, H3h, H3g, H3
Histones, Histones
HK1, Hexokinase 1
HK2, Hexokinase 2
HLA, Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules
HMG-CoA, Mevalonate pathway
HMGB1, High Mobility Group Box 1
HMGCR, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (H
HMTs, Histone methyltransferases (HMTs)
HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE)
HNF1A, HNF1 homeobox A
hnRNPA1, Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A
HO-1, HMOX1
HO-2, HO-2
homoC, homocysteine
HR, Homologous recombination
HRAS, v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene h
HRI, Heme-regulated eIF2α kinase
hs-CRP, High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
Hsc70, Heat Shock Cognate Protein 70
HSD17B4, hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 4
HSD3B, HSD3B
HSF1, Heat Shock Factor 1
HSP27, Heat shock protein 27
HSP70/HSPA5, heat shock proteins 70 kilodalton
HSP72, Heat Shock Protein 72
HSP90, HSP90
HSPs, Heat shock proteins
hTERT/TERT, human telomerase reverse transcriptase
hyperG, hyperglycemia
Hypoxia, Hypoxia
IAP1, cIAP1, cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Prote
IAP2, cIAP2, cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Prote
ICAD, inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase
ICAM-1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1
ICD, immunogenic cell death (ICD)
Id1, Inhibitor of DNA binding 1(Inhibitor of Diffe
IDE, Insulin-Degrading Enzyme
IDH1, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (NADP+), soluble
IDH2, isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (NADP+), mitochon
IDO, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
IDO1, indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1
IFN-γ, Interferon-γ
IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1
IGF-1R, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor
IGF-2, Insulin-like growth factor 2
IGFBP1, Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein
IGFBP3, Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein
IGFBP7, Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein
IGFR, Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor
Igs, immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM)
Ikaros, Ikaros
IKKα, IκB kinase alpha)
IL1, Interleukin-1
IL10, Interleukin-10
IL12, Interleukin-12
IL17, Interleukin-17
IL18, Interleukin 18
IL1α, interleukin-1 alpha
IL1β, interleukin-1 beta
IL2, Interleukin-2
IL22, Interleukin-22
IL23, Interleukin 23
IL28, Interleukin-28
IL33, Interleukin-33
IL4, interleukin 4
IL5, Interleukin-5
IL6, Interleukin-6
IL8, Interleukin-8
IL9, Interleukin-9
IM, interstitial markers
Imm, immunostimulatory
IMPDH1, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 1
IMPDH2, inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2
importin α/β, importin α/β (karyopherin α and
Inf, Infection
INF-γ, interferon gamma
Inflam, inflammation
iNOS, Inducible nitric oxide synthase
INR, International Normalized Ratio
Insulin, Insulin
IP-10/CXCL-10, Interferon-γ(IFN)-inducible protei
IR, Insulin Receptor pathway
IRAK4, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4
IRE1, Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1
IRF3, Interferon Regulatory Factor 3
Iron, Iron
IronCh, Iron Chelator
IRP1, Iron regulatory protein 1
ITGA1, Integrin Subunit Alpha 1
ITGA11, Integrin α11
ITGA5, Integrin alpha 5
ITGB1, Integrin beta-1
ITGB3, integrin β3
ITGB4, Integrin Subunit Beta 4
ITGB6, Integrin Subunit Beta 6
IκB, IκB kinase(α)
JAK, Janus kinases
JAK1, Janus kinase 1
JAK2, Janus kinase 2
JAK3, Janus kinase 3
JAML, Junctional Adhesion Molecule-Like
JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)
Jun, Jun
JWA, JWA protein or JWA gene
K17, Keratin 17
KCNQ1OT1, KCNQ1OT1
KDM5C, lysine (K)-specific demethylase 5C
KDM6A, lysine (K)-specific demethylase 6A
KDR/FLK-1, Kinase insert Domain-Containing Recepto
Keap1, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1
KeyT, Keytones
Ki-67, Ki-67 protein
KIF2C, Kinesin Family Member 2C
KISS1, KISS1
KIT, KIT
KLF2, Krüppel-like factor 2
KLF4, Kruppel-like factor 4
KLF5, Krüppel-like factor 5
KRAS, v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene
L-sel, L‑selectin/CD62L
lact/pyru, lactate/pyruvate ratio
lactateProd, lactate production
LAMA5, laminin alpha 5
LAMB3, Laminin subunit beta-3
LAMP1, Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein 1
LAMP2, Lysosome-Associated Membrane Protein 2
LAMs, Laminins
LAR, lactate receptor
LAT, L-Type Amino Acid Transporter
LATgene, linker for activation of T cells
LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ, ratio of LC3‑Ⅱ/LC3‑Ⅰ
LC3A, Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain
LC3B, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain
LC3B-II, LC3B-II
LC3I, Lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2A
LC3II, Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B light
LC3s, Autophagosome Proteins
LDH, Lactate Dehydrogenase
LDHA, Lactate dehydrogenase A
LDHB, Lactate dehydrogenase B
LDL, LDL-cholesterol
LEF1, Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1
Let-7, Let-7
LGR5, Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein cou
LIF, leukemia inhibitory factor
lipid-P, lipid peroxidation
lipidDe, Lipid Deposition
lipidLev, Lipid Levels
lipoGen, lipogenesis
LOX1, Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein
LPS, LPS
LRP1, Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Pro
LRP6, Low-density lipoprotein receptor–related p
LymphAG, Lymphangiogenesis
lysoM, Lysosome Membrane Integrity
lysoMP, lysosomal membrane permeabilization
LysoPr, lysosomal proteolysis
lysosome, lysosome/lysosomal
M1, M1 macrophages
M2 MC, M2 macrophage conversion
Macrophages, Macrophages
MAD, MAD proteins
Mag, Magnesium
MALAT1, Metastasis Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma
MAOA, Monoamine Oxidase A
MAOB, Monoamine oxidase B
MAP2K1/MEK1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kina
MAP3K1, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase ki
MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
MARK4, Microtubule Affinity-Regulating Kinase 4
Maspin, SERPINB5
Matr, matriptase
MATs, Methionine Adenosyltransferases
MBD2, Methyl-CpG binding domain protein 2
Mcl-1, myeloid cell leukemia 1
MCM2, Minichromosome Maintenance Complex Component
MCP1, CCL2,monocyte chemotactic protein-1
MCT1, Multiple Copies in T-cell malignancy 1
MCT4, Monocarboxylate Transporter 4
MCU, mitochondrial calcium uniporter
MDA, Serum malondialdehyde
MDM2, Double Minute 2 homolog
MDMX, MDM4
MDR1, Multidrug Resistance 1
MDSCs, Myeloid-derived suppressor cells
MeCP2, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2
MED12, mediator complex subunit 12
MEG3, Maternally Expressed Gene 3
MEK, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase
memory, memory
MEN1, multiple endocrine neoplasia I
MET, mesenchymal-epithelial-transition
Mets, Metallothioneins
MGMT, O^6^-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase
MGO, Methylglyoxal
Mich, Michael addition reaction.
MIF, Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor
MIP-1β, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein‐1β
MIP‑1α, CCL3
MIP2, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 2
miR-101, miR-101
miR-125b, miR-125b
miR-126, miR-126
miR-127-5p, miR-127-5p
MiR-1275, MiR-1275
miR-129-5p, miR-129-5p
miR-130a, miR-130a microRNA
miR-133a-3p, miR-133a-3p
miR-139-5p, miR-139-5p
miR-141, miR-141
miR-142-3p, miR-142-3p microRNA
miR-143, miR-143
miR-145, miR-145
miR-148a, Micro RNA 148a
miR-15, miR-15
miR-155, miR-155
miR-17, miR-17
miR-192-5p, miR-192-5p
miR-194, miR-194
miR-19b, MicroRNA-19
miR-20, miR-20
miR-200b, miR-200b
miR-200c, miR-200c
miR-203, miR-203
miR-205, microRNA 205
miR-206, miR-206
miR-21, miR-21
miR-210, miR-210
miR-215-5p, miR-215-5p
miR-218, miR-218
miR-22, miR-22
miR-221, miR-221
miR-25-5p, miR-25-5p
miR-27a-3p, miR-27a-3p
miR-29b, miR-29b
miR-301a-3p, miR-301a-3p
miR-30a-5p, miR-30a-5p
miR-320a, miR-320a
miR-330-5p, miR-330-5p
miR-340, miR-340
miR-34a, mir-34 precursor family
miR-34b-5p, miR-34b-5p
miR-384, miR-384
miR-409-3p, miR-409-3p
miR-429, miR-429
miR-448, microRNA 448
miR-485, miR-485
miR-486, miR-486
miR-491, miR-491
miR-497, miR-497
miR-548ah-5p, miR-548ah-5p
miR-7641, miR-7641
miR-99, miR-99
miR‐222, miR‐222
MitoP, Mitophagy
mitResp, mitochondrial respiration
MKI67, MKI67 (coding for the protein Ki-67)
MKK4, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 4
MKP1, MAP kinase phosphatase 1
MKP2, MAP kinase phosphatase 2
MKP5, MKP5
MLH1, mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis t
MLKL, Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like
MLL2, myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 2
MLL3, myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia 3
MLPH, Melanophilin
MMP, ΔΨm, mitochondrial membrane potential
MMP-10, Matrix Metalloproteinase-10
MMP1, Matrix metalloproteinases
MMP1:TIMP1, MMP1:TIMP1 ratio
MMP11, matrix metalloproteinase 11
MMP13, MMP13
MMP14, MMP14
MMP17, Metalloproteinase 17
MMP2, metalloproteinase-2
MMP3, Matrix metalloproteinase-3
MMP7, metalloproteinase-7
MMP9, MMP9
MMP9:TIMP1, MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio
MMPs, Matrix metalloproteinases
MOB1, MOB Kinase Activator 1
monoA, monoamines
Mood, Behaviour
Mortalin, mtHsp70
motorD, motor function
mPGES-1, Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1
MPL, myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene
MPO, myeloperoxidase (MPO)
MPOD, Macular Pigment Optical Density
MPT, mitochondrial permeability transition
MRGPRF, Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor, me
MRP, Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein
MRP1, Multidrug Resistance Protein 1
MSCmark, MSC markers
MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
MSH2, mutS homolog 2, colon cancer, nonpolyposis t
MSH6, mutS homolog 6 (E. coli)
MSI, Microsatellite Instability
Mst1, Mammalian Ste20-like kinase 1
mtDam, mitochondrial damage
mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin
mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
mTORC2, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) compl
MUC1, Mucin 1
MUC1-C, MUC1-C
MUC4, mucin, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein
Myc, v-myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene h
MyD88, Myeloid differentiation factor 88
N-cadherin, N-cadherin
n-MYC, n-MYC Oncogene
NA, NA
NAD, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADH, Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
NADH:NAD, NADH:NAD+ ratio
NADHdeh, NADH dehydrogenases
NADPH, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NADPH/NADP+, NADPH/NADP+ ratio
NAF1, Neutrophil-activating factor 1
NAIP, Neuronal Apoptosis Inhibitory Protein
Nanog, human hNanog protein coded by the NANOG gen
NBR2, long noncoding RNA neighbor of BRCA1 lncRNA
NCAM, Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule
NCOA4, Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 4
NCOR1, nuclear receptor co-repressor 1
NDRG1, N-myc Downstream Regulated Gene 1
Necroptosis, Necroptosis
necrosis, necrosis
NEDD9, Neural precursor cell expressed development
NEP, Neprilysin
Nestin, Nestin
Netrins, Netrins
neuroG, neurogenesis
Neurog1, Neurogenin 1
neuroP, neuroprotective
NeuroT, neurotensin
Neut, neutrophils
NF-kB, Nuclear factor kappa B
NF1, neurofibromin 1
NF2, neurofibromin 2 (merlin)
NFAM1, Neural Factor Activating Mast cells 1
NFAT, nuclear factor of activated T cells
NFE2L2, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like
NGF, Nerve Growth Factor
NH3, ammonia
NHE1, Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1
NHE3, Sodium/Hydrogen Exchanger 3
NICD, Notch Intracellular Domain
NK cell, NK cell activity
NKD2, Naked cuticle homolog 2
NKG2D, natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D) li
NKX3.1, Homeobox protein Nkx-3.1
NLRP3, NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing p
NM23, NM23
NNMT, Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase
NO, Nitric Oxide
NOS2, nitric oxide synthase 2
NOTCH,
NOTCH1, Notch homolog 1, translocation-associated
NOTCH2, Notch homolog 2 (Drosophila)
NOTCH3, Notch homolog 3
NOX, NADPH oxidase
NOX4, NADPH oxidase 4
NOXA, Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced prot
NPC1L1, Niemann–Pick C1-Like 1
NPM1, nucleophosmin 1 (nucleolar phosphoprotein B2
NPY, Neuropeptide Y
NQO1, NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1
NQO2, N-ribosyldihydronicotinamide:quinone reducta
NRAS, neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene hom
Nrf1, Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1
NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
NSE, Neuron-specific enolase
NTRK, NTRK
nucleolin, nucleolin
OAA, oxaloacetate
OATPs, Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptides
OATs, Organic Anion Transporters
Obesity, Obesity
OCN, Osteocalcin
OCR, Oxygen consumption rate
OCT4, Octamer-binding transcription factor 4
oncosis, Oncosis
OPG, Osteoprotegerin
OPN, Osteopontin
OS, overall survival
OSI, oxidative stress index
OSM, oncostatin
other, other
OV6, OV6
OXPHOS, Oxidative phosphorylation
P-gp, permeability-glycoprotein
p16, protein 16
p19, p19/CDKN2D
P21, P21
p27, p27kip1
P2X7, purinoceptor 7
p300, p300
p38, p38
p42, p42 MAPK
p44, p44/ERK1
P450, cytochrome P450 (CYP) family
p50, p50
P53, P53-Guardian of the Genome
p53 Wildtype, p53 Wildtype
p62, p62/sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)
p65, RelA
p66Shc, p66Shc
p70S6, phospho-S6
P70S6K, p70 S6 kinase
p73, p73
p85S6K, isoform of S6 kinase
P90RSK, 90 kDa Ribosomal S6 Kinase
Pain, Pain
PAK, p21-activated kinases
PAK1,
PAO, PAO gene
PAR-2, Protease-activated receptor 2
Paraptosis, Paraptosis
PARK2, PARKIN
PARP, poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) cleavage
PARP1, Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1
PARP16, ARTD15
pax, paxillin
PAX5, paired box 5
PBRM1, polybromo 1
PCAF, p300/CBP-associated factor
PCBP1, Poly(rC) Binding Protein 1
PCK1, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1
PCLAF, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen-Associat
PCNA, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
PD-1, Programmed Death-1
PD-L1, Programmed Death-Ligand 1
PD-L2, Programmed Death-Ligand 2
PDCD4, PDCD4 Programmed Cell Death 4
PDE4, Phosphodiesterase 4
PDGF, Platelet-derived growth factors
PDGFR-BB, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor
PDGFRA, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, a
PDH, mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)
PDHA1, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase E1 Alpha 1 Subunit
PDHB, pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 beta subunit
PDI, Protein Disulfide Isomerase
PDK1, Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1
PDK3, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 3
PDKs, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase
PDT+, PDT+cells
Perforin, Perforin
PERK, protein kinase-like ER kinase
PFK, Phosphofructokinase
PFK1, Phosphofructokinase-1
PFK2, PFK2
PFKFB2, 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Bisp
PFKL, Phosphofructokinase, Liver
PFKM, Phosphofructokinase, Muscle
PFKP, Phosphofructokinase, Platelet
PGAM1, Phosphoglycerate mutase 1
PGC-1α, Peroxisome proliferator-activated recepto
PGC1A, PPARγ Coactivator 1-alpha
PGD2, prostaglandin D2
PGE1, Prostaglandin E1
PGE2, Prostaglandin E2
PGK1, Phosphoglycerate kinase 1
PGM1, Phosphoglucomutase 1
pH,
PHDs, Prolyl Hydroxylases
PHF6, PHD finger protein 6
PhotoS, PhotoSensitzer
PI3K, Phosphatidylinositide-3-Kinases
PI3K/Akt, PI3K/Akt signaling
PI3k/Akt/mTOR, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Protein K
PI3K/mTOR/ETS2, PI3K/mTOR/ETS2 pathway
PIAS-3, Protein Inhibitor of Activated STAT-3
Piezo1, Piezo1
PIK3CA, phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, alph
PIK3R1, PIK3R1/p85S6 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
Pin1, Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, NIMA-in
PINK1, PTEN-induced kinase 1
PIP3, Phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate
PIR, Phosphoinositide-interacting regulator of TRP
Pirin, Pirin
PKA, protein kinase A
PKCδ, Protein Kinase C delta
PKL, liver isoform of pyruvate kinase
PKM1, pyruvate kinase muscle isoform 1
PKM2, Pyruvate Kinase, Muscle 2
PKM2:PKM1, PKM2/PKM1 ratio
PLC, perlecan
PleEff, pleural effusion
PLEKHM3, PLEKHM3
PLIN1, Perilipin 1
POLD1, POLD1
polyA, polyamine
PONs, paraoxonase
Poor perfusion, Poor perfusion
PP2A, serine/threonine phosphatase
PPARα, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor
PPARγ, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PPP, pentose phosphate pathway
PPP2R1A, protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regu
PR, Progesterone receptor
PRAS40, proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa
pRB, retinoblastoma protein
PRC2, Polycomb repressive complex 2
PRDM1, PR domain containing 1, with ZNF domain
PRKCG, Protein Kinase C Gamma
PRNP, Prion Protein (PRioN Protein) gene
proApCas, proapoptotic cascade
PRODH, proline dehydrogenase
proline, proline
Prot, Protein Levels
Proteasome, Proteasome
Prx, Peroxiredoxin
Prx3, peroxiredoxin-3
Prx4, Peroxiredoxin 4
Prx6, Peroxiredoxin 6
PrxI, Peroxiredoxin I
PrxII, Peroxiredoxin II
pS2/TFF1, pS2/TFF1
PSA, prostate-specific antigen
PSD95, Postsynaptic density protein 95
PSMB5, proteasome subunit beta type-5
PTCH1, 12-transmembrane cell surface receptor Patc
PTCH2, PTCH2
PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog; phosphatase
PTP1B, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B
PTPN11, protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor
PTPN6, SHP1/Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Rece
PUMA, p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis
PYCR1, Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Reductase 1
Pyro, Pyroptosis
Pyruv, Pyruvate
QoL, Quality of Life
R5P, ribose-5-phosphate
RAAS, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Rac1, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1
RAD51, RAD51
radioP, RadioProtective
RadioS, RadioSensitizer
Raf, RAF kinases
RAGE, Receptor for advanced glycation end-product
RANKL, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor κB Li
RANTES, CCL5
RARα, RARα (NR1B1)
RARβ, RARβ (NR1B2)
RARγ, RARγ (NR1B3)
RAS, RAS
RB1, retinoblastoma 1 gene
RBM3, RNA-binding motif protein 3
RECK, Reversion Inducing Cysteine-Rich Protein wit
REL, V-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncog
Remission, Remission
RenoP, K,Renoprotection
RET, Rearranged during Transfection proto-oncogene
RHBDD1, Rhomboid Domain Containing 1
Rho, Rho GTPases
RIP1, Receptor-Interacting Protein 1
RIP3, Receptor‐Interacting Protein Kinase 3
Risk, Risk
RKIP, Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein
RNF43, ring finger protein 43
RNR, Ribonucleotide Reductase
RNS, reactive nitrogen species
ROCK1, Rho-associated coiled-coil containing prote
ROMO1, Reactive Oxygen Species Modulator 1
ROS, Reactive Oxygen Species
RPM, radical pair mechanism
RPS6KA1, ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1
RPSA, Ribosomal Protein SA
RSK, Ribosomal S6 Kinase
RTK-RAS, RTK-RAS
RUNX1, runt-related transcription factor 1
RUNX2, Runt-related transcription factor 2
S6, ribosomal protein S6
S6K, S6 kinase
SA, Sialic acid
SA of VW, Structural abnormalities of vessel walls
SAL, specific acetylation level
SAM-e, S-adenosylmethionine
SAPK, stress-activated protein kinases
SAT1, Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase 1
SCD1, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1
SCF, Stem Cell Factor
SD, Stable Disease
SDC1, Syndecan-1 (SDC-1)
SDH, Succinate dehydrogenase/ComplexII
SE-cad, Selenocysteine-containing enzyme glutathio
Securin, PTTG1
selectivity, selectivity
selenoP, selenoproteins
selm, selenium
Sema3A/PlexinA1, Sema3A/PlexinA1
Sepsis, Sepsis
serineP, serine protease
SESN2, Sestrin 2
Set9, SETD7 (SET domain containing lysine methyltr
SETBP1, SET binding protein 1
SETD2, SET domain containing 2
SF3B1, splicing factor 3b, subunit 1, 155kDa
sFasL, soluble Fas Ligand
SFRP5, Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5
SGLTs, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporters
SHARP, SHARP1/BHLHE41
Sharpin, SHANK-associated RH domain interactor
SHBG, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin
Shc, Shc signaling proteins
Shh, sonic hedgehog
SHP1, Src Homology region 2 domain-containing Phos
SIRT1, Sirtuin 1 protein
SIRT2, Sirtuin 2
SIRT3, Sirtuin 3
SIRT6, Sirtuin 6
SK, Sphingosine kinases
SLC12A5, SLC12A5
SLC1A5, SLC1A5
SLC25A1, CIC
Sleep, Sleep Quality
Slug, transcription factor Slug
Smad1, Smad1
SMAD2, SMAD family member 2
SMAD3, SMAD3
SMAD4, SMAD family member 4
SMAD5, SMAD5
Smad7, Smad7
SMARCA4, SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin
SMARCB1, SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin
SMCT1, SLC5A8
SMG1, Suppressor of Morphogenetic Defects in Genit
Smo, G-protein-coupled receptor-like 7-pass transm
Snail, Snail
SNCG, SNCG gene
SOCS-3, Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3
SOCS1, suppressor of cytokine signaling 1
SOD, superoxide dismutase
SOD1, superoxide dismutase 1
SOD2, MnSOD
sonoP, sonoporation
sonoS, sonosensitizer
SOX2, SOX2
SOX4, SRY‐box transcription factor 4
SOX9, SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 9
Sp1/3/4, Specificity Protein
SPARC, secreted protein acidic and rich in cystein
SPOP, speckle-type POZ protein
SPP1, Secreted phosphoprotein 1
Src, Src kinase
SRD5A1, SRD5A1
SREBF2, Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Factor 2
SREBP1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein
SREBP2, Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein
SRSF2, SRSF2 serine/arginine-rich splicing factor
SSAT, Spermidine/Spermine N1-Acetyltransferase
SSBP1, single-stranded DNA binding protein 1
STAC2, SH3 and cysteine-rich domain 2
STAG2, stromal antigen 2
StAR, Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory protein
STAT, Signal transducer and activator of transcrip
STAT1, Signal transducer and activator of transcri
STAT2, Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcri
STAT3, Signal transducer and activator of transcri
STAT4, Signal transducer and activator of transcri
STAT5, Signal transducer and activator of transcri
STAT6, Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcri
STEAP3, Six Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of th
STEP, STriatal-Enriched protein tyrosine Phosphata
STK11, serine/threonine kinase 11
Strength, physical strength
Sufu, Sufu gene
survivin, BIRC5
SUZ12, Suppressor of zeste 12
SVCT-2, Sodium-dependent Vitamin C Transporter 2
SXR, PXR-Steroid and Xenobiotic Receptor
Symptoms, Symptoms
T-cadherin, T-cadherin/CDH13
T-Cell, T lymphocytes
T-SOD, tissue superoxide dismutases
TAC, total antioxidant capacity
talin, talin
TAMS, tumor-associated macrophages
TANs, tumor-associated neutrophils
TAp63α, TAp63α
TarDef DNArep, Target deficient DNA repair
TAS, Tumor Angiogenesis Score
TASc, Tumor Angiogenesis Score
tau, tau
TAZ, Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-binding
TBARS, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
TBX15, T-box transcription factor 15
TCA, Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle
TCF, T-cell factor (Tcf) family
TCF-4, Transcription Factor 4
Telomerase, Telomerase
testos, testosterone
TET1, Ten-Eleven Translocation 1
TET2, tet oncogene family member 2
TET3, Ten-Eleven Translocation methylcytosine diox
Tf, Transferrin
TFAP2A, Transcription Factor AP-2 alpha
TFEB, Transcription Factor EB
TfR1/CD71, Transferrin receptor protein 1,
TGF-β, transforming growth factor-beta
TGF-β1, Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1
TGFβR1, transforming growth factor-beta receptor
Th1 response, T helper response
Th17, T helper 17 (Th17) cells
Th2, Type 2 helper cell
THBS2, thrombospondin 2 gene
Thiols, Thiols
TILs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)
TIM-3, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain cont
TIMP1, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1
TIMP2, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-2
TIMP3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3
TJ, Tight junctions
TKT, transketolase
TLE1, Transducin-Like Enhancer of split 1
TLR1, Toll-Like Receptor 1
TLR2, Toll-Like Receptor 2
TLR4, Toll-like receptor 4
TLS, Tumor lysis syndrome
TNC, tenascin-C
TNF-α, TNF-α
TNF-β, Tumor Necrosis Factor-beta
TNFAIP3, tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced prot
TNFR 1, Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1,
TOP1, Topoisomerase I
TOP2, Topoisomerase II
TOPflash, TOPflash
TOS, total oxidant status
toxicity, toxicity
TP53, tumor protein p53
TPI, Triosephosphate Isomerase
TPM4, Tropomyosin 4
TRAF7, TNF receptor-associated factor 7
TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-ind
TRAILR, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-in
Trans Reg, Transcriptional regulation
Treg lymp, Treg lymphocytes
TregCell, Treg cells
TREM-1, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid c
TRIB3, tribbles homolog 3
TRIF, Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor
TrkB, Tropomyosin receptor kinase B
Trop2, Trop2
TRPC1, Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 1
TRPM7, transient receptor potential melastatin 7
TRPV1, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1
Trx, Thioredoxin
Trx1, Thioredoxin 1
Trx2, thioredoxin 2
TrxR, Thioredoxin Reductase
TrxR1, thioredoxin reductase 1
TrxR2, thioredoxin reductase-mitochondrial
trypsin, trypsin
TS, thymidylate synthase
TSC1, tuberous sclerosis 1
TSC2, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)
TSHR, thyroid stimulating hormone receptor
TSP-1, Thrombospondin-1
TumAuto, Tumor autophagy
TumCA, Tumor Cell adhesion
TumCCA, Tumor cell cycle arrest
TumCD, Tumor Cell Death
TumCG, Tumor cell growth
TumCI, Tumor Cell invasion
TumCM/A, Tumor cell metabolism/acidosis
TumCMig, Tumor cell migration
TumCP, Tumor Cell proliferation
tumCV, Cell Viability
TumMeta, Cancer Metastasis
TumN, Tumor necrosis
TumPF, Tumor-promoting fibroblasts
TumPInf, Tumor-promoting inflammation
TumVol, Tumor Volume
TumW, Tumor Weight
TUNEL, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP
Twist, Twist
TXA2, thromboxane A2
TXNIP, TBP-2
Tyro3, Tyro3
tyrosinase, tyrosinase
U2AF1, U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 1
UBE2C, Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C
UCP1, mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1
UCPs, uncoupling proteins
UHRF1, Ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING Finger dom
uPA, Urokinase plasminogen activator
uPAR, Urokinase-type plasminogen activator recepto
UPR, Unfolded Protein Response
uricA, uric acid
UrinaryC, urinary continence
UroPA, Urokinase plasminogen activator
USF1, Upstream transcription factor 1
VCAM-1, Vascular cell adhesion protein 1
VDAC1, Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1
VDR, Vitamin D receptor
VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR2, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Recepto
VGCC, Voltage-gated calcium channels
VHL, von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor
Vim, Vimentin
vinculin, vinculin
VitC, Vitamin C levels
VitD, Vitamin D
VitE, Vitamin E (trolox)
VM, vasculogenic mimicry
Warburg, Warburg Effect
Weight, Weight
Wmax, Wmax
Wnt, Wingless-related integration site
Wnt/(β-catenin), Wnt/(β-catenin)
Wound Healing, Wound Healing
WT1, Wilms tumor 1
XBP-1, X-box binding protein 1
xCT, SLC7A11
XIAP, X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIA
XIST, X-inactive specific transcript
XO, xanthine oxidase
YAP/TEAD, YAP/TEAD activity
YMcells, YOUNG’S MODULUS cancer cells
ZBTB10, ZBTB transcription Factor 10
Zeb1, Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1
ZEB2, Zinc Finger E-Box Binding Homeobox 2
ZFX, Zinc Finger X-linked
ZO-1, Zonula occludens-1
α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
α-tubulin, α-tubulin
β-Amyloid, β-Amyloid Fibrils
β-catenin/ZEB1, β-catenin/ZEB1
β-Endo, β-Endorphin
β-oxidation, Beta Oxidation
β-TRCP, beta-transducin repeat-containing protein
γH2AX, gamma-H2AX
γδ T-cell activity, γδ T-cell activity
tid
Target
DNAdam
Cancers General Effect on Target
?
↓
↑
⇅
↝
?
∅
Name
DNA damage
Source
HalifaxProj(prevent)
Type
DNA damage
DNA damage
plays a crucial role in the development of cancer. The integrity of DNA is essential for the proper functioning of cells, and when DNA is damaged, it can lead to mutations that may contribute to cancer progression.
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